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4MOST - 4-metre multi-object spectroscopic telescope

De Jong, Roelof S. LU ; Bellido-Tirado, Olga ; Chiappini, Cristina ; Depagne, Éric ; Haynes, Roger ; Johl, Diane ; Schnurr, Olivier ; Schwope, Axel ; Walcher, Jakob and Dionies, Frank , et al. (2012) Ground-Based and Airborne Instrumentation for Astronomy IV In Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering 8446.
Abstract

The 4MOST consortium is currently halfway through a Conceptual Design study for ESO with the aim to develop a wide-field (>3 square degree, goal >5 square degree), high-multiplex (>1500 fibres, goal 3000 fibres) spectroscopic survey facility for an ESO 4m-class telescope (VISTA). 4MOST will run permanently on the telescope to perform a 5 year public survey yielding more than 20 million spectra at resolution R∼5000 (λ=390-1000 nm) and more than 2 million spectra at R∼20,000 (395-456.5 nm & 587-673 nm). The 4MOST design is especially intended to complement three key all-sky, space-based observatories of prime European interest: Gaia, eROSITA and Euclid. Initial design and performance estimates for the wide-field corrector... (More)

The 4MOST consortium is currently halfway through a Conceptual Design study for ESO with the aim to develop a wide-field (>3 square degree, goal >5 square degree), high-multiplex (>1500 fibres, goal 3000 fibres) spectroscopic survey facility for an ESO 4m-class telescope (VISTA). 4MOST will run permanently on the telescope to perform a 5 year public survey yielding more than 20 million spectra at resolution R∼5000 (λ=390-1000 nm) and more than 2 million spectra at R∼20,000 (395-456.5 nm & 587-673 nm). The 4MOST design is especially intended to complement three key all-sky, space-based observatories of prime European interest: Gaia, eROSITA and Euclid. Initial design and performance estimates for the wide-field corrector concepts are presented. Two fibre positioner concepts are being considered for 4MOST. The first one is a Phi-Theta system similar to ones used on existing and planned facilities. The second one is a new R-Theta concept with large patrol area. Both positioner concepts effectively address the issues of fibre focus and pupil pointing. The 4MOST spectrographs are fixed configuration two-arm spectrographs, with dedicated spectrographs for the high- and low-resolution fibres. A full facility simulator is being developed to guide trade-off decisions regarding the optimal field-of-view, number of fibres needed, and the relative fraction of high-to-low resolution fibres. The simulator takes mock catalogues with template spectra from Design Reference Surveys as starting point, calculates the output spectra based on a throughput simulator, assigns targets to fibres based on the capabilities of the fibre positioner designs, and calculates the required survey time by tiling the fields on the sky. The 4MOST consortium aims to deliver the full 4MOST facility by the end of 2018 and start delivering high-level data products for both consortium and ESO community targets a year later with yearly increments.

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author collaboration
organization
publishing date
type
Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding
publication status
published
subject
keywords
eROSITA, Euclid, Facility simulator, Fibre postioner, Gaia, NTT telescope, VISTA telescope, Wide field corrector, Wide-field multi-object spectrograph facility
host publication
Ground-Based and Airborne Instrumentation for Astronomy IV
series title
Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering
volume
8446
article number
84460T
publisher
SPIE
conference name
Ground-Based and Airborne Instrumentation for Astronomy IV
conference location
Amsterdam, Netherlands
conference dates
2012-07-01 - 2012-07-06
external identifiers
  • scopus:84871948125
ISSN
0277-786X
ISBN
9780819491473
DOI
10.1117/12.926239
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
fb425e38-5ec8-40a2-8e81-a6197764f590
date added to LUP
2024-11-27 15:04:34
date last changed
2025-04-04 15:28:50
@inproceedings{fb425e38-5ec8-40a2-8e81-a6197764f590,
  abstract     = {{<p>The 4MOST consortium is currently halfway through a Conceptual Design study for ESO with the aim to develop a wide-field (&gt;3 square degree, goal &gt;5 square degree), high-multiplex (&gt;1500 fibres, goal 3000 fibres) spectroscopic survey facility for an ESO 4m-class telescope (VISTA). 4MOST will run permanently on the telescope to perform a 5 year public survey yielding more than 20 million spectra at resolution R∼5000 (λ=390-1000 nm) and more than 2 million spectra at R∼20,000 (395-456.5 nm &amp; 587-673 nm). The 4MOST design is especially intended to complement three key all-sky, space-based observatories of prime European interest: Gaia, eROSITA and Euclid. Initial design and performance estimates for the wide-field corrector concepts are presented. Two fibre positioner concepts are being considered for 4MOST. The first one is a Phi-Theta system similar to ones used on existing and planned facilities. The second one is a new R-Theta concept with large patrol area. Both positioner concepts effectively address the issues of fibre focus and pupil pointing. The 4MOST spectrographs are fixed configuration two-arm spectrographs, with dedicated spectrographs for the high- and low-resolution fibres. A full facility simulator is being developed to guide trade-off decisions regarding the optimal field-of-view, number of fibres needed, and the relative fraction of high-to-low resolution fibres. The simulator takes mock catalogues with template spectra from Design Reference Surveys as starting point, calculates the output spectra based on a throughput simulator, assigns targets to fibres based on the capabilities of the fibre positioner designs, and calculates the required survey time by tiling the fields on the sky. The 4MOST consortium aims to deliver the full 4MOST facility by the end of 2018 and start delivering high-level data products for both consortium and ESO community targets a year later with yearly increments.</p>}},
  author       = {{De Jong, Roelof S. and Bellido-Tirado, Olga and Chiappini, Cristina and Depagne, Éric and Haynes, Roger and Johl, Diane and Schnurr, Olivier and Schwope, Axel and Walcher, Jakob and Dionies, Frank and Haynes, Dionne and Kelz, Andreas and Kitaura, Francisco S. and Lamer, Georg and Minchev, Ivan and Müller, Volker and Nuza, Sebastián E. and Olaya, Jean Christophe and Piffl, Tilmann and Popow, Emil and Steinmetz, Matthias and Ural, Uǧur and Williams, Mary and Winkler, Roland and Wisotzki, Lutz and Ansorge, Wolfgang R. and Banerji, Manda and Solares, Eduardo Gonzalez and Irwin, Mike and Kennicutt, Robert C. and King, David and McMahon, Richard and Koposov, Sergey and Parry, Ian R. and Sun, David and Walton, Nicholas A. and Finger, Gert and Iwert, Olaf and Krumpe, Mirko and Lizon, Jean Louis and Vincenzo, Mainieri and Amans, Jean Philippe and Bonifacio, Piercarlo and Cohen, Mathieu and Francois, Patrick and Jagourel, Pascal and Mignot, Shan B. and Royer, Frédéric and Ludwig, Hans G. and Feltzing, Sofia}},
  booktitle    = {{Ground-Based and Airborne Instrumentation for Astronomy IV}},
  isbn         = {{9780819491473}},
  issn         = {{0277-786X}},
  keywords     = {{eROSITA; Euclid; Facility simulator; Fibre postioner; Gaia; NTT telescope; VISTA telescope; Wide field corrector; Wide-field multi-object spectrograph facility}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  publisher    = {{SPIE}},
  series       = {{Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering}},
  title        = {{4MOST - 4-metre multi-object spectroscopic telescope}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.926239}},
  doi          = {{10.1117/12.926239}},
  volume       = {{8446}},
  year         = {{2012}},
}