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Associations of Subjective Sleep Quality with Wearable Device-Derived Resting Heart Rate During REM Sleep and Non-REM Sleep in a Cohort of Japanese Office Workers

Sjöland, Olivia ; Svensson, Thomas LU ; Madhawa, Kaushalya ; Nt, Hoang ; Chung, Ung Il and Svensson, Akiko Kishi LU (2024) In Nature and Science of Sleep 16. p.867-877
Abstract

Background: Associations between subjective sleep quality and stage-specific heart rate (HR) may have important clinical relevance when aiming to optimize sleep and overall health. The majority of previously studies have been performed during short periods under laboratory-based conditions. The aim of this study was to investigate the associations of subjective sleep quality with heart rate during REM sleep (HR REMS) and non-REM sleep (HR NREMS) using a wearable device (Fitbit Versa). Methods: This is a secondary analysis of data from the intervention group of a randomized controlled trial (RCT) performed between December 3, 2018, and March 2, 2019, in Tokyo, Japan. The intervention group consisted of 179 Japanese office workers with... (More)

Background: Associations between subjective sleep quality and stage-specific heart rate (HR) may have important clinical relevance when aiming to optimize sleep and overall health. The majority of previously studies have been performed during short periods under laboratory-based conditions. The aim of this study was to investigate the associations of subjective sleep quality with heart rate during REM sleep (HR REMS) and non-REM sleep (HR NREMS) using a wearable device (Fitbit Versa). Methods: This is a secondary analysis of data from the intervention group of a randomized controlled trial (RCT) performed between December 3, 2018, and March 2, 2019, in Tokyo, Japan. The intervention group consisted of 179 Japanese office workers with metabolic syndrome (MetS), Pre-MetS or a high risk of developing MetS. HR was collected with a wearable device and sleep quality was assessed with a mobile application where participants answered The St. Mary’s Hospital Sleep Questionnaire. Both HR and sleep quality was collected daily for a period of 90 days. Associations of between-individual and within-individual sleep quality with HR REMS and HR NREMS were analyzed with multi-level model regression in 3 multivariate models. Results: The cohort consisted of 92.6% men (n=151) with a mean age (± standard deviation) of 44.1 (±7.5) years. A non-significant inverse between-individual association was observed for sleep quality with HR REMS (HR REMS −0.18; 95% CI −0.61, 0.24) and HR NREMS (HR NREMS −0.23; 95% CI −0.66, 0.21), in the final multivariable adjusted models; a statistically significant inverse within-individual association was observed for sleep quality with HR REMS (HR REMS −0.21 95% CI −0.27, −0.15) and HR NREMS (HR NREMS −0.21 95% CI −0.27, −0.14) after final adjustments for covariates. Conclusion: The present study shows a statistically significant within-individual association of subjective sleep quality with HR REMS and HR NREMS. These findings emphasize the importance of considering sleep quality on the individual level. The results may contribute to early detection and prevention of diseases associated with sleep quality which may have important implications on public health given the high prevalence of sleep disturbances in the population.

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author
; ; ; ; and
organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
keywords
heart rate, NREMS, REMS, sleep quality, sleep stages, wearable device
in
Nature and Science of Sleep
volume
16
pages
867 - 877
publisher
Dove Medical Press Ltd.
external identifiers
  • scopus:85197540675
ISSN
1179-1608
DOI
10.2147/NSS.S455784
language
English
LU publication?
yes
additional info
Publisher Copyright: © 2024 Sjöland et al.
id
b5fe40e6-d799-44fe-a346-1b0560fb8a5c
date added to LUP
2024-07-17 03:48:13
date last changed
2024-07-17 13:47:07
@article{b5fe40e6-d799-44fe-a346-1b0560fb8a5c,
  abstract     = {{<p>Background: Associations between subjective sleep quality and stage-specific heart rate (HR) may have important clinical relevance when aiming to optimize sleep and overall health. The majority of previously studies have been performed during short periods under laboratory-based conditions. The aim of this study was to investigate the associations of subjective sleep quality with heart rate during REM sleep (HR REMS) and non-REM sleep (HR NREMS) using a wearable device (Fitbit Versa). Methods: This is a secondary analysis of data from the intervention group of a randomized controlled trial (RCT) performed between December 3, 2018, and March 2, 2019, in Tokyo, Japan. The intervention group consisted of 179 Japanese office workers with metabolic syndrome (MetS), Pre-MetS or a high risk of developing MetS. HR was collected with a wearable device and sleep quality was assessed with a mobile application where participants answered The St. Mary’s Hospital Sleep Questionnaire. Both HR and sleep quality was collected daily for a period of 90 days. Associations of between-individual and within-individual sleep quality with HR REMS and HR NREMS were analyzed with multi-level model regression in 3 multivariate models. Results: The cohort consisted of 92.6% men (n=151) with a mean age (± standard deviation) of 44.1 (±7.5) years. A non-significant inverse between-individual association was observed for sleep quality with HR REMS (HR REMS −0.18; 95% CI −0.61, 0.24) and HR NREMS (HR NREMS −0.23; 95% CI −0.66, 0.21), in the final multivariable adjusted models; a statistically significant inverse within-individual association was observed for sleep quality with HR REMS (HR REMS −0.21 95% CI −0.27, −0.15) and HR NREMS (HR NREMS −0.21 95% CI −0.27, −0.14) after final adjustments for covariates. Conclusion: The present study shows a statistically significant within-individual association of subjective sleep quality with HR REMS and HR NREMS. These findings emphasize the importance of considering sleep quality on the individual level. The results may contribute to early detection and prevention of diseases associated with sleep quality which may have important implications on public health given the high prevalence of sleep disturbances in the population.</p>}},
  author       = {{Sjöland, Olivia and Svensson, Thomas and Madhawa, Kaushalya and Nt, Hoang and Chung, Ung Il and Svensson, Akiko Kishi}},
  issn         = {{1179-1608}},
  keywords     = {{heart rate; NREMS; REMS; sleep quality; sleep stages; wearable device}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  pages        = {{867--877}},
  publisher    = {{Dove Medical Press Ltd.}},
  series       = {{Nature and Science of Sleep}},
  title        = {{Associations of Subjective Sleep Quality with Wearable Device-Derived Resting Heart Rate During REM Sleep and Non-REM Sleep in a Cohort of Japanese Office Workers}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/NSS.S455784}},
  doi          = {{10.2147/NSS.S455784}},
  volume       = {{16}},
  year         = {{2024}},
}