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BMI and weight changes and risk of obesity-related cancers : a pooled European cohort study

Bjørge, Tone LU ; Häggström, Christel ; Ghaderi, Sara ; Nagel, Gabriele ; Manjer, Jonas LU ; Tretli, Steinar ; Ulmer, Hanno ; Harlid, Sophia LU ; Rosendahl, Ann H. LU and Lang, Alois , et al. (2019) In International Journal of Epidemiology 48(6). p.1872-1885
Abstract

BACKGROUND: Obesity is an established risk factor for several cancers. Adult weight gain has been associated with increased cancer risk, but studies on timing and duration of adult weight gain are relatively scarce. We examined the impact of BMI (body mass index) and weight changes over time, as well as the timing and duration of excess weight, on obesity- and non-obesity-related cancers. METHODS: We pooled health data from six European cohorts and included 221 274 individuals with two or more height and weight measurements during 1972-2014. Several BMI and weight measures were constructed. Cancer cases were identified through linkage with national cancer registries. Hazard ratios (HRs) of cancer with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were... (More)

BACKGROUND: Obesity is an established risk factor for several cancers. Adult weight gain has been associated with increased cancer risk, but studies on timing and duration of adult weight gain are relatively scarce. We examined the impact of BMI (body mass index) and weight changes over time, as well as the timing and duration of excess weight, on obesity- and non-obesity-related cancers. METHODS: We pooled health data from six European cohorts and included 221 274 individuals with two or more height and weight measurements during 1972-2014. Several BMI and weight measures were constructed. Cancer cases were identified through linkage with national cancer registries. Hazard ratios (HRs) of cancer with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were derived from time-dependent Cox-regression models. RESULTS: During follow-up, 27 881 cancer cases were diagnosed; 9761 were obesity-related. The HR of all obesity-related cancers increased with increasing BMI at first and last measurement, maximum BMI and longer duration of overweight (men only) and obesity. Participants who were overweight before age 40 years had an HR of obesity-related cancers of 1.16 (95% CI 1.02, 1.32) and 1.15 (95% CI 1.04, 1.27) in men and women, respectively, compared with those who were not overweight. The risk increase was particularly high for endometrial (70%), male renal-cell (58%) and male colon cancer (29%). No positive associations were seen for cancers not regarded as obesity-related. CONCLUSIONS: Adult weight gain was associated with increased risk of several major cancers. The degree, timing and duration of overweight and obesity also seemed to be important. Preventing weight gain may reduce the cancer risk.

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organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
keywords
BMI and weight changes, cohort study, Obesity-related cancers
in
International Journal of Epidemiology
volume
48
issue
6
pages
14 pages
publisher
Oxford University Press
external identifiers
  • scopus:85077222495
  • pmid:31566221
ISSN
1464-3685
DOI
10.1093/ije/dyz188
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
baf844cb-8648-4018-a455-af481f301014
date added to LUP
2020-01-10 13:41:56
date last changed
2024-06-12 07:49:12
@article{baf844cb-8648-4018-a455-af481f301014,
  abstract     = {{<p>BACKGROUND: Obesity is an established risk factor for several cancers. Adult weight gain has been associated with increased cancer risk, but studies on timing and duration of adult weight gain are relatively scarce. We examined the impact of BMI (body mass index) and weight changes over time, as well as the timing and duration of excess weight, on obesity- and non-obesity-related cancers. METHODS: We pooled health data from six European cohorts and included 221 274 individuals with two or more height and weight measurements during 1972-2014. Several BMI and weight measures were constructed. Cancer cases were identified through linkage with national cancer registries. Hazard ratios (HRs) of cancer with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were derived from time-dependent Cox-regression models. RESULTS: During follow-up, 27 881 cancer cases were diagnosed; 9761 were obesity-related. The HR of all obesity-related cancers increased with increasing BMI at first and last measurement, maximum BMI and longer duration of overweight (men only) and obesity. Participants who were overweight before age 40 years had an HR of obesity-related cancers of 1.16 (95% CI 1.02, 1.32) and 1.15 (95% CI 1.04, 1.27) in men and women, respectively, compared with those who were not overweight. The risk increase was particularly high for endometrial (70%), male renal-cell (58%) and male colon cancer (29%). No positive associations were seen for cancers not regarded as obesity-related. CONCLUSIONS: Adult weight gain was associated with increased risk of several major cancers. The degree, timing and duration of overweight and obesity also seemed to be important. Preventing weight gain may reduce the cancer risk.</p>}},
  author       = {{Bjørge, Tone and Häggström, Christel and Ghaderi, Sara and Nagel, Gabriele and Manjer, Jonas and Tretli, Steinar and Ulmer, Hanno and Harlid, Sophia and Rosendahl, Ann H. and Lang, Alois and Stattin, Pär and Stocks, Tanja and Engeland, Anders}},
  issn         = {{1464-3685}},
  keywords     = {{BMI and weight changes; cohort study; Obesity-related cancers}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{6}},
  pages        = {{1872--1885}},
  publisher    = {{Oxford University Press}},
  series       = {{International Journal of Epidemiology}},
  title        = {{BMI and weight changes and risk of obesity-related cancers : a pooled European cohort study}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyz188}},
  doi          = {{10.1093/ije/dyz188}},
  volume       = {{48}},
  year         = {{2019}},
}