Alterations in attentional processing in youth with misophonia: A phenotypical cross-comparison with anxiety patients
(2024) In Journal of Affective Disorders 347. p.429-436- Abstract
- Background
Misophonia is a complex condition characterized by extreme emotional distress in response to specific sounds or specific visual stimuli. Despite a growing body of clinical and neuroscientific literature, the etiology of this condition remains unclear. Hyperarousal, that is, a state of heightened alertness and disinhibition, as a core feature of misophonia is supported by behavioral and neuroimaging literature and might represent a viable clinical target for the development of both behavioral and pharmacological interventions. The aim of this study was to investigate how hyperarousal might be linked to neurocognitive processes associated with vigilance and stimulus discrimination in youth with... (More) - Background
Misophonia is a complex condition characterized by extreme emotional distress in response to specific sounds or specific visual stimuli. Despite a growing body of clinical and neuroscientific literature, the etiology of this condition remains unclear. Hyperarousal, that is, a state of heightened alertness and disinhibition, as a core feature of misophonia is supported by behavioral and neuroimaging literature and might represent a viable clinical target for the development of both behavioral and pharmacological interventions. The aim of this study was to investigate how hyperarousal might be linked to neurocognitive processes associated with vigilance and stimulus discrimination in youth with misophonia.
Methods
We compared 72 children and adolescents with misophonia (13.74 ± 2.44 years) (64 % female) and 89 children and adolescents with anxiety (12.35 ± 2.57 years) (58.4 % female) on behavioral and signal detection performance of the immediate memory task (IMT). Anxiety patients were used as a clinical control group to distinguish attentional processes specific for misophonia.
Results
Both groups demonstrated similar behavioral performance, including response rate and reaction time. However, misophonia was associated with elevated stimulus discrimination (d prime), which in turn was positively correlated with the severity of misophonia trigger reports.
Conclusions
Our findings are in line with previous cognitive and neuroimaging studies, and support an arousal-based model of misophonia, where individuals with misophonia experience a state of heightened vigilance, being more aware of stimuli in the environment. Our findings provide a neurocognitive basis for future study of neurochemical imaging that might further progress towards clinical targets.
(Less)
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- author
- organization
- publishing date
- 2024
- type
- Contribution to journal
- publication status
- published
- subject
- in
- Journal of Affective Disorders
- volume
- 347
- pages
- 429 - 436
- publisher
- Elsevier
- external identifiers
-
- scopus:85179105395
- pmid:38042307
- ISSN
- 0165-0327
- DOI
- 10.1016/j.jad.2023.11.088
- language
- English
- LU publication?
- yes
- id
- ddf9a1d9-a8d1-4b70-b915-5cebf10d958d
- date added to LUP
- 2024-01-05 20:15:01
- date last changed
- 2024-04-06 03:00:07
@article{ddf9a1d9-a8d1-4b70-b915-5cebf10d958d,
abstract = {{Background<br/>Misophonia is a complex condition characterized by extreme emotional distress in response to specific sounds or specific visual stimuli. Despite a growing body of clinical and neuroscientific literature, the etiology of this condition remains unclear. Hyperarousal, that is, a state of heightened alertness and disinhibition, as a core feature of misophonia is supported by behavioral and neuroimaging literature and might represent a viable clinical target for the development of both behavioral and pharmacological interventions. The aim of this study was to investigate how hyperarousal might be linked to neurocognitive processes associated with vigilance and stimulus discrimination in youth with misophonia.<br/><br/>Methods<br/>We compared 72 children and adolescents with misophonia (13.74 ± 2.44 years) (64 % female) and 89 children and adolescents with anxiety (12.35 ± 2.57 years) (58.4 % female) on behavioral and signal detection performance of the immediate memory task (IMT). Anxiety patients were used as a clinical control group to distinguish attentional processes specific for misophonia.<br/><br/>Results<br/>Both groups demonstrated similar behavioral performance, including response rate and reaction time. However, misophonia was associated with elevated stimulus discrimination (d prime), which in turn was positively correlated with the severity of misophonia trigger reports.<br/><br/>Conclusions<br/>Our findings are in line with previous cognitive and neuroimaging studies, and support an arousal-based model of misophonia, where individuals with misophonia experience a state of heightened vigilance, being more aware of stimuli in the environment. Our findings provide a neurocognitive basis for future study of neurochemical imaging that might further progress towards clinical targets.<br/><br/>}},
author = {{Murphy, Nicholas and Lijffijt, Marijn and Guzick, Andrew and Cervin, Matti and Clinger, Jane and Smith, Eleanor and Draper, Isabel and Rast, Catherine and Goodman, Wayne and Schneider, Sophie C. and Storch, Eric}},
issn = {{0165-0327}},
language = {{eng}},
pages = {{429--436}},
publisher = {{Elsevier}},
series = {{Journal of Affective Disorders}},
title = {{Alterations in attentional processing in youth with misophonia: A phenotypical cross-comparison with anxiety patients}},
url = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2023.11.088}},
doi = {{10.1016/j.jad.2023.11.088}},
volume = {{347}},
year = {{2024}},
}