Skip to main content

LUP Student Papers

LUND UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES

The erosion of children's rights. Lowering the age of criminal responsibility in Sweden

Unnborn Rydén, Emma LU (2026) LAGM01 20261
Department of Law
Faculty of Law
Abstract (Swedish)
Utvecklingen av kriminella nätverk och deras rekrytering av barn i Sverige är och fortsätter vara en oroande utveckling. Rekryteringen utförs ofta av äldre barn, processen går ofta snabbt och yngre barn ses som billig arbetskraft som är lätt att manipulera till att begå olika typer av allvarliga brott. Dessa barn är ofta både offer och förövare på samma gång. För att hantera rekryteringen och att allvarliga brott begås av barn har den svenska regeringen lanserat flera olika utredningar om potentiella lagändringar inom straffrätten gällande ungdomsbrottslighet. Ett exempel på en sådan utredning är förslaget att sänka straffbarhetsåldern från 15 år till 13 år. Förslaget har blivit väldigt omdiskuterat och kritiserat för att inte vara rätt... (More)
Utvecklingen av kriminella nätverk och deras rekrytering av barn i Sverige är och fortsätter vara en oroande utveckling. Rekryteringen utförs ofta av äldre barn, processen går ofta snabbt och yngre barn ses som billig arbetskraft som är lätt att manipulera till att begå olika typer av allvarliga brott. Dessa barn är ofta både offer och förövare på samma gång. För att hantera rekryteringen och att allvarliga brott begås av barn har den svenska regeringen lanserat flera olika utredningar om potentiella lagändringar inom straffrätten gällande ungdomsbrottslighet. Ett exempel på en sådan utredning är förslaget att sänka straffbarhetsåldern från 15 år till 13 år. Förslaget har blivit väldigt omdiskuterat och kritiserat för att inte vara rätt sätt att hantera problemet på, samt att det inte är i linje med Sveriges internationella förpliktelser enligt Barnkonventionen.

Målet med uppsatsen är att undersöka och analysera lagstiftningsprocessen som föreslår en sänkning av straffbarhetsåldern från 15 år till 13 år, främst med hjälp av Barnkonventionen och ett barnrättsperspektiv. Syftet är att fastställa om förslaget innebär en urholkning av barns rättigheter i Sverige och i så fall vilka rättigheter som skulle påverkas mest och om förslaget kan ses som ett skifte i hur barn betraktas och behandlas av de lagstiftande organen. Därutöver utforskas vilka slutsatser kan dras från de nämnda motivationerna bakom förslaget och bristen på bevis som stödjer förslaget och om förslaget är en del av ett större problem i hur lagstiftningsprocesser inom straffrätten genomförs. Undersökningen görs främst med den rättsdogmatiska metoden, tillsammans med aspekter av kritisk analys och komparativ analys.

Undersökningen visar att en sänkning av straffbarhetsåldern skulle innebära en urholkning av barns rättigheter i Sverige och särskilt påverka artikel 38, 40 och 41, men också till exempel artikel 28 i Barnkonventionen. Slutsatsen är att förslaget inte är i linje med Barnkonventionen och uttalandena från Barnrättskommittén. Anledningarna bakom motivationen till förslaget att sänka straffbarhetsåldern saknar bevis. Motivationerna framstår snarare som att vara drivna av politiker och partiernas vilja att få det att framstå som att de hanterar problemet. Det är tydligt att kriminalpolitiska överväganden och att få det att framstå som att man hanterar problemet, har fått företräde framför barns rättigheter och barnens bästa.

Implementeringen av förslaget att sänka straffbarhetsåldern, både enskilt och tillsammans med övriga lagförslag, innebär ett betydande skifte i hur de lagstiftande organen ser på barn. En jämförelse mellan det nuvarande förslaget och situationen innan och vid tiden när Barnkonventionen blev en del av svensk rätt, visar inte bara att ett skifte har skett, utan visar också vilken tydlig tillbakagång av barns rättigheter som sker i Sverige just nu. Därutöver är det visat att förslaget att sänka straffbarhetsåldern är en del av ett väsentligt större problem i hur lagstiftningsprocesser inom straffrätten genomförs på ett problematiskt sätt och hur detta bidrar till att den demokratiska processen försvagas. (Less)
Abstract
The development of criminal networks and its recruitment of children in Sweden over the last few years have been and continue to be a worrying development. The recruitment is often conducted by older children, it is often a short process, and younger children are seen as cheap labour who are easy to manipulate into committing a variety of different severe crimes. These children are often both victims and perpetrators at the same time. To deal with this recruitment and children committing serious crimes the Swedish government has launched several inquiries of potential legal amendments to criminal law concerning juvenile justice. One example is the proposal to lower the age of criminal responsibility from 15 years to 13 years. This proposal... (More)
The development of criminal networks and its recruitment of children in Sweden over the last few years have been and continue to be a worrying development. The recruitment is often conducted by older children, it is often a short process, and younger children are seen as cheap labour who are easy to manipulate into committing a variety of different severe crimes. These children are often both victims and perpetrators at the same time. To deal with this recruitment and children committing serious crimes the Swedish government has launched several inquiries of potential legal amendments to criminal law concerning juvenile justice. One example is the proposal to lower the age of criminal responsibility from 15 years to 13 years. This proposal has been widely discussed and criticised as not being the right way to approach the issue and for not being in line with Sweden's international obligations stemming from the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC).

