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Young Healthy Individuals With a First-Degree Relative With Type 1 Diabetes Displayed Adverse Lipid Changes

Holmgren, Josefin LU ; Englund, Emma LU ; Carlsson, Annelie LU orcid ; Litwin, Linda LU ; Weismann, Constance Gesina LU orcid ; Odermarsky, Michal LU orcid and Liuba, Petru LU (2025) In Acta Pædiatrica
Abstract
Aim

Timeline of atherosclerosis in children with type 1 diabetes is unknown. We aimed to investigate if familial risk of type 1 diabetes is associated with pro-atherosclerotic changes.

Methods

Young first-degree relatives to patients with paediatric type 1 diabetes and sex and age matching controls were enrolled at Skåne University Hospital, Sweden between 2006 and 2015. Conventional lipids, human leukocyte antigen DQ2/8, inflammatory biomarkers, and history of respiratory infections were determined.

Results

A total of 117 first-degree relatives and 43 controls were recruited (50% boys) at median of 13.4 years of age (IQR 8.0). Relatives had lower BMI Z-score (p = 0.03) and frequency of... (More)
Aim

Timeline of atherosclerosis in children with type 1 diabetes is unknown. We aimed to investigate if familial risk of type 1 diabetes is associated with pro-atherosclerotic changes.

Methods

Young first-degree relatives to patients with paediatric type 1 diabetes and sex and age matching controls were enrolled at Skåne University Hospital, Sweden between 2006 and 2015. Conventional lipids, human leukocyte antigen DQ2/8, inflammatory biomarkers, and history of respiratory infections were determined.

Results

A total of 117 first-degree relatives and 43 controls were recruited (50% boys) at median of 13.4 years of age (IQR 8.0). Relatives had lower BMI Z-score (p = 0.03) and frequency of respiratory infections (p = 0.03) compared to controls, but higher low-density lipoprotein (LDL, p = 0.04) and total cholesterol (p = 0.01). In multivariable regression models adjusted for confounders LDL was 0.35 mmol/L higher (95% CI 0.10–0.61) and total cholesterol was 0.46 mmol/L higher (95% CI 0.15–0.77) in relatives. Relatives with ≥ 4 respiratory infections/year had higher LDL than controls with < 4 infections/year (p = 0.035). Human leukocyte antigen DQ2/8 frequency and inflammatory biomarkers did not differ between groups.

Conclusion

Healthy young relatives to patients with type 1 diabetes display adverse lipid changes, probably related to their genetic susceptibility to this disease and recent respiratory infections. (Less)
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author
; ; ; ; ; and
organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
epub
subject
in
Acta Pædiatrica
publisher
Wiley-Blackwell
external identifiers
  • pmid:39891240
  • scopus:85216596370
ISSN
1651-2227
DOI
10.1111/apa.70002
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
beca3a86-09d7-4c0e-9efa-6c3b1811e48d
date added to LUP
2025-02-01 13:35:35
date last changed
2025-04-04 14:54:22
@article{beca3a86-09d7-4c0e-9efa-6c3b1811e48d,
  abstract     = {{Aim<br/><br/>Timeline of atherosclerosis in children with type 1 diabetes is unknown. We aimed to investigate if familial risk of type 1 diabetes is associated with pro-atherosclerotic changes.<br/><br/>Methods<br/><br/>Young first-degree relatives to patients with paediatric type 1 diabetes and sex and age matching controls were enrolled at Skåne University Hospital, Sweden between 2006 and 2015. Conventional lipids, human leukocyte antigen DQ2/8, inflammatory biomarkers, and history of respiratory infections were determined.<br/><br/>Results<br/><br/>A total of 117 first-degree relatives and 43 controls were recruited (50% boys) at median of 13.4 years of age (IQR 8.0). Relatives had lower BMI Z-score (p = 0.03) and frequency of respiratory infections (p = 0.03) compared to controls, but higher low-density lipoprotein (LDL, p = 0.04) and total cholesterol (p = 0.01). In multivariable regression models adjusted for confounders LDL was 0.35 mmol/L higher (95% CI 0.10–0.61) and total cholesterol was 0.46 mmol/L higher (95% CI 0.15–0.77) in relatives. Relatives with ≥ 4 respiratory infections/year had higher LDL than controls with &lt; 4 infections/year (p = 0.035). Human leukocyte antigen DQ2/8 frequency and inflammatory biomarkers did not differ between groups.<br/><br/>Conclusion<br/><br/>Healthy young relatives to patients with type 1 diabetes display adverse lipid changes, probably related to their genetic susceptibility to this disease and recent respiratory infections.}},
  author       = {{Holmgren, Josefin and Englund, Emma and Carlsson, Annelie and Litwin, Linda and Weismann, Constance Gesina and Odermarsky, Michal and Liuba, Petru}},
  issn         = {{1651-2227}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  month        = {{01}},
  publisher    = {{Wiley-Blackwell}},
  series       = {{Acta Pædiatrica}},
  title        = {{Young Healthy Individuals With a First-Degree Relative With Type 1 Diabetes Displayed Adverse Lipid Changes}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/apa.70002}},
  doi          = {{10.1111/apa.70002}},
  year         = {{2025}},
}