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Optimal mechanical alloying and spark plasma sintering technique to obtain nanocrystallinity, minimal contamination and enhanced oxidation behaviour in AlCoCrFeNi high entropy alloys

Bhattacharya, Rahul LU ; Gammer, Christoph ; Eckert, Jurgen ; Fabijanic, Daniel and Murty, B.S. (2023) 27th International Symposium on Metastable, Amorphous and Nanostructured Materials Warsaw Poland
Abstract
The effect of the phase constitution of BCC/B2, FCC, Cr7C3 and their microstructural attributes are conspicuous on the hardness properties of AlCoCrFeNi HEAs [1]. The correlation of unsolicited C and O contaminant with process parameters (milling duration/rpm) and process control agent (PCA) categorically established that contamination increases with duration of mechanical alloying (MA) [2] . It is imperative to devise an optimized MA procedure (patent applied under Intellectual Property of India) followed by spark plasma sintering (SPS) leading to reduced contaminant accrual resulting into enhanced hardness and oxidation resistance [3, 4] . Fig. 1 vividly elucidates
that AlCoCrFeNi equiatomic HEA can achieve complete solid solution... (More)
The effect of the phase constitution of BCC/B2, FCC, Cr7C3 and their microstructural attributes are conspicuous on the hardness properties of AlCoCrFeNi HEAs [1]. The correlation of unsolicited C and O contaminant with process parameters (milling duration/rpm) and process control agent (PCA) categorically established that contamination increases with duration of mechanical alloying (MA) [2] . It is imperative to devise an optimized MA procedure (patent applied under Intellectual Property of India) followed by spark plasma sintering (SPS) leading to reduced contaminant accrual resulting into enhanced hardness and oxidation resistance [3, 4] . Fig. 1 vividly elucidates
that AlCoCrFeNi equiatomic HEA can achieve complete solid solution with an optimal milling duration (3-5 h), lower rpm, and toluene PCA (Fig.1(a) XRD). This can be attributed to the high enthalpy of mixing of Al with all other constituent elements. Evidently, the Ni-Al rich BCC phase as well as the Fe-Co rich FCC phase is formed in just 5 h of MA (Fig.1(a) SEM). Moreover, nanocrystalline grain size (Fig.1(b)) with inherent oxide nano-dispersoids is certainly achieved in the 5 h as-milled powder (Fig.1(c)). A brief sintering procedure (SPS) prevents grain growth and leads to a systematic variation of BCC/B2, FCC, and Cr7C3 phase fraction (Fig.1(d)) resulting into a bimodal grain size distribution (Fig.1(e)), enhanced microhardness, and oxidation resistance.

1. Bhattacharya, R., et al., Journal of Materials Research, 2022. 37(4): p. 959-975.
2. Jayasree, R., et al., Materials Letters, 2021. 292.
3. Garg, M., et al., ACS Omega, 2022. 7(15): p. 12589-12600.
4. Anupam, A., et al., Corrosion Science, 2021. 184. (Less)
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type
Contribution to conference
publication status
published
subject
keywords
High entropy alloys, Mechanical alloying, Spark plasma sintering, Microstructural evolution, X ray diffraction, High resolution transmission electron microscopy, Scanning electron microscope (SEM), Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Carbides
conference name
27th International Symposium on Metastable, Amorphous and Nanostructured Materials Warsaw Poland
conference location
Warsaw, Poland
conference dates
2023-08-20 - 2023-08-25
language
English
LU publication?
no
id
cec059a5-d455-4dae-a8bd-1716bfbb4fbf
date added to LUP
2025-09-23 23:16:49
date last changed
2025-10-09 12:31:23
@misc{cec059a5-d455-4dae-a8bd-1716bfbb4fbf,
  abstract     = {{The effect of the phase constitution of BCC/B2, FCC, Cr7C3 and their microstructural attributes are conspicuous on the hardness properties of AlCoCrFeNi HEAs [1]. The correlation of unsolicited C and O contaminant with process parameters (milling duration/rpm) and process control agent (PCA) categorically established that contamination increases with duration of mechanical alloying (MA) [2] . It is imperative to devise an optimized MA procedure (patent applied under Intellectual Property of India) followed by spark plasma sintering (SPS) leading to reduced contaminant accrual resulting into enhanced hardness and oxidation resistance [3, 4] . Fig. 1 vividly elucidates<br/>that AlCoCrFeNi equiatomic HEA can achieve complete solid solution with an optimal milling duration (3-5 h), lower rpm, and toluene PCA (Fig.1(a) XRD). This can be attributed to the high enthalpy of mixing of Al with all other constituent elements. Evidently, the Ni-Al rich BCC phase as well as the Fe-Co rich FCC phase is formed in just 5 h of MA (Fig.1(a) SEM). Moreover, nanocrystalline grain size (Fig.1(b)) with inherent oxide nano-dispersoids is certainly achieved in the 5 h as-milled powder (Fig.1(c)). A brief sintering procedure (SPS) prevents grain growth and leads to a systematic variation of BCC/B2, FCC, and Cr7C3 phase fraction (Fig.1(d)) resulting into a bimodal grain size distribution (Fig.1(e)), enhanced microhardness, and oxidation resistance.<br/><br/>1. Bhattacharya, R., et al., Journal of Materials Research, 2022. 37(4): p. 959-975.<br/>2. Jayasree, R., et al., Materials Letters, 2021. 292.<br/>3. Garg, M., et al., ACS Omega, 2022. 7(15): p. 12589-12600.<br/>4. Anupam, A., et al., Corrosion Science, 2021. 184.}},
  author       = {{Bhattacharya, Rahul and Gammer, Christoph and Eckert, Jurgen and Fabijanic, Daniel and Murty, B.S.}},
  keywords     = {{High entropy alloys; Mechanical alloying; Spark plasma sintering; Microstructural evolution; X ray diffraction; High resolution transmission electron microscopy; Scanning electron microscope (SEM); Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC); Carbides}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  title        = {{Optimal mechanical alloying and spark plasma sintering technique to obtain nanocrystallinity, minimal contamination and enhanced oxidation behaviour in AlCoCrFeNi high entropy alloys}},
  year         = {{2023}},
}