Particle lung deposited surface area (LDSAal) size distributions in different urban environments and geographical regions : Towards understanding of the PM2.5 dose–response
(2023) In Environment International 180.- Abstract
Recent studies indicate that monitoring only fine particulate matter (PM2.5) may not be enough to understand and tackle the health risk caused by particulate pollution. Health effects per unit PM2.5 seem to increase in countries with low PM2.5, but also near local pollution sources (e.g., traffic) within cities. The aim of this study is to understand the differences in the characteristics of lung-depositing particles in different geographical regions and urban environments. Particle lung deposited surface area (LDSAal) concentrations and size distributions, along with PM2.5, were compared with ambient measurement data from Finland, Germany, Czechia, Chile, and India, covering... (More)
Recent studies indicate that monitoring only fine particulate matter (PM2.5) may not be enough to understand and tackle the health risk caused by particulate pollution. Health effects per unit PM2.5 seem to increase in countries with low PM2.5, but also near local pollution sources (e.g., traffic) within cities. The aim of this study is to understand the differences in the characteristics of lung-depositing particles in different geographical regions and urban environments. Particle lung deposited surface area (LDSAal) concentrations and size distributions, along with PM2.5, were compared with ambient measurement data from Finland, Germany, Czechia, Chile, and India, covering traffic sites, residential areas, airports, shipping, and industrial sites. In Finland (low PM2.5), LDSAal size distributions depended significantly on the urban environment and were mainly attributable to ultrafine particles (<100 nm). In Central Europe (moderate PM2.5), LDSAal was also dependent on the urban environment, but furthermore heavily influenced by the regional aerosol. In Chile and India (high PM2.5), LDSAal was mostly contributed by the regional aerosol despite that the measurements were done at busy traffic sites. The results indicate that the characteristics of lung-depositing particles vary significantly both within cities and between geographical regions. In addition, ratio between LDSAal and PM2.5 depended notably on the environment and the country, suggesting that LDSAal exposure per unit PM2.5 may be multiple times higher in areas having low PM2.5 compared to areas with continuously high PM2.5. These findings may partly explain why PM2.5 seems more toxic near local pollution sources and in areas with low PM2.5. Furthermore, performance of a typical sensor based LDSAal measurement is discussed and a new LDSAal2.5 notation indicating deposition region and particle size range is introduced. Overall, the study emphasizes the need for country-specific emission mitigation strategies, and the potential of LDSAal concentration as a health-relevant pollution metric.
(Less)
- author
- organization
- publishing date
- 2023-10
- type
- Contribution to journal
- publication status
- published
- subject
- keywords
- Exposure, Human respiratory tract, Particulate matter, Regional aerosol, Ultrafine particles, Urban air quality
- in
- Environment International
- volume
- 180
- article number
- 108224
- publisher
- Elsevier
- external identifiers
-
- pmid:37757619
- scopus:85172305525
- ISSN
- 0160-4120
- DOI
- 10.1016/j.envint.2023.108224
- language
- English
- LU publication?
- yes
- id
- b9fd9a23-f47a-41fd-8678-028bb4fbcd89
- date added to LUP
- 2023-12-06 14:22:23
- date last changed
- 2024-04-19 08:57:09
@article{b9fd9a23-f47a-41fd-8678-028bb4fbcd89,
abstract = {{<p>Recent studies indicate that monitoring only fine particulate matter (PM<sub>2.5</sub>) may not be enough to understand and tackle the health risk caused by particulate pollution. Health effects per unit PM<sub>2.5</sub> seem to increase in countries with low PM<sub>2.5</sub>, but also near local pollution sources (e.g., traffic) within cities. The aim of this study is to understand the differences in the characteristics of lung-depositing particles in different geographical regions and urban environments. Particle lung deposited surface area (LDSA<sup>al</sup>) concentrations and size distributions, along with PM<sub>2.5</sub>, were compared with ambient measurement data from Finland, Germany, Czechia, Chile, and India, covering traffic sites, residential areas, airports, shipping, and industrial sites. In Finland (low PM<sub>2.5</sub>), LDSA<sup>al</sup> size distributions depended significantly on the urban environment and were mainly attributable to ultrafine particles (<100 nm). In Central Europe (moderate PM<sub>2.5</sub>), LDSA<sup>al</sup> was also dependent on the urban environment, but furthermore heavily influenced by the regional aerosol. In Chile and India (high PM<sub>2.5</sub>), LDSA<sup>al</sup> was mostly contributed by the regional aerosol despite that the measurements were done at busy traffic sites. The results indicate that the characteristics of lung-depositing particles vary significantly both within cities and between geographical regions. In addition, ratio between LDSA<sup>al</sup> and PM<sub>2.5</sub> depended notably on the environment and the country, suggesting that LDSA<sup>al</sup> exposure per unit PM<sub>2.5</sub> may be multiple times higher in areas having low PM<sub>2.5</sub> compared to areas with continuously high PM<sub>2.5</sub>. These findings may partly explain why PM<sub>2.5</sub> seems more toxic near local pollution sources and in areas with low PM<sub>2.5</sub>. Furthermore, performance of a typical sensor based LDSA<sup>al</sup> measurement is discussed and a new LDSA<sup>al</sup><sub>2.5</sub> notation indicating deposition region and particle size range is introduced. Overall, the study emphasizes the need for country-specific emission mitigation strategies, and the potential of LDSA<sup>al</sup> concentration as a health-relevant pollution metric.</p>}},
author = {{Lepistö, Teemu and Lintusaari, Henna and Oudin, Anna and Barreira, Luis M.F. and Niemi, Jarkko V. and Karjalainen, Panu and Salo, Laura and Silvonen, Ville and Markkula, Lassi and Hoivala, Jussi and Marjanen, Petteri and Martikainen, Sampsa and Aurela, Minna and Reyes, Felipe Reyes and Oyola, Pedro and Kuuluvainen, Heino and Manninen, Hanna E. and Schins, Roel P.F. and Vojtisek-Lom, Michal and Ondracek, Jakub and Topinka, Jan and Timonen, Hilkka and Jalava, Pasi and Saarikoski, Sanna and Rönkkö, Topi}},
issn = {{0160-4120}},
keywords = {{Exposure; Human respiratory tract; Particulate matter; Regional aerosol; Ultrafine particles; Urban air quality}},
language = {{eng}},
publisher = {{Elsevier}},
series = {{Environment International}},
title = {{Particle lung deposited surface area (LDSA<sup>al</sup>) size distributions in different urban environments and geographical regions : Towards understanding of the PM<sub>2.5</sub> dose–response}},
url = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2023.108224}},
doi = {{10.1016/j.envint.2023.108224}},
volume = {{180}},
year = {{2023}},
}