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Absorption and Effects of Patch Test Preparations of Hydroperoxides of Limonene and Hydroperoxides of Linalool in Human Ex Vivo Skin

Clancy, Aoife ; Hagvall, Lina LU orcid ; Malmberg, Per and O'Boyle, Niamh M. (2026) In Contact Dermatitis
Abstract

Background: Limonene and linalool are fragrance terpenes that undergo autoxidation to sensitizing hydroperoxides. This study assessed the penetration of limonene hydroperoxide and linalool hydroperoxide from patch test preparations in ex vivo human skin samples, alongside analysing the effects of the patch test preparations on the composition of skin lipids, using Time-of-Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (ToF-SIMS). Methods: NativeSkin Access human skin biopsies were treated with commercially available patch test preparations ‘hydroperoxides of linalool (1.0%)’ or ‘hydroperoxides of limonene (0.3%)’. ToF-SIMS analysis was performed to assess skin penetration of limonene hydroperoxide and linalool hydroperoxide and assess changes... (More)

Background: Limonene and linalool are fragrance terpenes that undergo autoxidation to sensitizing hydroperoxides. This study assessed the penetration of limonene hydroperoxide and linalool hydroperoxide from patch test preparations in ex vivo human skin samples, alongside analysing the effects of the patch test preparations on the composition of skin lipids, using Time-of-Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (ToF-SIMS). Methods: NativeSkin Access human skin biopsies were treated with commercially available patch test preparations ‘hydroperoxides of linalool (1.0%)’ or ‘hydroperoxides of limonene (0.3%)’. ToF-SIMS analysis was performed to assess skin penetration of limonene hydroperoxide and linalool hydroperoxide and assess changes in endogenous lipids. Results: ToF-SIMS analysis showed that limonene hydroperoxide and linalool hydroperoxide remain mainly confined to the stratum corneum. Multivariate analysis indicated that the chemical composition of the stratum corneum differed in the patch test exposed skin in comparison to control samples. There were significant changes in the intensity of several lipid species upon exposure to the patch test exposed skin. Conclusion: Absorption of limonene hydroperoxide and linalool hydroperoxide occurs from patch test preparations. Skin exposure to these preparations can alter the skin lipidome.

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author
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organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
epub
subject
in
Contact Dermatitis
publisher
Wiley-Blackwell
external identifiers
  • pmid:42020135
  • scopus:105036405583
ISSN
0105-1873
DOI
10.1111/cod.70157
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
df76e69d-b5b2-4960-a4fc-24b984949032
date added to LUP
2026-06-24 12:24:12
date last changed
2026-09-04 00:24:54
@article{df76e69d-b5b2-4960-a4fc-24b984949032,
  abstract     = {{<p>Background: Limonene and linalool are fragrance terpenes that undergo autoxidation to sensitizing hydroperoxides. This study assessed the penetration of limonene hydroperoxide and linalool hydroperoxide from patch test preparations in ex vivo human skin samples, alongside analysing the effects of the patch test preparations on the composition of skin lipids, using Time-of-Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (ToF-SIMS). Methods: NativeSkin Access human skin biopsies were treated with commercially available patch test preparations ‘hydroperoxides of linalool (1.0%)’ or ‘hydroperoxides of limonene (0.3%)’. ToF-SIMS analysis was performed to assess skin penetration of limonene hydroperoxide and linalool hydroperoxide and assess changes in endogenous lipids. Results: ToF-SIMS analysis showed that limonene hydroperoxide and linalool hydroperoxide remain mainly confined to the stratum corneum. Multivariate analysis indicated that the chemical composition of the stratum corneum differed in the patch test exposed skin in comparison to control samples. There were significant changes in the intensity of several lipid species upon exposure to the patch test exposed skin. Conclusion: Absorption of limonene hydroperoxide and linalool hydroperoxide occurs from patch test preparations. Skin exposure to these preparations can alter the skin lipidome.</p>}},
  author       = {{Clancy, Aoife and Hagvall, Lina and Malmberg, Per and O'Boyle, Niamh M.}},
  issn         = {{0105-1873}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  publisher    = {{Wiley-Blackwell}},
  series       = {{Contact Dermatitis}},
  title        = {{Absorption and Effects of Patch Test Preparations of Hydroperoxides of Limonene and Hydroperoxides of Linalool in Human Ex Vivo Skin}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cod.70157}},
  doi          = {{10.1111/cod.70157}},
  year         = {{2026}},
}