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Biocatalysed redox reactions in aqueous and organic media

Andersson, Mats LU (1998)
Abstract
This thesis deals mainly with biocatalysed methods for stereoselective reduction. D-(S)-chlorolactic acid was produced by both microbial and electromicrobial reduction of chloropyruvate using whole cells of Proteus vulgaris and an artificial electron mediator. The electron donor was formate, hydrogen gas or the cathode in an electrochemical cell. Since chloropyruvate was susceptible to mediator dependent non-enzymatic dehalogenation the choice of mediator was of importance for the obtainable yield of chlorolactic acid. The best results were obtained using 1,1'-carbamoylmethyl viologen. For large scale (mmol) synthesis, formate and formate dehydrogenase was the best method to regenerate the mediator and it was beneficial to add the... (More)
This thesis deals mainly with biocatalysed methods for stereoselective reduction. D-(S)-chlorolactic acid was produced by both microbial and electromicrobial reduction of chloropyruvate using whole cells of Proteus vulgaris and an artificial electron mediator. The electron donor was formate, hydrogen gas or the cathode in an electrochemical cell. Since chloropyruvate was susceptible to mediator dependent non-enzymatic dehalogenation the choice of mediator was of importance for the obtainable yield of chlorolactic acid. The best results were obtained using 1,1'-carbamoylmethyl viologen. For large scale (mmol) synthesis, formate and formate dehydrogenase was the best method to regenerate the mediator and it was beneficial to add the chloropyruvic acid continuously during the reaction so as to avoid side reactions. A productivity of 8300 mmol kg-1 h-1 and a space time yield of 68 g l-1 d-1 was obtained.



Hydrogenase driven NADH regeneration using permeabilised whole cells of Alcaligenes eutrophus was shown possible and used for lactate dehydrogenase and horse liver alcohol dehydrogenase (HLADH) catalysed reductions in aqueous media. The immobilisation of the cells in alginate and addition of reducing agents as dithiothreitol improved the stability. The permeabilised whole cell approach was also suitable as NADH regenerating catalyst in aqueous organic two-phase media (i.e. ¾10 % water). The permeabilised cells were co-immobilised together with HLADH and NAD by deposition on Celite. Hydrophobic solvents such as heptane and toluene were found to provide high activity. A turnover of the NAD of 200 and a spacetime yield of 10 g l-1 d-1 was obtained in heptane with 10 % water. Furthermore, the stability of HLADH in dry organic solvents could be well correlated to solvent descriptors by PLS (projection to latent structure) analysis of the data. Finally, Celite immobilised chloroperoxidase from Caldariomyces fumago was shown to be able to catalyse the oxidation of bensyl alcohol using tert-butyl hydroperoxide as oxidant in organic media at water activities above 0.6. Highest enzymatic rate was obtained in water saturated cyclohexane. The apparent Km for bensyl alcohol was 13 mM. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
supervisor
opponent
  • Prof Syldatk, Christoph
organization
publishing date
type
Thesis
publication status
published
subject
keywords
PLS, coenzyme regeneration, bioelectrocatalysis, hydrogenase, chloroperoxidase, HLADH, Proteus vulgaris, Alcaligenes eutrophus, artificial electron mediator, D-(S)_chlorolactic acid, Biotechnology, Bioteknik
pages
48 pages
publisher
Department of Biotechnology, Lund University
defense location
Center for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, room C
defense date
1998-05-14 10:15:00
external identifiers
  • other:ISRN: LUTKDH/TKBT--98/1038--SE
ISBN
91-628-2843-6
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
ca4669d0-c403-41dc-809c-4d33dd06527b (old id 38671)
date added to LUP
2016-04-04 11:30:10
date last changed
2018-11-21 21:05:16
@phdthesis{ca4669d0-c403-41dc-809c-4d33dd06527b,
  abstract     = {{This thesis deals mainly with biocatalysed methods for stereoselective reduction. D-(S)-chlorolactic acid was produced by both microbial and electromicrobial reduction of chloropyruvate using whole cells of Proteus vulgaris and an artificial electron mediator. The electron donor was formate, hydrogen gas or the cathode in an electrochemical cell. Since chloropyruvate was susceptible to mediator dependent non-enzymatic dehalogenation the choice of mediator was of importance for the obtainable yield of chlorolactic acid. The best results were obtained using 1,1'-carbamoylmethyl viologen. For large scale (mmol) synthesis, formate and formate dehydrogenase was the best method to regenerate the mediator and it was beneficial to add the chloropyruvic acid continuously during the reaction so as to avoid side reactions. A productivity of 8300 mmol kg-1 h-1 and a space time yield of 68 g l-1 d-1 was obtained.<br/><br>
<br/><br>
Hydrogenase driven NADH regeneration using permeabilised whole cells of Alcaligenes eutrophus was shown possible and used for lactate dehydrogenase and horse liver alcohol dehydrogenase (HLADH) catalysed reductions in aqueous media. The immobilisation of the cells in alginate and addition of reducing agents as dithiothreitol improved the stability. The permeabilised whole cell approach was also suitable as NADH regenerating catalyst in aqueous organic two-phase media (i.e. ¾10 % water). The permeabilised cells were co-immobilised together with HLADH and NAD by deposition on Celite. Hydrophobic solvents such as heptane and toluene were found to provide high activity. A turnover of the NAD of 200 and a spacetime yield of 10 g l-1 d-1 was obtained in heptane with 10 % water. Furthermore, the stability of HLADH in dry organic solvents could be well correlated to solvent descriptors by PLS (projection to latent structure) analysis of the data. Finally, Celite immobilised chloroperoxidase from Caldariomyces fumago was shown to be able to catalyse the oxidation of bensyl alcohol using tert-butyl hydroperoxide as oxidant in organic media at water activities above 0.6. Highest enzymatic rate was obtained in water saturated cyclohexane. The apparent Km for bensyl alcohol was 13 mM.}},
  author       = {{Andersson, Mats}},
  isbn         = {{91-628-2843-6}},
  keywords     = {{PLS; coenzyme regeneration; bioelectrocatalysis; hydrogenase; chloroperoxidase; HLADH; Proteus vulgaris; Alcaligenes eutrophus; artificial electron mediator; D-(S)_chlorolactic acid; Biotechnology; Bioteknik}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  publisher    = {{Department of Biotechnology, Lund University}},
  school       = {{Lund University}},
  title        = {{Biocatalysed redox reactions in aqueous and organic media}},
  year         = {{1998}},
}