Skip to main content

Lund University Publications

LUND UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES

Infrared Spectroscopy for Online Measurement of Tars, Water, and Permanent Gases in Biomass Gasification

Pushp, Mohit ; Brackmann, Christian LU and Davidsson, Kent (2021) In Applied Spectroscopy 75(6). p.690-697
Abstract

Online measurements of the raw gas composition, including tars and water, during biomass gasification provide valuable information in fundamental investigations and for process control. Mainly consisting of hydrocarbons, tars can, in principle, be measured using Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. However, an instrument subjected to raw gas runs the risk of condensation of tars on optical components and subsequent malfunction. Therefore, an external cell, heated to at least 400 ℃, has been designed to ensure that tars remain in the gas phase during FT-IR measurements. The cell was used for on-line FT-IR measurements of permanent gases (CO, CO2, CH4), water, and tars during the operation of a lab-scale... (More)

Online measurements of the raw gas composition, including tars and water, during biomass gasification provide valuable information in fundamental investigations and for process control. Mainly consisting of hydrocarbons, tars can, in principle, be measured using Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. However, an instrument subjected to raw gas runs the risk of condensation of tars on optical components and subsequent malfunction. Therefore, an external cell, heated to at least 400 ℃, has been designed to ensure that tars remain in the gas phase during FT-IR measurements. The cell was used for on-line FT-IR measurements of permanent gases (CO, CO2, CH4), water, and tars during the operation of a lab-scale downdraft gasifier using wood pellets, bark pellets, and char chips. Based on calibration, the measurement error of permanent gases was estimated to be 0.2%. Concentrations evaluated from spectral signatures of hydrocarbons in tar are in good agreement with results from solid-phase adsorption measurements and correlated well with operational changes in the gasifier. (Figure presented.).

(Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
; and
organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
keywords
gasification, hydrocarbons, infrared spectroscopy, On-line tars
in
Applied Spectroscopy
volume
75
issue
6
pages
8 pages
publisher
Society for Applied Spectroscopy
external identifiers
  • scopus:85101132274
  • pmid:33599525
ISSN
0003-7028
DOI
10.1177/0003702821991891
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
d1ce5bfe-dd85-45bb-8fee-f57eb2499ad2
date added to LUP
2022-03-04 16:18:57
date last changed
2025-01-14 07:48:21
@article{d1ce5bfe-dd85-45bb-8fee-f57eb2499ad2,
  abstract     = {{<p>Online measurements of the raw gas composition, including tars and water, during biomass gasification provide valuable information in fundamental investigations and for process control. Mainly consisting of hydrocarbons, tars can, in principle, be measured using Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. However, an instrument subjected to raw gas runs the risk of condensation of tars on optical components and subsequent malfunction. Therefore, an external cell, heated to at least 400 ℃, has been designed to ensure that tars remain in the gas phase during FT-IR measurements. The cell was used for on-line FT-IR measurements of permanent gases (CO, CO<sub>2</sub>, CH<sub>4</sub>), water, and tars during the operation of a lab-scale downdraft gasifier using wood pellets, bark pellets, and char chips. Based on calibration, the measurement error of permanent gases was estimated to be 0.2%. Concentrations evaluated from spectral signatures of hydrocarbons in tar are in good agreement with results from solid-phase adsorption measurements and correlated well with operational changes in the gasifier. (Figure presented.).</p>}},
  author       = {{Pushp, Mohit and Brackmann, Christian and Davidsson, Kent}},
  issn         = {{0003-7028}},
  keywords     = {{gasification; hydrocarbons; infrared spectroscopy; On-line tars}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{6}},
  pages        = {{690--697}},
  publisher    = {{Society for Applied Spectroscopy}},
  series       = {{Applied Spectroscopy}},
  title        = {{Infrared Spectroscopy for Online Measurement of Tars, Water, and Permanent Gases in Biomass Gasification}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0003702821991891}},
  doi          = {{10.1177/0003702821991891}},
  volume       = {{75}},
  year         = {{2021}},
}