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Yes, MAM : How the cancer-related EMP3 protein became a regulator of erythropoiesis and the key protein underlying a new blood group system

Ilsley, M. D. LU orcid ; Storry, J. R. LU and Olsson, M. L. LU orcid (2022) In Immunohematology 38(4). p.130-136
Abstract

The MAM blood group system (International Society of Blood Transfusion [ISBT] 041) consists of one high-prevalence antigen to date, first detected in a 31-year-old woman during her third pregnancy. Epithelial membrane protein 3 (EMP3) was recently identified as the gene coding the MAM antigen. Six unique genetic variants have been described in EMP3 in 11 MAM- individuals. EMP3 is an 18-kDa glycoprotein with a large extracellular domain containing at least one N-glycosylation site. The normal function of EMP3 is still unclear, but ex vivo culture of erythropoietic progenitor cells from MAM- individuals shows an increased yield of reticulocytes, suggesting that EMP3 acts as a brake during normal erythropoiesis. EMP3 is abundant on... (More)

The MAM blood group system (International Society of Blood Transfusion [ISBT] 041) consists of one high-prevalence antigen to date, first detected in a 31-year-old woman during her third pregnancy. Epithelial membrane protein 3 (EMP3) was recently identified as the gene coding the MAM antigen. Six unique genetic variants have been described in EMP3 in 11 MAM- individuals. EMP3 is an 18-kDa glycoprotein with a large extracellular domain containing at least one N-glycosylation site. The normal function of EMP3 is still unclear, but ex vivo culture of erythropoietic progenitor cells from MAM- individuals shows an increased yield of reticulocytes, suggesting that EMP3 acts as a brake during normal erythropoiesis. EMP3 is abundant on different cell types, including many epithelial tissues and blood cells. Interestingly, EMP3 expression has been suggested as a prognostic marker for a number of cancer types, both for good and poor prognoses. EMP3 may act as a tumor suppressor or an oncogene in different cancer contexts. The protein appears to interact with other cell surface receptors and affects the downstream signaling and function of these proteins. MAM- red blood cells express low levels of CD44 and, consequently, the antigens of the Indian blood group system are only weakly expressed. Clinically, the MAM blood group antigen is important with regard to blood transfusion and pregnancy. Anti-MAM can cause severe hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn in some pregnancies but have little to no effect in other pregnancies. Cases are typically not detected until problems occur during pregnancy, making the availability of compatible blood a challenge.

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Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
; and
organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
keywords
blood group, EMP3, high-prevalence antigen, MAM
in
Immunohematology
volume
38
issue
4
pages
7 pages
publisher
American Red Cross
external identifiers
  • scopus:85145617470
  • pmid:36789459
ISSN
0894-203X
DOI
10.21307/immunohematology-2022-055
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
c17e65f9-b387-4a49-9bab-3bdb38de4276
date added to LUP
2023-01-16 15:47:18
date last changed
2024-04-03 18:40:40
@article{c17e65f9-b387-4a49-9bab-3bdb38de4276,
  abstract     = {{<p>The MAM blood group system (International Society of Blood Transfusion [ISBT] 041) consists of one high-prevalence antigen to date, first detected in a 31-year-old woman during her third pregnancy. Epithelial membrane protein 3 (EMP3) was recently identified as the gene coding the MAM antigen. Six unique genetic variants have been described in EMP3 in 11 MAM- individuals. EMP3 is an 18-kDa glycoprotein with a large extracellular domain containing at least one N-glycosylation site. The normal function of EMP3 is still unclear, but ex vivo culture of erythropoietic progenitor cells from MAM- individuals shows an increased yield of reticulocytes, suggesting that EMP3 acts as a brake during normal erythropoiesis. EMP3 is abundant on different cell types, including many epithelial tissues and blood cells. Interestingly, EMP3 expression has been suggested as a prognostic marker for a number of cancer types, both for good and poor prognoses. EMP3 may act as a tumor suppressor or an oncogene in different cancer contexts. The protein appears to interact with other cell surface receptors and affects the downstream signaling and function of these proteins. MAM- red blood cells express low levels of CD44 and, consequently, the antigens of the Indian blood group system are only weakly expressed. Clinically, the MAM blood group antigen is important with regard to blood transfusion and pregnancy. Anti-MAM can cause severe hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn in some pregnancies but have little to no effect in other pregnancies. Cases are typically not detected until problems occur during pregnancy, making the availability of compatible blood a challenge.</p>}},
  author       = {{Ilsley, M. D. and Storry, J. R. and Olsson, M. L.}},
  issn         = {{0894-203X}},
  keywords     = {{blood group; EMP3; high-prevalence antigen; MAM}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{4}},
  pages        = {{130--136}},
  publisher    = {{American Red Cross}},
  series       = {{Immunohematology}},
  title        = {{Yes, MAM : How the cancer-related EMP3 protein became a regulator of erythropoiesis and the key protein underlying a new blood group system}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.21307/immunohematology-2022-055}},
  doi          = {{10.21307/immunohematology-2022-055}},
  volume       = {{38}},
  year         = {{2022}},
}