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Cosmogenic radionuclides reveal an extreme solar particle storm near a solar minimum 9125 years BP

Paleari, Chiara I. LU ; Mekhaldi, Florian LU ; Adolphi, Florian LU ; Christl, Marcus ; Vockenhuber, Christof ; Gautschi, Philip ; Beer, Jürg ; Brehm, Nicolas ; Erhardt, Tobias and Synal, Hans Arno , et al. (2022) In Nature Communications 13(1).
Abstract

During solar storms, the Sun expels large amounts of energetic particles (SEP) that can react with the Earth’s atmospheric constituents and produce cosmogenic radionuclides such as 14C, 10Be and 36Cl. Here we present 10Be and 36Cl data measured in ice cores from Greenland and Antarctica. The data consistently show one of the largest 10Be and 36Cl production peaks detected so far, most likely produced by an extreme SEP event that hit Earth 9125 years BP (before present, i.e., before 1950 CE), i.e., 7176 BCE. Using the 36Cl/10Be ratio, we demonstrate that this event was characterized by a very hard energy spectrum and was possibly up to two... (More)

During solar storms, the Sun expels large amounts of energetic particles (SEP) that can react with the Earth’s atmospheric constituents and produce cosmogenic radionuclides such as 14C, 10Be and 36Cl. Here we present 10Be and 36Cl data measured in ice cores from Greenland and Antarctica. The data consistently show one of the largest 10Be and 36Cl production peaks detected so far, most likely produced by an extreme SEP event that hit Earth 9125 years BP (before present, i.e., before 1950 CE), i.e., 7176 BCE. Using the 36Cl/10Be ratio, we demonstrate that this event was characterized by a very hard energy spectrum and was possibly up to two orders of magnitude larger than any SEP event during the instrumental period. Furthermore, we provide 10Be-based evidence that, contrary to expectations, the SEP event occurred near a solar minimum.

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type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
in
Nature Communications
volume
13
issue
1
article number
214
publisher
Nature Publishing Group
external identifiers
  • pmid:35017519
  • scopus:85122816802
ISSN
2041-1723
DOI
10.1038/s41467-021-27891-4
language
English
LU publication?
yes
additional info
Publisher Copyright: © 2022, The Author(s).
id
b28ab7f5-5123-4147-a6a1-e657894e3a2e
date added to LUP
2022-01-26 09:22:29
date last changed
2025-03-10 01:45:45
@article{b28ab7f5-5123-4147-a6a1-e657894e3a2e,
  abstract     = {{<p>During solar storms, the Sun expels large amounts of energetic particles (SEP) that can react with the Earth’s atmospheric constituents and produce cosmogenic radionuclides such as <sup>14</sup>C, <sup>10</sup>Be and <sup>36</sup>Cl. Here we present <sup>10</sup>Be and <sup>36</sup>Cl data measured in ice cores from Greenland and Antarctica. The data consistently show one of the largest <sup>10</sup>Be and <sup>36</sup>Cl production peaks detected so far, most likely produced by an extreme SEP event that hit Earth 9125 years BP (before present, i.e., before 1950 CE), i.e., 7176 BCE. Using the <sup>36</sup>Cl/<sup>10</sup>Be ratio, we demonstrate that this event was characterized by a very hard energy spectrum and was possibly up to two orders of magnitude larger than any SEP event during the instrumental period. Furthermore, we provide <sup>10</sup>Be-based evidence that, contrary to expectations, the SEP event occurred near a solar minimum.</p>}},
  author       = {{Paleari, Chiara I. and Mekhaldi, Florian and Adolphi, Florian and Christl, Marcus and Vockenhuber, Christof and Gautschi, Philip and Beer, Jürg and Brehm, Nicolas and Erhardt, Tobias and Synal, Hans Arno and Wacker, Lukas and Wilhelms, Frank and Muscheler, Raimund}},
  issn         = {{2041-1723}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{1}},
  publisher    = {{Nature Publishing Group}},
  series       = {{Nature Communications}},
  title        = {{Cosmogenic radionuclides reveal an extreme solar particle storm near a solar minimum 9125 years BP}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-27891-4}},
  doi          = {{10.1038/s41467-021-27891-4}},
  volume       = {{13}},
  year         = {{2022}},
}