Determination of Clothing Evaporative Resistance on a Sweating Thermal Manikin in an Isothermal Condition: Heat Loss Method or Mass Loss Method?
(2011) In Annals of Occupational Hygiene 55. p.775-783- Abstract
- This paper addresses selection between two calculation options, i.e heat loss option and mass loss option, for thermal manikin measurements on clothing evaporative resistance conducted in an isothermal condition (Tmanikin = Ta = Tr). Five vocational clothing ensembles with a thermal insulation range of 1.05–2.58 clo were selected and measured on a sweating thermal manikin ‘Tore’. The reasons why the isothermal heat loss method generates a higher evaporative resistance than that of the mass loss method were thoroughly investigated. In addition, an indirect approach was applied to determine the amount of evaporative heat energy taken from the environment. It was found that clothing evaporative resistance values by the heat loss option were... (More)
- This paper addresses selection between two calculation options, i.e heat loss option and mass loss option, for thermal manikin measurements on clothing evaporative resistance conducted in an isothermal condition (Tmanikin = Ta = Tr). Five vocational clothing ensembles with a thermal insulation range of 1.05–2.58 clo were selected and measured on a sweating thermal manikin ‘Tore’. The reasons why the isothermal heat loss method generates a higher evaporative resistance than that of the mass loss method were thoroughly investigated. In addition, an indirect approach was applied to determine the amount of evaporative heat energy taken from the environment. It was found that clothing evaporative resistance values by the heat loss option were 11.2–37.1% greater than those based on the mass loss option. The percentage of evaporative heat loss taken from the environment (He,env) for all test scenarios ranged from 10.9 to 23.8%. The real evaporative cooling efficiency ranged from 0.762 to 0.891, respectively. Furthermore, it is evident that the evaporative heat loss difference introduced by those two options was equal to the heat energy taken from the environment. In order to eliminate the combined effects of dry heat transfer, condensation, and heat pipe on clothing evaporative resistance, it is suggested that manikin measurements on the determination of clothing evaporative resistance should be performed in an isothermal condition. Moreover, the mass loss method should be applied to calculate clothing evaporative resistance. The isothermal heat loss method would appear to overestimate heat stress and thus should be corrected before use. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
https://lup.lub.lu.se/record/2026438
- author
- Wang, Faming LU ; Gao, Chuansi LU ; Kuklane, Kalev LU and Holmér, Ingvar LU
- organization
- publishing date
- 2011
- type
- Contribution to journal
- publication status
- published
- subject
- keywords
- thermal manikin, isothermal, heat stress, evaporative resistance, evaporative cooling efficiency, ASTM F2370
- in
- Annals of Occupational Hygiene
- volume
- 55
- pages
- 775 - 783
- publisher
- Oxford University Press
- external identifiers
-
- wos:000293909900009
- scopus:80051742543
- pmid:21669906
- ISSN
- 1475-3162
- DOI
- 10.1093/annhyg/mer034
- language
- English
- LU publication?
- yes
- id
- fd1a59ad-4cd7-41f2-b607-7042fddd040f (old id 2026438)
- date added to LUP
- 2016-04-01 13:44:59
- date last changed
- 2022-04-21 23:21:18
@article{fd1a59ad-4cd7-41f2-b607-7042fddd040f,
abstract = {{This paper addresses selection between two calculation options, i.e heat loss option and mass loss option, for thermal manikin measurements on clothing evaporative resistance conducted in an isothermal condition (Tmanikin = Ta = Tr). Five vocational clothing ensembles with a thermal insulation range of 1.05–2.58 clo were selected and measured on a sweating thermal manikin ‘Tore’. The reasons why the isothermal heat loss method generates a higher evaporative resistance than that of the mass loss method were thoroughly investigated. In addition, an indirect approach was applied to determine the amount of evaporative heat energy taken from the environment. It was found that clothing evaporative resistance values by the heat loss option were 11.2–37.1% greater than those based on the mass loss option. The percentage of evaporative heat loss taken from the environment (He,env) for all test scenarios ranged from 10.9 to 23.8%. The real evaporative cooling efficiency ranged from 0.762 to 0.891, respectively. Furthermore, it is evident that the evaporative heat loss difference introduced by those two options was equal to the heat energy taken from the environment. In order to eliminate the combined effects of dry heat transfer, condensation, and heat pipe on clothing evaporative resistance, it is suggested that manikin measurements on the determination of clothing evaporative resistance should be performed in an isothermal condition. Moreover, the mass loss method should be applied to calculate clothing evaporative resistance. The isothermal heat loss method would appear to overestimate heat stress and thus should be corrected before use.}},
author = {{Wang, Faming and Gao, Chuansi and Kuklane, Kalev and Holmér, Ingvar}},
issn = {{1475-3162}},
keywords = {{thermal manikin; isothermal; heat stress; evaporative resistance; evaporative cooling efficiency; ASTM F2370}},
language = {{eng}},
pages = {{775--783}},
publisher = {{Oxford University Press}},
series = {{Annals of Occupational Hygiene}},
title = {{Determination of Clothing Evaporative Resistance on a Sweating Thermal Manikin in an Isothermal Condition: Heat Loss Method or Mass Loss Method?}},
url = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/annhyg/mer034}},
doi = {{10.1093/annhyg/mer034}},
volume = {{55}},
year = {{2011}},
}