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Kala-azar outbreak in Libo Kemkem, Ethiopia : epidemiologic and parasitologic assessment

Alvar, Jorge ; Bashaye, Seife ; Argaw, Daniel ; Cruz, Israel ; Aparicio, Pilar ; Kassa, Askal ; Orfanos, Giannos LU orcid ; Parreño, Fernando ; Babaniyi, Olusegan and Gudeta, Nigussu , et al. (2007) In American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 77(2). p.82-275
Abstract

In May 2005, visceral leishmaniasis (VL) was recognized for the first time in Libo Kemkem, Ethiopia. In October 2005, a rapid assessment was conducted using data from 492 patients with VL treated in the district health center and a household survey of 584 residents of four villages. One subdistrict accounted for 71% of early cases, but the incidence and number of affected subdistricts increased progressively throughout 2004-2005. In household-based data, we identified 9 treated VL cases, 12 current untreated cases, and 19 deaths attributable to VL (cumulative incidence, 7%). Thirty percent of participants were leishmanin skin test positive (men, 34%; women, 26%; P = 0.06). VL was more common in men than women (9.7% versus 4.5%, P <... (More)

In May 2005, visceral leishmaniasis (VL) was recognized for the first time in Libo Kemkem, Ethiopia. In October 2005, a rapid assessment was conducted using data from 492 patients with VL treated in the district health center and a household survey of 584 residents of four villages. One subdistrict accounted for 71% of early cases, but the incidence and number of affected subdistricts increased progressively throughout 2004-2005. In household-based data, we identified 9 treated VL cases, 12 current untreated cases, and 19 deaths attributable to VL (cumulative incidence, 7%). Thirty percent of participants were leishmanin skin test positive (men, 34%; women, 26%; P = 0.06). VL was more common in men than women (9.7% versus 4.5%, P < 0.05), possibly reflecting male outdoor sleeping habits. Molecular typing in splenic aspirates showed L. infantum (six) and L. donovani (one). Local transmission resulted from multiple introductions, is now well established, and will be difficult to eradicate.

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type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
keywords
Adolescent, Adult, Agglutination Tests, Animals, Child, Child, Preschool, DNA, Intergenic/chemistry, DNA, Protozoan/chemistry, Disease Outbreaks, Ethiopia/epidemiology, Female, Humans, Incidence, Infant, Leishmania/genetics, Leishmaniasis, Visceral/epidemiology, Male, Middle Aged, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Rural Population, Skin Tests, Surveys and Questionnaires
in
American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
volume
77
issue
2
pages
82 - 275
publisher
American Society of Tropcial Medicine & Hygiene
external identifiers
  • scopus:34848818797
  • pmid:17690399
ISSN
0002-9637
language
English
LU publication?
no
id
eb3d7786-7fbd-40fb-a6a5-54814dc5759e
alternative location
https://core.ac.uk/reader/9416961?utm_source=linkout
date added to LUP
2021-09-01 15:57:54
date last changed
2024-04-06 08:57:48
@article{eb3d7786-7fbd-40fb-a6a5-54814dc5759e,
  abstract     = {{<p>In May 2005, visceral leishmaniasis (VL) was recognized for the first time in Libo Kemkem, Ethiopia. In October 2005, a rapid assessment was conducted using data from 492 patients with VL treated in the district health center and a household survey of 584 residents of four villages. One subdistrict accounted for 71% of early cases, but the incidence and number of affected subdistricts increased progressively throughout 2004-2005. In household-based data, we identified 9 treated VL cases, 12 current untreated cases, and 19 deaths attributable to VL (cumulative incidence, 7%). Thirty percent of participants were leishmanin skin test positive (men, 34%; women, 26%; P = 0.06). VL was more common in men than women (9.7% versus 4.5%, P &lt; 0.05), possibly reflecting male outdoor sleeping habits. Molecular typing in splenic aspirates showed L. infantum (six) and L. donovani (one). Local transmission resulted from multiple introductions, is now well established, and will be difficult to eradicate.</p>}},
  author       = {{Alvar, Jorge and Bashaye, Seife and Argaw, Daniel and Cruz, Israel and Aparicio, Pilar and Kassa, Askal and Orfanos, Giannos and Parreño, Fernando and Babaniyi, Olusegan and Gudeta, Nigussu and Cañavate, Carmen and Bern, Caryn}},
  issn         = {{0002-9637}},
  keywords     = {{Adolescent; Adult; Agglutination Tests; Animals; Child; Child, Preschool; DNA, Intergenic/chemistry; DNA, Protozoan/chemistry; Disease Outbreaks; Ethiopia/epidemiology; Female; Humans; Incidence; Infant; Leishmania/genetics; Leishmaniasis, Visceral/epidemiology; Male; Middle Aged; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Rural Population; Skin Tests; Surveys and Questionnaires}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{2}},
  pages        = {{82--275}},
  publisher    = {{American Society of Tropcial Medicine & Hygiene}},
  series       = {{American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene}},
  title        = {{Kala-azar outbreak in Libo Kemkem, Ethiopia : epidemiologic and parasitologic assessment}},
  url          = {{https://core.ac.uk/reader/9416961?utm_source=linkout}},
  volume       = {{77}},
  year         = {{2007}},
}