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Oral fungal profiling and risk of nasopharyngeal carcinoma : a population-based case-control study

Chen, Yufeng ; Li, Wanxin ; Chang, Ellen T ; Debelius, Justine W ; Manoharan, Lokeshwaran LU orcid ; Zheng, Yuming ; Li, Yancheng ; Huang, Guangwu ; Adami, Hans-Olov and Knight, Rob , et al. (2023) In EBioMedicine 96.
Abstract

BACKGROUND: Dysbiosis of the oral mycobiome has been linked to some diseases, including cancers. However, the role of oral fungal communities in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) carcinogenesis has not previously been investigated.

METHODS: We characterized the oral salivary fungal mycobiome in 476 untreated incident NPC patients and 537 population-based controls using fungal internal transcribed spacer (ITS)-2 sequencing. The relationship between oral fungal mycobiome and the risk of NPC was assessed through bioinformatic and biostatistical analyses.

FINDINGS: We found that lower fungal alpha diversity was associated with an increased odds of NPC [lower vs. higher: observed features (adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 5.81, 95%... (More)

BACKGROUND: Dysbiosis of the oral mycobiome has been linked to some diseases, including cancers. However, the role of oral fungal communities in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) carcinogenesis has not previously been investigated.

METHODS: We characterized the oral salivary fungal mycobiome in 476 untreated incident NPC patients and 537 population-based controls using fungal internal transcribed spacer (ITS)-2 sequencing. The relationship between oral fungal mycobiome and the risk of NPC was assessed through bioinformatic and biostatistical analyses.

FINDINGS: We found that lower fungal alpha diversity was associated with an increased odds of NPC [lower vs. higher: observed features (adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 5.81, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 3.60-9.38); Simpson diversity (1.53, 1.03-2.29); Shannon diversity (2.03, 1.35-3.04)]. We also observed a significant difference in global fungal community patterns between cases and controls based on Bray-Curtis dissimilarity (P < 0.001). Carriage of oral fungal species, specifically, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Candida tropicalis, Lodderomyces elongisporus, Candida albicans, and Fusarium poae, was associated with significantly higher odds of NPC, with ORs ranging from 1.56 to 4.66. Individuals with both low fungal and low bacterial alpha diversity had a profoundly elevated risk of NPC.

INTERPRETATION: Our results suggest that dysbiosis in the oral mycobiome, characterized by a loss of fungal community diversity and overgrowth of several fungal organisms, is associated with a substantially increased risk of NPC.

FUNDING: This work was funded by the US National Institutes of Health, the Swedish Research Council, the High-level Talents Research Start-up Project of Fujian Medical University, and the China Scholarship Council.

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organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
in
EBioMedicine
volume
96
article number
104813
publisher
Elsevier
external identifiers
  • scopus:85172237969
  • pmid:37776725
ISSN
2352-3964
DOI
10.1016/j.ebiom.2023.104813
language
English
LU publication?
yes
additional info
Copyright © 2023 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
id
dc6f9c78-0279-45f3-9d7b-94c2b7799481
date added to LUP
2023-10-02 00:33:41
date last changed
2024-04-21 19:31:42
@article{dc6f9c78-0279-45f3-9d7b-94c2b7799481,
  abstract     = {{<p>BACKGROUND: Dysbiosis of the oral mycobiome has been linked to some diseases, including cancers. However, the role of oral fungal communities in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) carcinogenesis has not previously been investigated.</p><p>METHODS: We characterized the oral salivary fungal mycobiome in 476 untreated incident NPC patients and 537 population-based controls using fungal internal transcribed spacer (ITS)-2 sequencing. The relationship between oral fungal mycobiome and the risk of NPC was assessed through bioinformatic and biostatistical analyses.</p><p>FINDINGS: We found that lower fungal alpha diversity was associated with an increased odds of NPC [lower vs. higher: observed features (adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 5.81, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 3.60-9.38); Simpson diversity (1.53, 1.03-2.29); Shannon diversity (2.03, 1.35-3.04)]. We also observed a significant difference in global fungal community patterns between cases and controls based on Bray-Curtis dissimilarity (P &lt; 0.001). Carriage of oral fungal species, specifically, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Candida tropicalis, Lodderomyces elongisporus, Candida albicans, and Fusarium poae, was associated with significantly higher odds of NPC, with ORs ranging from 1.56 to 4.66. Individuals with both low fungal and low bacterial alpha diversity had a profoundly elevated risk of NPC.</p><p>INTERPRETATION: Our results suggest that dysbiosis in the oral mycobiome, characterized by a loss of fungal community diversity and overgrowth of several fungal organisms, is associated with a substantially increased risk of NPC.</p><p>FUNDING: This work was funded by the US National Institutes of Health, the Swedish Research Council, the High-level Talents Research Start-up Project of Fujian Medical University, and the China Scholarship Council.</p>}},
  author       = {{Chen, Yufeng and Li, Wanxin and Chang, Ellen T and Debelius, Justine W and Manoharan, Lokeshwaran and Zheng, Yuming and Li, Yancheng and Huang, Guangwu and Adami, Hans-Olov and Knight, Rob and Cai, Yonglin and Zhang, Zhe and Ye, Weimin}},
  issn         = {{2352-3964}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  month        = {{09}},
  publisher    = {{Elsevier}},
  series       = {{EBioMedicine}},
  title        = {{Oral fungal profiling and risk of nasopharyngeal carcinoma : a population-based case-control study}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ebiom.2023.104813}},
  doi          = {{10.1016/j.ebiom.2023.104813}},
  volume       = {{96}},
  year         = {{2023}},
}