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Prevalence, intensity and endemicity of intestinal schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted helminthiasis and its associated factors among school-aged children in Southern Ethiopia

Zerdo, Zerihun ; Bastiaens, Hilde ; Anthierens, Sibyl ; Massebo, Fekadu ; Masne, Matewos ; Biresaw, Gelila ; Shewangizaw, Misgun ; Tunje, Abayneh LU ; Chisha, Yilma and Yohannes, Tsegaye , et al. (2022) In Scientific Reports 12(1).
Abstract

Preventive chemotherapy (PC), the main strategy recommended by the World Health Organization to eliminate soil-transmitted helminthiasis (STH) and schistosomiasis (SCH), should be strengthened through identification of the remaining SCH transmission foci and evaluating its impact to get a lesson. This study was aimed to assess the prevalence of STH/SCH infections, the intensity of infections, and factors associated with STH infection among school-aged children (SAC) in Uba Debretsehay and Dara Mallo districts (previously not known to be endemic for SCH) in southern Ethiopia, October to December 2019. Structured interview questionnaire was used to collect household data, anthropometric measurements were taken and stool samples collected... (More)

Preventive chemotherapy (PC), the main strategy recommended by the World Health Organization to eliminate soil-transmitted helminthiasis (STH) and schistosomiasis (SCH), should be strengthened through identification of the remaining SCH transmission foci and evaluating its impact to get a lesson. This study was aimed to assess the prevalence of STH/SCH infections, the intensity of infections, and factors associated with STH infection among school-aged children (SAC) in Uba Debretsehay and Dara Mallo districts (previously not known to be endemic for SCH) in southern Ethiopia, October to December 2019. Structured interview questionnaire was used to collect household data, anthropometric measurements were taken and stool samples collected from 2079 children were diagnosed using the Kato-Katz technique. Generalize mixed-effects logistic regression models were used to assess the association of STH infections with potential predictors. A P-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. The prevalence of Schistosoma mansoni in the Dara Mallo district was 34.3% (95%CI 30.9-37.9%). Light, moderate, and heavy S. mansoni infections were 15.2%, 10.9%, and 8.2% respectively. The overall prevalence of any STH infection was 33.2% with a 95% confidence interval (CI) of 31.1-35.3%. The intensity of infections was light (20.9%, 11.3% & 5.3%), moderate (1.1%, 0.1% & 0.4%) and heavy (0.3%, 0% & 0%) for hookworm, whipworm and roundworms respectively. The overall moderate-to-heavy intensity of infection among the total diagnosed children was 2% (41/2079). STH infection was higher among male SAC with Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) of 1.7 (95%CI 1.4-2.1); occupation of the household head other than farmer or housewife (AOR = 0.5; 95%CI 0.3-0.8), middle [AOR = 1.1; 95%CI 1.0-1.3] or high [AOR = 0.7; 95%CI 0.5-0.9] socioeconomic status. Dara Mallo district was moderate endemic for S. mansoni; and it needs sub-district level mapping and initiating a deworming campaign. Both districts remained moderate endemic for STH. Evidence-based strategies supplementing existing interventions with the main focus of the identified factors is important to realize the set targets.

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type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
keywords
Animals, Child, Ethiopia/epidemiology, Feces, Female, Helminthiasis/drug therapy, Humans, Male, Prevalence, Schistosomiasis/drug therapy, Schistosomiasis mansoni/epidemiology, Soil
in
Scientific Reports
volume
12
issue
1
article number
4586
pages
11 pages
publisher
Nature Publishing Group
external identifiers
  • scopus:85126512618
  • pmid:35302056
ISSN
2045-2322
DOI
10.1038/s41598-022-08333-7
language
English
LU publication?
no
additional info
© 2022. The Author(s).
id
be4da9c6-fd2b-497f-9a0a-546f315ffbf8
date added to LUP
2022-11-09 11:46:02
date last changed
2024-04-18 15:23:09
@article{be4da9c6-fd2b-497f-9a0a-546f315ffbf8,
  abstract     = {{<p>Preventive chemotherapy (PC), the main strategy recommended by the World Health Organization to eliminate soil-transmitted helminthiasis (STH) and schistosomiasis (SCH), should be strengthened through identification of the remaining SCH transmission foci and evaluating its impact to get a lesson. This study was aimed to assess the prevalence of STH/SCH infections, the intensity of infections, and factors associated with STH infection among school-aged children (SAC) in Uba Debretsehay and Dara Mallo districts (previously not known to be endemic for SCH) in southern Ethiopia, October to December 2019. Structured interview questionnaire was used to collect household data, anthropometric measurements were taken and stool samples collected from 2079 children were diagnosed using the Kato-Katz technique. Generalize mixed-effects logistic regression models were used to assess the association of STH infections with potential predictors. A P-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. The prevalence of Schistosoma mansoni in the Dara Mallo district was 34.3% (95%CI 30.9-37.9%). Light, moderate, and heavy S. mansoni infections were 15.2%, 10.9%, and 8.2% respectively. The overall prevalence of any STH infection was 33.2% with a 95% confidence interval (CI) of 31.1-35.3%. The intensity of infections was light (20.9%, 11.3% &amp; 5.3%), moderate (1.1%, 0.1% &amp; 0.4%) and heavy (0.3%, 0% &amp; 0%) for hookworm, whipworm and roundworms respectively. The overall moderate-to-heavy intensity of infection among the total diagnosed children was 2% (41/2079). STH infection was higher among male SAC with Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) of 1.7 (95%CI 1.4-2.1); occupation of the household head other than farmer or housewife (AOR = 0.5; 95%CI 0.3-0.8), middle [AOR = 1.1; 95%CI 1.0-1.3] or high [AOR = 0.7; 95%CI 0.5-0.9] socioeconomic status. Dara Mallo district was moderate endemic for S. mansoni; and it needs sub-district level mapping and initiating a deworming campaign. Both districts remained moderate endemic for STH. Evidence-based strategies supplementing existing interventions with the main focus of the identified factors is important to realize the set targets.</p>}},
  author       = {{Zerdo, Zerihun and Bastiaens, Hilde and Anthierens, Sibyl and Massebo, Fekadu and Masne, Matewos and Biresaw, Gelila and Shewangizaw, Misgun and Tunje, Abayneh and Chisha, Yilma and Yohannes, Tsegaye and Van Geertruyden, Jean-Pierre}},
  issn         = {{2045-2322}},
  keywords     = {{Animals; Child; Ethiopia/epidemiology; Feces; Female; Helminthiasis/drug therapy; Humans; Male; Prevalence; Schistosomiasis/drug therapy; Schistosomiasis mansoni/epidemiology; Soil}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  month        = {{03}},
  number       = {{1}},
  publisher    = {{Nature Publishing Group}},
  series       = {{Scientific Reports}},
  title        = {{Prevalence, intensity and endemicity of intestinal schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted helminthiasis and its associated factors among school-aged children in Southern Ethiopia}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-08333-7}},
  doi          = {{10.1038/s41598-022-08333-7}},
  volume       = {{12}},
  year         = {{2022}},
}