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Persistence of vaccine-derived poliovirus following a mass vaccination campaign in Cuba : implications for stopping polio vaccination after global eradication

Más Lago, P ; Cáceres, V M ; Galindo, M A ; Gary, H E ; Valcarcel, M ; Barrios, J ; Sarmiento, L LU ; Avalos, I ; Bravo, J A and Palomera, R , et al. (2001) In International Journal of Epidemiology 30(5). p.1029-1034
Abstract

BACKGROUND: With substantial progress made toward polio eradication, developing the appropriate strategy for discontinuing global oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV) after global eradication becomes increasingly important. At issue is the theoretical risk of independent circulation of potentially virulent OPV-derived strains. Because Cuba uses OPV only in mass campaigns, it represents an ideal site to assess vaccine-derived poliovirus persistence.

METHODS: Infants born after the 1997 biannual mass campaigns were evaluated for past (neutralizing antibody) or current (virus excretion) evidence of vaccine-derived poliovirus exposure. We obtained sera and/or stool specimens from 861 infants; a second serum from 218 infants.

RESULTS:... (More)

BACKGROUND: With substantial progress made toward polio eradication, developing the appropriate strategy for discontinuing global oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV) after global eradication becomes increasingly important. At issue is the theoretical risk of independent circulation of potentially virulent OPV-derived strains. Because Cuba uses OPV only in mass campaigns, it represents an ideal site to assess vaccine-derived poliovirus persistence.

METHODS: Infants born after the 1997 biannual mass campaigns were evaluated for past (neutralizing antibody) or current (virus excretion) evidence of vaccine-derived poliovirus exposure. We obtained sera and/or stool specimens from 861 infants; a second serum from 218 infants.

RESULTS: All stool specimens were poliovirus negative. Of 762 infants, 113 (14.8%) had initially detectable poliovirus type 1 antibody, 193 (25.3%) type 2, and 94 (12.3%) type 3. A precipitous antibody decline occurred in initially positive sera.

CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that in a country with high population immunity, vaccine-derived virus is unlikely to establish ongoing circulation.

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publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
keywords
Cuba/epidemiology, Global Health, Humans, Immunization Programs, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Poliomyelitis/epidemiology, Poliovirus Vaccine, Oral
in
International Journal of Epidemiology
volume
30
issue
5
pages
1029 - 1034
publisher
Oxford University Press
external identifiers
  • pmid:11689516
  • scopus:0035158165
ISSN
0300-5771
DOI
10.1093/ije/30.5.1029
language
English
LU publication?
no
id
dae240a4-258b-4897-ac67-847654b87308
date added to LUP
2019-07-08 15:12:14
date last changed
2024-04-02 14:11:40
@article{dae240a4-258b-4897-ac67-847654b87308,
  abstract     = {{<p>BACKGROUND: With substantial progress made toward polio eradication, developing the appropriate strategy for discontinuing global oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV) after global eradication becomes increasingly important. At issue is the theoretical risk of independent circulation of potentially virulent OPV-derived strains. Because Cuba uses OPV only in mass campaigns, it represents an ideal site to assess vaccine-derived poliovirus persistence.</p><p>METHODS: Infants born after the 1997 biannual mass campaigns were evaluated for past (neutralizing antibody) or current (virus excretion) evidence of vaccine-derived poliovirus exposure. We obtained sera and/or stool specimens from 861 infants; a second serum from 218 infants.</p><p>RESULTS: All stool specimens were poliovirus negative. Of 762 infants, 113 (14.8%) had initially detectable poliovirus type 1 antibody, 193 (25.3%) type 2, and 94 (12.3%) type 3. A precipitous antibody decline occurred in initially positive sera.</p><p>CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that in a country with high population immunity, vaccine-derived virus is unlikely to establish ongoing circulation.</p>}},
  author       = {{Más Lago, P and Cáceres, V M and Galindo, M A and Gary, H E and Valcarcel, M and Barrios, J and Sarmiento, L and Avalos, I and Bravo, J A and Palomera, R and Bello, M and Sutter, R W and Pallansch, M A and de Quadros, C A}},
  issn         = {{0300-5771}},
  keywords     = {{Cuba/epidemiology; Global Health; Humans; Immunization Programs; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Poliomyelitis/epidemiology; Poliovirus Vaccine, Oral}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{5}},
  pages        = {{1029--1034}},
  publisher    = {{Oxford University Press}},
  series       = {{International Journal of Epidemiology}},
  title        = {{Persistence of vaccine-derived poliovirus following a mass vaccination campaign in Cuba : implications for stopping polio vaccination after global eradication}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ije/30.5.1029}},
  doi          = {{10.1093/ije/30.5.1029}},
  volume       = {{30}},
  year         = {{2001}},
}