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A comparison in women with newly diagnosed diabetes between those with and without a history of gestational diabetes : a new perspective

Stogianni, Anna LU ; Melin, Eva LU ; Dereke, Jonathan LU orcid ; Rööst, Mattias LU ; Hillman, Magnus LU ; Landin-Olsson, Mona LU ; Wanby, Pär and Thunander, Maria LU (2023) In Acta Diabetologica 60(8). p.1055-1062
Abstract

Aims: Previous gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) entails increased risk of future diabetes. We describe the characteristics of women with previous GDM and compare with no previous GDM from the cohort Diabetes in Kalmar and Kronoberg (DKK) of 1248 adults, 40% women, with new diabetes, and factors affecting age and C-peptide levels at diagnosis of diabetes. Methods: Age-at-diagnosis of diabetes, BMI, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, smoking, physical activity, and pre-existing myocardial infarction, stroke, or peripheral arterial insufficiency were registered at ordinary care visits close to diagnosis of diabetes, for the 43 women (9.4% of 456 from DKK with complete data for this analysis) with self-reported previous GDM (yes/no) and 86... (More)

Aims: Previous gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) entails increased risk of future diabetes. We describe the characteristics of women with previous GDM and compare with no previous GDM from the cohort Diabetes in Kalmar and Kronoberg (DKK) of 1248 adults, 40% women, with new diabetes, and factors affecting age and C-peptide levels at diagnosis of diabetes. Methods: Age-at-diagnosis of diabetes, BMI, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, smoking, physical activity, and pre-existing myocardial infarction, stroke, or peripheral arterial insufficiency were registered at ordinary care visits close to diagnosis of diabetes, for the 43 women (9.4% of 456 from DKK with complete data for this analysis) with self-reported previous GDM (yes/no) and 86 controls without it, matched for date of diagnosis of diabetes. Blood samples were centrally analyzed for GADA and C-peptide for classification of diabetes. Results: Women with previous GDM had lower mean age-at-diagnosis of diabetes, 53.4 vs 65.0 years, lower systolic blood pressure (SBP), 131.2 vs 137.5 mmHg, and fewer had pre-existing hypertension than without previous GDM (p < 0.001–0.05). Among antibody negative women with previous GDM, BMI (p = 0.024), hypertension (p = 0.023) and hyperlipidemia (p < 0.001) were associated with higher levels of C-peptide, while physical activity was inversely associated (p = 0.035), and SBP (p = 0.02) and hypertension (p = 0.016) were associated with age-at-diagnosis of diabetes. Conclusions: Women with previous GDM were a decade younger and had lower prevalence of hypertension at diagnosis of diabetes; C-peptide levels were associated with BMI, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia and showed a tendency to be lower, possibly indicating a phenotype with higher risk of overt cardiovascular disease later in life.

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author
; ; ; ; ; ; and
organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
keywords
C-peptide, Cardiovascular disease, GADA, Gestational diabetes, Hypertension, Type 1 diabetes, Type 2 diabetes
in
Acta Diabetologica
volume
60
issue
8
pages
8 pages
publisher
Springer
external identifiers
  • pmid:37119303
  • scopus:85153850903
ISSN
0940-5429
DOI
10.1007/s00592-023-02096-x
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
f81b83a7-6864-4b40-96f5-342c94b42f98
date added to LUP
2023-07-14 09:55:15
date last changed
2024-04-19 23:25:34
@article{f81b83a7-6864-4b40-96f5-342c94b42f98,
  abstract     = {{<p>Aims: Previous gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) entails increased risk of future diabetes. We describe the characteristics of women with previous GDM and compare with no previous GDM from the cohort Diabetes in Kalmar and Kronoberg (DKK) of 1248 adults, 40% women, with new diabetes, and factors affecting age and C-peptide levels at diagnosis of diabetes. Methods: Age-at-diagnosis of diabetes, BMI, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, smoking, physical activity, and pre-existing myocardial infarction, stroke, or peripheral arterial insufficiency were registered at ordinary care visits close to diagnosis of diabetes, for the 43 women (9.4% of 456 from DKK with complete data for this analysis) with self-reported previous GDM (yes/no) and 86 controls without it, matched for date of diagnosis of diabetes. Blood samples were centrally analyzed for GADA and C-peptide for classification of diabetes. Results: Women with previous GDM had lower mean age-at-diagnosis of diabetes, 53.4 vs 65.0 years, lower systolic blood pressure (SBP), 131.2 vs 137.5 mmHg, and fewer had pre-existing hypertension than without previous GDM (p &lt; 0.001–0.05). Among antibody negative women with previous GDM, BMI (p = 0.024), hypertension (p = 0.023) and hyperlipidemia (p &lt; 0.001) were associated with higher levels of C-peptide, while physical activity was inversely associated (p = 0.035), and SBP (p = 0.02) and hypertension (p = 0.016) were associated with age-at-diagnosis of diabetes. Conclusions: Women with previous GDM were a decade younger and had lower prevalence of hypertension at diagnosis of diabetes; C-peptide levels were associated with BMI, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia and showed a tendency to be lower, possibly indicating a phenotype with higher risk of overt cardiovascular disease later in life.</p>}},
  author       = {{Stogianni, Anna and Melin, Eva and Dereke, Jonathan and Rööst, Mattias and Hillman, Magnus and Landin-Olsson, Mona and Wanby, Pär and Thunander, Maria}},
  issn         = {{0940-5429}},
  keywords     = {{C-peptide; Cardiovascular disease; GADA; Gestational diabetes; Hypertension; Type 1 diabetes; Type 2 diabetes}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{8}},
  pages        = {{1055--1062}},
  publisher    = {{Springer}},
  series       = {{Acta Diabetologica}},
  title        = {{A comparison in women with newly diagnosed diabetes between those with and without a history of gestational diabetes : a new perspective}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00592-023-02096-x}},
  doi          = {{10.1007/s00592-023-02096-x}},
  volume       = {{60}},
  year         = {{2023}},
}