Controlled exposure to particulate matter from urban street air is associated with decreased vasodilation and heart rate variability in overweight and older adults
(2015) In Particle and Fibre Toxicology 12.- Abstract
- Background: Exposure to particulate matter (PM) is generally associated with elevated risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Elderly and obese subjects may be particularly susceptible, although short-term effects are poorly described. Methods: Sixty healthy subjects 25 males, 35 females, age 55 to 83 years, body mass index > 25 kg/m(2)) were included in a cross-over study with 5 hours of exposure to particle or sham filtered air from a busy street using an exposure-chamber. The sham-versus particle-filtered air had average particle number concentrations of similar to 23.000 versus similar to 1800/cm(3) and PM2.5 levels of 24 versus 3 mu g/m(3), respectively. The PM contained similar fractions of elemental and black carbon... (More)
- Background: Exposure to particulate matter (PM) is generally associated with elevated risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Elderly and obese subjects may be particularly susceptible, although short-term effects are poorly described. Methods: Sixty healthy subjects 25 males, 35 females, age 55 to 83 years, body mass index > 25 kg/m(2)) were included in a cross-over study with 5 hours of exposure to particle or sham filtered air from a busy street using an exposure-chamber. The sham-versus particle-filtered air had average particle number concentrations of similar to 23.000 versus similar to 1800/cm(3) and PM2.5 levels of 24 versus 3 mu g/m(3), respectively. The PM contained similar fractions of elemental and black carbon (similar to 20-25%) in both exposure scenarios. Reactive hyperemia and nitroglycerin-induced vasodilation in finger arteries and heart rate variability (HRV) measured within 1h after exposure were primary outcomes. Potential explanatory mechanistic variables included markers of oxidative stress (ascorbate/dehydroascorbate, nitric oxide-production cofactor tetrahydrobiopterin and its oxidation product dihydrobiopterin) and inflammation markers (C-reactive protein and leukocyte differential counts). Results: Nitroglycerin-induced vasodilation was reduced by 12% [95% confidence interval: -22%; -1.0%] following PM exposure, whereas hyperemia-induced vasodilation was reduced by 5% [95% confidence interval: -11.6%; 1.6%]. Moreover, HRV measurements showed that the high and low frequency domains were significantly decreased and increased, respectively. Redox and inflammatory status did not change significantly based on the above measures. Conclusions: This study indicates that exposure to real-life levels of PM from urban street air impairs the vasomotor function and HRV in overweight middle-aged and elderly adults, although this could not be explained by changes in inflammation, oxidative stress or nitric oxide-cofactors. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
https://lup.lub.lu.se/record/5282041
- author
- Hemmingsen, Jette G. ; Rissler, Jenny LU ; Lykkesfeldt, Jens ; Sallsten, Gerd ; Kristiansen, Jesper ; Moller, Peter P. and Loft, Steffen
- organization
- publishing date
- 2015
- type
- Contribution to journal
- publication status
- published
- subject
- keywords
- Traffic emission, Particulate matter, Cardiovascular disease, Endothelial function, Heart rate variability, Oxidative stress, Ascorbic, acid, Tetrahydrobiopterin, Elderly, Obesity
- in
- Particle and Fibre Toxicology
- volume
- 12
- article number
- 6
- publisher
- BioMed Central (BMC)
- external identifiers
-
- wos:000351577300001
- pmid:25890359
- scopus:84925399481
- pmid:25890359
- ISSN
- 1743-8977
- DOI
- 10.1186/s12989-015-0081-9
- language
- English
- LU publication?
- yes
- id
- c382cec4-e4b0-4a4c-af4f-22893541d2cd (old id 5282041)
- date added to LUP
- 2016-04-01 14:39:40
- date last changed
- 2022-04-22 04:29:44
@article{c382cec4-e4b0-4a4c-af4f-22893541d2cd,
abstract = {{Background: Exposure to particulate matter (PM) is generally associated with elevated risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Elderly and obese subjects may be particularly susceptible, although short-term effects are poorly described. Methods: Sixty healthy subjects 25 males, 35 females, age 55 to 83 years, body mass index > 25 kg/m(2)) were included in a cross-over study with 5 hours of exposure to particle or sham filtered air from a busy street using an exposure-chamber. The sham-versus particle-filtered air had average particle number concentrations of similar to 23.000 versus similar to 1800/cm(3) and PM2.5 levels of 24 versus 3 mu g/m(3), respectively. The PM contained similar fractions of elemental and black carbon (similar to 20-25%) in both exposure scenarios. Reactive hyperemia and nitroglycerin-induced vasodilation in finger arteries and heart rate variability (HRV) measured within 1h after exposure were primary outcomes. Potential explanatory mechanistic variables included markers of oxidative stress (ascorbate/dehydroascorbate, nitric oxide-production cofactor tetrahydrobiopterin and its oxidation product dihydrobiopterin) and inflammation markers (C-reactive protein and leukocyte differential counts). Results: Nitroglycerin-induced vasodilation was reduced by 12% [95% confidence interval: -22%; -1.0%] following PM exposure, whereas hyperemia-induced vasodilation was reduced by 5% [95% confidence interval: -11.6%; 1.6%]. Moreover, HRV measurements showed that the high and low frequency domains were significantly decreased and increased, respectively. Redox and inflammatory status did not change significantly based on the above measures. Conclusions: This study indicates that exposure to real-life levels of PM from urban street air impairs the vasomotor function and HRV in overweight middle-aged and elderly adults, although this could not be explained by changes in inflammation, oxidative stress or nitric oxide-cofactors.}},
author = {{Hemmingsen, Jette G. and Rissler, Jenny and Lykkesfeldt, Jens and Sallsten, Gerd and Kristiansen, Jesper and Moller, Peter P. and Loft, Steffen}},
issn = {{1743-8977}},
keywords = {{Traffic emission; Particulate matter; Cardiovascular disease; Endothelial function; Heart rate variability; Oxidative stress; Ascorbic; acid; Tetrahydrobiopterin; Elderly; Obesity}},
language = {{eng}},
publisher = {{BioMed Central (BMC)}},
series = {{Particle and Fibre Toxicology}},
title = {{Controlled exposure to particulate matter from urban street air is associated with decreased vasodilation and heart rate variability in overweight and older adults}},
url = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12989-015-0081-9}},
doi = {{10.1186/s12989-015-0081-9}},
volume = {{12}},
year = {{2015}},
}