Concrete alteration due to 55 years of exposure to river water : Chemical and mineralogical characterisation
(2017) In Cement and Concrete Research 92. p.110-120- Abstract
This article presents a study on concrete alteration mechanisms due to 55 years of exposure to river water. Many hydro power structures in cold regions suffer from concrete deterioration at the waterline. Progressive disintegration of the concrete surface leads to exposure of the coarse aggregate and eventually the reinforcing steel. Concrete cylinders drilled out at four vertically different locations on the upstream face of a concrete dam were analysed by electron microprobe analysis, X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetry and scanning electron microscopy. Long-term exposure to the river water, which is regarded as soft water, has led to chemical and mineralogical zonation of the cement paste. Up to five zones with different chemical and... (More)
This article presents a study on concrete alteration mechanisms due to 55 years of exposure to river water. Many hydro power structures in cold regions suffer from concrete deterioration at the waterline. Progressive disintegration of the concrete surface leads to exposure of the coarse aggregate and eventually the reinforcing steel. Concrete cylinders drilled out at four vertically different locations on the upstream face of a concrete dam were analysed by electron microprobe analysis, X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetry and scanning electron microscopy. Long-term exposure to the river water, which is regarded as soft water, has led to chemical and mineralogical zonation of the cement paste. Up to five zones with different chemical and mineralogical composition, parallel to the upstream face, were observed in the outermost 8–9 mm of the concrete. Decalcification, precipitation of secondary ettringite and the formation of a magnesium-rich silica gel constitute the major changes that define the zones.
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- author
- Rosenqvist, Martin LU ; Bertron, Alexandra ; Fridh, Katja LU and Hassanzadeh, Manouchehr LU
- organization
- publishing date
- 2017-02-01
- type
- Contribution to journal
- publication status
- published
- subject
- keywords
- Characterisation [B], Concrete [E], EPMA, Long-term performance [C], Portland cement [D]
- in
- Cement and Concrete Research
- volume
- 92
- pages
- 11 pages
- publisher
- Elsevier
- external identifiers
-
- wos:000393006400012
- scopus:85001022031
- ISSN
- 0008-8846
- DOI
- 10.1016/j.cemconres.2016.11.012
- language
- English
- LU publication?
- yes
- id
- e50c4559-ea5e-46f9-95d2-d2e8caf7ef34
- date added to LUP
- 2017-02-03 12:26:54
- date last changed
- 2025-01-07 05:57:16
@article{e50c4559-ea5e-46f9-95d2-d2e8caf7ef34,
abstract = {{<p>This article presents a study on concrete alteration mechanisms due to 55 years of exposure to river water. Many hydro power structures in cold regions suffer from concrete deterioration at the waterline. Progressive disintegration of the concrete surface leads to exposure of the coarse aggregate and eventually the reinforcing steel. Concrete cylinders drilled out at four vertically different locations on the upstream face of a concrete dam were analysed by electron microprobe analysis, X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetry and scanning electron microscopy. Long-term exposure to the river water, which is regarded as soft water, has led to chemical and mineralogical zonation of the cement paste. Up to five zones with different chemical and mineralogical composition, parallel to the upstream face, were observed in the outermost 8–9 mm of the concrete. Decalcification, precipitation of secondary ettringite and the formation of a magnesium-rich silica gel constitute the major changes that define the zones.</p>}},
author = {{Rosenqvist, Martin and Bertron, Alexandra and Fridh, Katja and Hassanzadeh, Manouchehr}},
issn = {{0008-8846}},
keywords = {{Characterisation [B]; Concrete [E]; EPMA; Long-term performance [C]; Portland cement [D]}},
language = {{eng}},
month = {{02}},
pages = {{110--120}},
publisher = {{Elsevier}},
series = {{Cement and Concrete Research}},
title = {{Concrete alteration due to 55 years of exposure to river water : Chemical and mineralogical characterisation}},
url = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2016.11.012}},
doi = {{10.1016/j.cemconres.2016.11.012}},
volume = {{92}},
year = {{2017}},
}