CMOS Integrated Remote Antenna Unit for Fiber-Fed Distributed MIMO Systems
Ahmad, Waqas LU ; Abdulaziz, Mohammed LU ; Nejdel, Anders LU ; Törmänen, Markus LU
and Sjöland, Henrik
LU
(2017)
In IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques
65(1).
p.173-186
- Abstract
A fully integrated remote antenna unit (RAU) intended for fiber-fed distributed multiple-input multiple-output systems is presented. The circuit is designed for narrowband (60 MHz) time-division duplex systems, where an IF over fiber approach is chosen to facilitate the use of low-cost optical components and integrated photodetectors. A novel antenna switch control scheme is introduced, which enables the use of an integrated antenna switch instead of a bulky off chip circulator. The reference frequency signal is distributed in the fiber together with user data and used by a phase-locked-loop-based frequency synthesizer to generate the local oscillator signal inside the RAU, hence synchronizing all RAUs of the distributed antenna system.... (More)
A fully integrated remote antenna unit (RAU) intended for fiber-fed distributed multiple-input multiple-output systems is presented. The circuit is designed for narrowband (60 MHz) time-division duplex systems, where an IF over fiber approach is chosen to facilitate the use of low-cost optical components and integrated photodetectors. A novel antenna switch control scheme is introduced, which enables the use of an integrated antenna switch instead of a bulky off chip circulator. The reference frequency signal is distributed in the fiber together with user data and used by a phase-locked-loop-based frequency synthesizer to generate the local oscillator signal inside the RAU, hence synchronizing all RAUs of the distributed antenna system. At an operating frequency of 2.1 GHz, the measured optical-to-electrical conversion gain of the downlink is 71.7 dB, the error vector magnitude is 3.2%, and the adjacent channel leakage ratio is 39.2 dBc at an output power of +3 dBm for a 16-quadrature amplitude modulation (16-QAM) long-term evolution downlink signal. The uplink has a gain of 32.5 dB, a noise figure of 3.5 dB, and an in-band third-order intercept point of -12 dBm. Implemented in a standard 65-nm CMOS process, the complete RAU occupies just 2 mm2 of die area and consumes 146 mW during downlink signal transmission and 122 mW during uplink signal reception.
(Less)
- author
- Ahmad, Waqas
LU
; Abdulaziz, Mohammed
LU
; Nejdel, Anders
LU
; Törmänen, Markus
LU
and Sjöland, Henrik
LU
- organization
- publishing date
- 2017-01
- type
- Contribution to journal
- publication status
- published
- subject
- keywords
- CMOS photodiode, CMOS technology, distributed multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems, IF over fiber, linearization, optical communication, radio over fiber (RoF), remote antenna unit (RAU)
- in
- IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques
- volume
- 65
- issue
- 1
- article number
- 7583676
- pages
- 173 - 186
- publisher
- IEEE - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.
- external identifiers
-
- wos:000395460200019
- scopus:85027470945
- ISSN
- 0018-9480
- DOI
- 10.1109/TMTT.2016.2611496
- language
- English
- LU publication?
- yes
- id
- fb78cdc7-f7c2-4651-b458-ab493840f72f
- date added to LUP
- 2016-11-16 08:28:07
- date last changed
- 2024-04-17 02:49:27
@article{fb78cdc7-f7c2-4651-b458-ab493840f72f,
abstract = {{<p>A fully integrated remote antenna unit (RAU) intended for fiber-fed distributed multiple-input multiple-output systems is presented. The circuit is designed for narrowband (60 MHz) time-division duplex systems, where an IF over fiber approach is chosen to facilitate the use of low-cost optical components and integrated photodetectors. A novel antenna switch control scheme is introduced, which enables the use of an integrated antenna switch instead of a bulky off chip circulator. The reference frequency signal is distributed in the fiber together with user data and used by a phase-locked-loop-based frequency synthesizer to generate the local oscillator signal inside the RAU, hence synchronizing all RAUs of the distributed antenna system. At an operating frequency of 2.1 GHz, the measured optical-to-electrical conversion gain of the downlink is 71.7 dB, the error vector magnitude is 3.2%, and the adjacent channel leakage ratio is 39.2 dBc at an output power of +3 dBm for a 16-quadrature amplitude modulation (16-QAM) long-term evolution downlink signal. The uplink has a gain of 32.5 dB, a noise figure of 3.5 dB, and an in-band third-order intercept point of -12 dBm. Implemented in a standard 65-nm CMOS process, the complete RAU occupies just 2 mm<sup>2</sup> of die area and consumes 146 mW during downlink signal transmission and 122 mW during uplink signal reception.</p>}},
author = {{Ahmad, Waqas and Abdulaziz, Mohammed and Nejdel, Anders and Törmänen, Markus and Sjöland, Henrik}},
issn = {{0018-9480}},
keywords = {{CMOS photodiode; CMOS technology; distributed multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems; IF over fiber; linearization; optical communication; radio over fiber (RoF); remote antenna unit (RAU)}},
language = {{eng}},
number = {{1}},
pages = {{173--186}},
publisher = {{IEEE - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.}},
series = {{IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques}},
title = {{CMOS Integrated Remote Antenna Unit for Fiber-Fed Distributed MIMO Systems}},
url = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TMTT.2016.2611496}},
doi = {{10.1109/TMTT.2016.2611496}},
volume = {{65}},
year = {{2017}},
}