Streaming instability of multiple particle species : II. Numerical convergence with increasing particle number
Schaffer, Noemi LU
; Johansen, Anders
LU
and Lambrechts, Michiel
LU
(2021)
In Astronomy and Astrophysics
653.
- Abstract
The streaming instability provides an efficient way of overcoming the growth barriers in the initial stages of the planet formation process. Considering the realistic case of a particle size distribution, the dynamics of the system is altered compared to the outcome of single size models. In order to understand the outcome of the multispecies streaming instability in detail, we perform a large parameter study in terms of particle number, particle size distribution, particle size range, initial metallicity, and initial particle scale height. We study vertically stratified systems and determine the metallicity threshold for filament formation. We compare these with a system where the initial particle distribution is unstratified and find... (More)
The streaming instability provides an efficient way of overcoming the growth barriers in the initial stages of the planet formation process. Considering the realistic case of a particle size distribution, the dynamics of the system is altered compared to the outcome of single size models. In order to understand the outcome of the multispecies streaming instability in detail, we perform a large parameter study in terms of particle number, particle size distribution, particle size range, initial metallicity, and initial particle scale height. We study vertically stratified systems and determine the metallicity threshold for filament formation. We compare these with a system where the initial particle distribution is unstratified and find that its evolution follows that of its stratified counterpart. We find that a change in the particle number does not result in significant variation in the efficiency and timing of filament formation. We also see that there is no clear trend for how varying the size distribution in combination with the particle size range changes the outcome of the multispecies streaming instability. Finally, we find that an initial metallicity of Zinit = 0.005 and Zinit = 0.01 both result in similar critical metallicity values for the start of filament formation. Our results show that the inclusion of a particle size distribution into streaming instability simulations, while changing the dynamics as compared to mono-disperse systems, does not result in overall unfavorable conditions for solid growth. We attribute the subdominant role of multiple species to the high-density conditions in the midplane, conditions under which linear stability analysis also predict little difference between single and multiple species.
(Less)
- author
- Schaffer, Noemi
LU
; Johansen, Anders
LU
and Lambrechts, Michiel
LU
- organization
- publishing date
- 2021-09-01
- type
- Contribution to journal
- publication status
- published
- subject
- keywords
- Diffusion, Hydrodynamics, Instabilities, Methods: numerical, Protoplanetary disks, Turbulence
- in
- Astronomy and Astrophysics
- volume
- 653
- article number
- A14
- pages
- 11 pages
- publisher
- EDP Sciences
- external identifiers
-
- scopus:85114208684
- ISSN
- 0004-6361
- DOI
- 10.1051/0004-6361/202140690
- language
- English
- LU publication?
- yes
- additional info
- Funding Information: cA knowledgements. We thank the anonymous referee for their comments that helped improve the manuscript. N.S. was funded by the “Bottlenecks for particle growth in turbulent aerosols” grant from the Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation (2014.0048). N.S. is thankful to Daniel Carrera for useful discussions. A.J. thanks the Swedish Research Council (grant 2018-0486), the Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation (grant 2017.0287) and the European Research Council (ERC Consolidator Grant 724687-PLANETESYS) for research support. The simulations were performed on resources provided by the Swedish National Infrastructure for Computing (SNIC) at LUNARC in Lund University. Publisher Copyright: © ESO 2021. Copyright: Copyright 2021 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
- id
- fb1fd29d-d209-4f8d-bc82-96b456cb486e
- date added to LUP
- 2021-09-16 08:40:59
- date last changed
- 2024-04-20 11:16:15
@article{fb1fd29d-d209-4f8d-bc82-96b456cb486e,
abstract = {{<p>The streaming instability provides an efficient way of overcoming the growth barriers in the initial stages of the planet formation process. Considering the realistic case of a particle size distribution, the dynamics of the system is altered compared to the outcome of single size models. In order to understand the outcome of the multispecies streaming instability in detail, we perform a large parameter study in terms of particle number, particle size distribution, particle size range, initial metallicity, and initial particle scale height. We study vertically stratified systems and determine the metallicity threshold for filament formation. We compare these with a system where the initial particle distribution is unstratified and find that its evolution follows that of its stratified counterpart. We find that a change in the particle number does not result in significant variation in the efficiency and timing of filament formation. We also see that there is no clear trend for how varying the size distribution in combination with the particle size range changes the outcome of the multispecies streaming instability. Finally, we find that an initial metallicity of Zinit = 0.005 and Zinit = 0.01 both result in similar critical metallicity values for the start of filament formation. Our results show that the inclusion of a particle size distribution into streaming instability simulations, while changing the dynamics as compared to mono-disperse systems, does not result in overall unfavorable conditions for solid growth. We attribute the subdominant role of multiple species to the high-density conditions in the midplane, conditions under which linear stability analysis also predict little difference between single and multiple species.</p>}},
author = {{Schaffer, Noemi and Johansen, Anders and Lambrechts, Michiel}},
issn = {{0004-6361}},
keywords = {{Diffusion; Hydrodynamics; Instabilities; Methods: numerical; Protoplanetary disks; Turbulence}},
language = {{eng}},
month = {{09}},
publisher = {{EDP Sciences}},
series = {{Astronomy and Astrophysics}},
title = {{Streaming instability of multiple particle species : II. Numerical convergence with increasing particle number}},
url = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202140690}},
doi = {{10.1051/0004-6361/202140690}},
volume = {{653}},
year = {{2021}},
}