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New landscape of the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease

Frisoni, Giovanni B. ; Hansson, Oskar LU orcid ; Nichols, Emma ; Garibotto, Valentina ; Schindler, Suzanne E. ; van der Flier, Wiesje M. ; Jessen, Frank ; Villain, Nicolas ; Arenaza-Urquijo, Eider M. and Crivelli, Lucia , et al. (2025) In The Lancet 406(10510). p.1389-1407
Abstract

Alzheimer's disease involves a drastic departure from the cognitive, functional, and behavioural trajectory of normal ageing, and is both a dreaded and highly prevalent cause of disability to individuals, and a leading source of health and social care expenditure for society. Before the advent of biomarkers, post-mortem examination was the only method available to establish a definitive diagnosis. In this first paper of the Series, we review state-of-the-art diagnostic practices and the typical patient journey in specialist settings, where clinicians engage in a differential diagnosis to establish whether Alzheimer's pathology (cerebral deposition of β-amyloid and hyperphosphorylated tau) is a contributor to cognitive impairment.... (More)

Alzheimer's disease involves a drastic departure from the cognitive, functional, and behavioural trajectory of normal ageing, and is both a dreaded and highly prevalent cause of disability to individuals, and a leading source of health and social care expenditure for society. Before the advent of biomarkers, post-mortem examination was the only method available to establish a definitive diagnosis. In this first paper of the Series, we review state-of-the-art diagnostic practices and the typical patient journey in specialist settings, where clinicians engage in a differential diagnosis to establish whether Alzheimer's pathology (cerebral deposition of β-amyloid and hyperphosphorylated tau) is a contributor to cognitive impairment. Biomarkers indicating dysregulation of β-amyloid and tau homeostasis, measured with PET and cerebrospinal fluid analysis, allow a molecular-level diagnosis—a mandatory step in defining eligibility for the recently approved anti-amyloid treatments. We anticipate that easily accessible blood biomarkers, already available in some countries, will lead to a new diagnostic revolution and bring about major changes in health-care systems worldwide.

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organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
in
The Lancet
volume
406
issue
10510
pages
19 pages
publisher
Elsevier
external identifiers
  • scopus:105016850370
  • pmid:40997838
ISSN
0140-6736
DOI
10.1016/S0140-6736(25)01294-2
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
c3f7777f-7fb2-401a-9f3e-d2db3e9feb01
date added to LUP
2025-11-26 14:11:48
date last changed
2025-11-26 14:12:10
@article{c3f7777f-7fb2-401a-9f3e-d2db3e9feb01,
  abstract     = {{<p>Alzheimer's disease involves a drastic departure from the cognitive, functional, and behavioural trajectory of normal ageing, and is both a dreaded and highly prevalent cause of disability to individuals, and a leading source of health and social care expenditure for society. Before the advent of biomarkers, post-mortem examination was the only method available to establish a definitive diagnosis. In this first paper of the Series, we review state-of-the-art diagnostic practices and the typical patient journey in specialist settings, where clinicians engage in a differential diagnosis to establish whether Alzheimer's pathology (cerebral deposition of β-amyloid and hyperphosphorylated tau) is a contributor to cognitive impairment. Biomarkers indicating dysregulation of β-amyloid and tau homeostasis, measured with PET and cerebrospinal fluid analysis, allow a molecular-level diagnosis—a mandatory step in defining eligibility for the recently approved anti-amyloid treatments. We anticipate that easily accessible blood biomarkers, already available in some countries, will lead to a new diagnostic revolution and bring about major changes in health-care systems worldwide.</p>}},
  author       = {{Frisoni, Giovanni B. and Hansson, Oskar and Nichols, Emma and Garibotto, Valentina and Schindler, Suzanne E. and van der Flier, Wiesje M. and Jessen, Frank and Villain, Nicolas and Arenaza-Urquijo, Eider M. and Crivelli, Lucia and Fortea, Juan and Grinberg, Lea T. and Ismail, Zahinoor and Minoshima, Satoshi and Ossenkoppele, Rik and Zetterberg, Henrik and Petersen, Ronald C. and Dubois, Bruno}},
  issn         = {{0140-6736}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  month        = {{09}},
  number       = {{10510}},
  pages        = {{1389--1407}},
  publisher    = {{Elsevier}},
  series       = {{The Lancet}},
  title        = {{New landscape of the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(25)01294-2}},
  doi          = {{10.1016/S0140-6736(25)01294-2}},
  volume       = {{406}},
  year         = {{2025}},
}