The effect of UVB and chemical treatment on the molecular and macroscopic properties of Stratum Corneum
(2019) KEMR17 20182Department of Chemistry
- Abstract
- Stratum corneum (SC) is the outer most layer of the epidermis recognized as the main barrier of the skin. The most important function of SC is to regulate water loss to the outer environment and prevent the chemical as well as microbial invasion. This exceptional ability of SC is attributed to its composition and architecture which resembles an actual brick and mortar wall. The structure and composition of this brick wall can be altered with genetic disorders or exposure to environmental factors and result in enhanced permeability of the skin barrier. In case of Psoriasis, an already impaired SC barrier is further exposed to chemical and irradiation treatments with purpose to reduce pathogenesis of the disease. To understand the effect of... (More)
- Stratum corneum (SC) is the outer most layer of the epidermis recognized as the main barrier of the skin. The most important function of SC is to regulate water loss to the outer environment and prevent the chemical as well as microbial invasion. This exceptional ability of SC is attributed to its composition and architecture which resembles an actual brick and mortar wall. The structure and composition of this brick wall can be altered with genetic disorders or exposure to environmental factors and result in enhanced permeability of the skin barrier. In case of Psoriasis, an already impaired SC barrier is further exposed to chemical and irradiation treatments with purpose to reduce pathogenesis of the disease. To understand the effect of such treatments on the skin barrier function, one need to evaluate alteration in the structure and mobility of SC components on molecular level.
In this work, the alteration in SC structure and molecular mobility after UVB exposure and chemical treatment with hydrocortisone, salicylic acid and UCA are evaluated by employment of 13C solid-state NMR, WAXS scattering and AT-FTIR. The hydrocortisone and salicylic acid are first in line substances used in treatment of several skin conditions where UCA is a naturally occurring chromophore in the skin. We show that these molecules affect the mobility of SC components differently, where Salicylic acid and UCA increase the mobility of lipids and proteins where hydrocortisone has an opposite effect. The mobility of SC components after UVB treatment was observed to decreases. However, no significant structural changes in both UVB and chemically treated SC samples were observed. Finally, microscopic changes were correlated to the macroscopic changes regarding water swelling. It was shown that the untreated SC samples had larger water uptake in comparison with UVB and chemically treated SC samples. An attempt to evaluate the effect and interference between combinational UVB and chemical treatments on SC layer was also performed. We showed that the chemical treatment with salicylic acid has a stronger effect on molecular mobility of SC in comparison with UVB treatment. UV/Vis spectroscopy was employed on chemically treated SC samples to evaluate the interference between combinational UVB and chemical treatments employed for Psoriasis patients. We show that the natural occurring photoprotective barrier (in the UVB range) of the skin is enhanced after UCA and salicylic acid treatments where no changes are observed after hydrocortisone treatment.
The results of this thesis shows that UVB and chemical treatments impose microscopic and macroscopic changes in SC which can be correlated and provide widely useful information about the behaviour of the skin barrier. (Less) - Popular Abstract (Swedish)
- Kroppens största organ utgörs av huden, en töjbar och mjuk vävnad vars viktigaste uppgift är att skydda oss från omvärlden. Hudens yttersta lager, hornlagret eller Stratum Corneum på latin, utgör den viktigaste barriären mot yttre fiender som skadliga virus, bakterier och giftiga kemikalier. Hornlagrets barriäregenskaper beror på dess sammansättning och uppbyggnad, som kan liknas med en tegelstensmur. Den största komponenten utgörs av döda hudceller dvs. tegelstenar som är omgivna av ett fetthölje motsvarande cement. Likt en tegelmur, kan hornlagrets konstruktion brista. Ärftliga sjukdomar och yttre faktorer kan försvaga huden barriären mot omvärlden genom att förändra hornlagrets sammansättning och uppbyggnad.
Psoriasis är en kronisk... (More) - Kroppens största organ utgörs av huden, en töjbar och mjuk vävnad vars viktigaste uppgift är att skydda oss från omvärlden. Hudens yttersta lager, hornlagret eller Stratum Corneum på latin, utgör den viktigaste barriären mot yttre fiender som skadliga virus, bakterier och giftiga kemikalier. Hornlagrets barriäregenskaper beror på dess sammansättning och uppbyggnad, som kan liknas med en tegelstensmur. Den största komponenten utgörs av döda hudceller dvs. tegelstenar som är omgivna av ett fetthölje motsvarande cement. Likt en tegelmur, kan hornlagrets konstruktion brista. Ärftliga sjukdomar och yttre faktorer kan försvaga huden barriären mot omvärlden genom att förändra hornlagrets sammansättning och uppbyggnad.
Psoriasis är en kronisk sjukdom som orsakar inflammation i huden med utslag i form av plackbildning. Behandling av sjukdomens framfart innebär en livslång användning av kortisonsalvor, i många fall kombinerat med en UVB-ljusbehandling. Denna typ av behandlingar härmar plackbildningen genom att härma tillväxten av hudceller men kan i sin tur orsaka molekylära förändringar i tegelmurkonstruktionen. Denna typ av förändringar samt deras påverkan på hornlagrets egenskaper utgör utgångspunkten för detta arbete. Det är även av intresse att undersöka hur kemiska behandlingar med exempelvis kortisonsteroider och mjukgörandemedel kan interferera med UVB-ljusbehandlingen.
I detta arbete har molekylära förändringar i hornlagret undersökts med hjälp av kärnmagnetisk resonans (NMR) och röntgenljusspridning (X-ray spridning) efter kemiskbehandling med hydrokortison, salicylsyra och urokansyra (UCA). De två förstnämnda molekylerna är relevanta för psoriasisbehandling medan UCA är en naturligt förekommande UVB-filter i huden. Resultaten visade att olika ämne påverkar rörligheten av hornlagrets komponenter (proteiner och fetter) på olika sätt. Både syrorna ökade den molekylära rörligheten i hornlagret (särskild i fetthöljet) medan hydrokortison visade en omvänd effekt. