Beta Cell Antigens
Plesner, A and Lernmark, Åke LU
(1998)
In Immunology and Medicine Series
27.
p.113-144
- Abstract
- Insulin-dependent (type 1) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is classified as an autoimmune disorder, since it is associated with specific autoimmunity towards the insulin-producing cells in the islets of Langerhans. The disease process that results in IDDM is not fully understood and whether it is initiated by endogenous or exogenous antigens, or a combination, remains to be clarified. The clinical onset of IDDM is characterized by weight loss and an abrupt or gradual onset of hyperglycaemia; dependence on insulin injections to sustain life; presence of different types of islet cell autoantibodies in more than 90% of patients, although this is not possible to document in the individual patient and lymphocytic infiltration of the islets of... (More)
- Insulin-dependent (type 1) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is classified as an autoimmune disorder, since it is associated with specific autoimmunity towards the insulin-producing cells in the islets of Langerhans. The disease process that results in IDDM is not fully understood and whether it is initiated by endogenous or exogenous antigens, or a combination, remains to be clarified. The clinical onset of IDDM is characterized by weight loss and an abrupt or gradual onset of hyperglycaemia; dependence on insulin injections to sustain life; presence of different types of islet cell autoantibodies in more than 90% of patients, although this is not possible to document in the individual patient and lymphocytic infiltration of the islets of Langerhans (insulitis) in about 60% of patients [1,2]. While mononuclear cell infiltration of the pancreatic islets was described in the last century, it was not until 1965 that a systematic study [1] documented the presence of insulinitis in patients with IDDM of short duration. Later it was demonstrated that the β cells were specifically eradicated [3]. Subsequent observations that organ-specific autoimmune diseases are more common among patients with IDDM [4]–6] and that IDDM was associated with certain HLA types [7,8] further supported the notion of IDDM as an autoimmune disorder. The demonstration of islet cell antibodies (ICA) using an indirect immunofluorescence test on frozen sections of human blood group pancreas [9,10] was additional evidence of islet autoimmunity. (Less)
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- author
- Plesner, A
and Lernmark, Åke
LU
- publishing date
- 1998
- type
- Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding
- publication status
- published
- subject
- keywords
- Islet Cell, Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase, Glutamate Decarboxylase, Islet Cell Antibody, IDDM Patient
- host publication
- Endocrine Autoimmunity and Associated Conditions
- series title
- Immunology and Medicine Series
- editor
- Weetman, Anthony P.
- volume
- 27
- pages
- 31 pages
- publisher
- Kluwer Academic Publishers
- ISBN
- 0792350421
- 978-94-011-5044-6
- DOI
- 10.1007/978-94-011-5044-6_7
- language
- English
- LU publication?
- no
- additional info
- Autoimmunity is the most common cause of endocrine disorders. This volume provides an up-to-date summary of recent advances in this important field. In addition, it describes developments in our understanding of conditions such as vitiligo and pernicious anaemia which are frequently associated with autoimmune endocrinopathies. There is a detailed review of animal models of endocrine disease which have contributed greatly to current knowledge. Furthermore, the aetiology, pathogenesis and treatment of the clinical disorders are discussed in depth. The book will be of interest to anyone working in the areas of endocrinology and immunology.
- id
- eee81a7b-530b-47e3-bf09-21f18e628527
- date added to LUP
- 2021-09-22 15:57:13
- date last changed
- 2024-03-13 08:26:15
@inbook{eee81a7b-530b-47e3-bf09-21f18e628527,
abstract = {{Insulin-dependent (type 1) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is classified as an autoimmune disorder, since it is associated with specific autoimmunity towards the insulin-producing cells in the islets of Langerhans. The disease process that results in IDDM is not fully understood and whether it is initiated by endogenous or exogenous antigens, or a combination, remains to be clarified. The clinical onset of IDDM is characterized by weight loss and an abrupt or gradual onset of hyperglycaemia; dependence on insulin injections to sustain life; presence of different types of islet cell autoantibodies in more than 90% of patients, although this is not possible to document in the individual patient and lymphocytic infiltration of the islets of Langerhans (insulitis) in about 60% of patients [1,2]. While mononuclear cell infiltration of the pancreatic islets was described in the last century, it was not until 1965 that a systematic study [1] documented the presence of insulinitis in patients with IDDM of short duration. Later it was demonstrated that the β cells were specifically eradicated [3]. Subsequent observations that organ-specific autoimmune diseases are more common among patients with IDDM [4]–6] and that IDDM was associated with certain HLA types [7,8] further supported the notion of IDDM as an autoimmune disorder. The demonstration of islet cell antibodies (ICA) using an indirect immunofluorescence test on frozen sections of human blood group pancreas [9,10] was additional evidence of islet autoimmunity.}},
author = {{Plesner, A and Lernmark, Åke}},
booktitle = {{Endocrine Autoimmunity and Associated Conditions}},
editor = {{Weetman, Anthony P.}},
isbn = {{0792350421}},
keywords = {{Islet Cell; Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase; Glutamate Decarboxylase; Islet Cell Antibody; IDDM Patient}},
language = {{eng}},
pages = {{113--144}},
publisher = {{Kluwer Academic Publishers}},
series = {{Immunology and Medicine Series}},
title = {{Beta Cell Antigens}},
url = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5044-6_7}},
doi = {{10.1007/978-94-011-5044-6_7}},
volume = {{27}},
year = {{1998}},
}