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Physical Activity, Arterial Stiffness, and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease and Death in Men and Women : A Population-Based Study

Holm, Johannes LU ; Lippe, Viktor Eriksson ; Nilsson, Peter M. LU and Wadström, Benjamin Nilsson (2025) In Angiology
Abstract

Physical activity lowers risk of cardiovascular disease and may also decrease arterial stiffness. We aimed to investigate whether arterial stiffness can explain part of the association between physical activity and the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and all-cause death in men and women. We followed 2583 individuals from the Malmö Diet and Cancer study (2007-2012) for occurrence of MACE in Swedish nationwide registries (mean follow-up: 9 years). Physical activity was self-assessed using a questionnaire. Arterial stiffness was assessed by carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV), the gold standard. Survival analyses were performed using Cox regression. In all individuals, multivariable adjusted hazard ratios per 1... (More)

Physical activity lowers risk of cardiovascular disease and may also decrease arterial stiffness. We aimed to investigate whether arterial stiffness can explain part of the association between physical activity and the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and all-cause death in men and women. We followed 2583 individuals from the Malmö Diet and Cancer study (2007-2012) for occurrence of MACE in Swedish nationwide registries (mean follow-up: 9 years). Physical activity was self-assessed using a questionnaire. Arterial stiffness was assessed by carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV), the gold standard. Survival analyses were performed using Cox regression. In all individuals, multivariable adjusted hazard ratios per 1 m/s higher PWV were 1.09 (95% confidence interval: 1.05-1.14) for MACE and 1.06 (1.03-1.09) for death. Explained risk estimates for the association from physical activity through arterial stiffness were 12% (0%-100%) for risk of MACE and 5% (1%-16%) for risk of death; in men, corresponding results were 7% (0.4%-28%) and 7% (0%-51%). For women, physical activity was not associated with risk of MACE or death. In conclusion, arterial stiffness may explain part of the association from physical activity to risk of death and potentially risk of MACE in men.

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author
; ; and
organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
epub
subject
keywords
arterial stiffness, cardiovascular disease, mortality, physical activity, sex
in
Angiology
article number
00033197251366696
publisher
SAGE Publications
external identifiers
  • scopus:105017096758
  • pmid:40988494
ISSN
0003-3197
DOI
10.1177/00033197251366696
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
c277161c-9541-47a6-9ac1-04e95c10cd4f
date added to LUP
2025-12-08 13:53:34
date last changed
2025-12-09 03:00:06
@article{c277161c-9541-47a6-9ac1-04e95c10cd4f,
  abstract     = {{<p>Physical activity lowers risk of cardiovascular disease and may also decrease arterial stiffness. We aimed to investigate whether arterial stiffness can explain part of the association between physical activity and the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and all-cause death in men and women. We followed 2583 individuals from the Malmö Diet and Cancer study (2007-2012) for occurrence of MACE in Swedish nationwide registries (mean follow-up: 9 years). Physical activity was self-assessed using a questionnaire. Arterial stiffness was assessed by carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV), the gold standard. Survival analyses were performed using Cox regression. In all individuals, multivariable adjusted hazard ratios per 1 m/s higher PWV were 1.09 (95% confidence interval: 1.05-1.14) for MACE and 1.06 (1.03-1.09) for death. Explained risk estimates for the association from physical activity through arterial stiffness were 12% (0%-100%) for risk of MACE and 5% (1%-16%) for risk of death; in men, corresponding results were 7% (0.4%-28%) and 7% (0%-51%). For women, physical activity was not associated with risk of MACE or death. In conclusion, arterial stiffness may explain part of the association from physical activity to risk of death and potentially risk of MACE in men.</p>}},
  author       = {{Holm, Johannes and Lippe, Viktor Eriksson and Nilsson, Peter M. and Wadström, Benjamin Nilsson}},
  issn         = {{0003-3197}},
  keywords     = {{arterial stiffness; cardiovascular disease; mortality; physical activity; sex}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  publisher    = {{SAGE Publications}},
  series       = {{Angiology}},
  title        = {{Physical Activity, Arterial Stiffness, and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease and Death in Men and Women : A Population-Based Study}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00033197251366696}},
  doi          = {{10.1177/00033197251366696}},
  year         = {{2025}},
}