The objective of this thesis is to investigate and analyse the legislative process proposing to lower the age of criminal responsibility in Sweden from 15 years to 13 years, in light of the CRC and a children’s rights perspective. The aim is to determine if a lowering of the age of criminal responsibility would mean an erosion of children’s rights, and if so why and in what sense, and if it would reflect a shift in how children are viewed and treated by the legislative bodies. This thesis additionally examines what conclusions can be drawn from the mentioned motivations behind the proposal, the lack of evidence in support of it and whether the proposal forms a part of a larger issue regarding how the legislative processes concerning criminal justice in Sweden are conducted. The research is conducted mainly using the legal doctrinal method, along with aspects of critical analysis and comparative analysis.

The thesis finds that the lowering of the age of criminal responsibility would mean an erosion of children’s rights in Sweden particularly affecting articles 38, 40 and 41, but also for example article 28 of the CRC. It is concluded that the proposal is not in line with the Convention and the statements made by the Committee on the Rights of the Child (the Committee). The reasons for advancing the proposal to lower the age of criminal responsibility lacks evidence. The motivations behind it are seemingly driven by the aim of politicians and political parties to appear as though they are acting to deal with the issue. Criminal policy considerations and the appearance of taking action to deal with the issue, have been given precedence before children’s rights and their best interest.

The implementation of the proposal to lower the age of criminal responsibility, by itself and together with other proposed legislative amendments, entails a significant shift in the way children are viewed by the legislative bodies. A comparison between the current proposal and the situation before and around the time of the incorporation of the CRC into Swedish law, shows not only that a shift has occurred, but also clearly shows the backsliding of children’s rights currently taking place in Sweden. Furthermore, it has been shown that the proposal to lower the age of criminal responsibility is a part of a much larger issue concerning the problematic way in which legislative proposals in criminal law are conducted and through which the democratic process is weakened. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
Unnborn Rydén, Emma LU
supervisor
organization
course
LAGM01 20261
year
type
H3 - Professional qualifications (4 Years - )
subject
keywords
Age of criminal responsibility, Lowering the age of criminal responsibility, Convention on the Rights of the Child, Straffbarhetsålder, Sänka straffbarhetsåldern, Barnkonventionen
language
English
id
9232546
date added to LUP
2026-06-15 12:26:27
date last changed
2026-06-15 12:26:27
@misc{9232546,
  abstract     = {{The development of criminal networks and its recruitment of children in Sweden over the last few years have been and continue to be a worrying development. The recruitment is often conducted by older children, it is often a short process, and younger children are seen as cheap labour who are easy to manipulate into committing a variety of different severe crimes. These children are often both victims and perpetrators at the same time. To deal with this recruitment and children committing serious crimes the Swedish government has launched several inquiries of potential legal amendments to criminal law concerning juvenile justice. One example is the proposal to lower the age of criminal responsibility from 15 years to 13 years. This proposal has been widely discussed and criticised as not being the right way to approach the issue and for not being in line with Sweden's international obligations stemming from the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC).

The objective of this thesis is to investigate and analyse the legislative process proposing to lower the age of criminal responsibility in Sweden from 15 years to 13 years, in light of the CRC and a children’s rights perspective. The aim is to determine if a lowering of the age of criminal responsibility would mean an erosion of children’s rights, and if so why and in what sense, and if it would reflect a shift in how children are viewed and treated by the legislative bodies. This thesis additionally examines what conclusions can be drawn from the mentioned motivations behind the proposal, the lack of evidence in support of it and whether the proposal forms a part of a larger issue regarding how the legislative processes concerning criminal justice in Sweden are conducted. The research is conducted mainly using the legal doctrinal method, along with aspects of critical analysis and comparative analysis.

The thesis finds that the lowering of the age of criminal responsibility would mean an erosion of children’s rights in Sweden particularly affecting articles 38, 40 and 41, but also for example article 28 of the CRC. It is concluded that the proposal is not in line with the Convention and the statements made by the Committee on the Rights of the Child (the Committee). The reasons for advancing the proposal to lower the age of criminal responsibility lacks evidence. The motivations behind it are seemingly driven by the aim of politicians and political parties to appear as though they are acting to deal with the issue. Criminal policy considerations and the appearance of taking action to deal with the issue, have been given precedence before children’s rights and their best interest.

The implementation of the proposal to lower the age of criminal responsibility, by itself and together with other proposed legislative amendments, entails a significant shift in the way children are viewed by the legislative bodies. A comparison between the current proposal and the situation before and around the time of the incorporation of the CRC into Swedish law, shows not only that a shift has occurred, but also clearly shows the backsliding of children’s rights currently taking place in Sweden. Furthermore, it has been shown that the proposal to lower the age of criminal responsibility is a part of a much larger issue concerning the problematic way in which legislative proposals in criminal law are conducted and through which the democratic process is weakened.}},
  author       = {{Unnborn Rydén, Emma}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  note         = {{Student Paper}},
  title        = {{The erosion of children's rights. Lowering the age of criminal responsibility in Sweden}},
  year         = {{2026}},
}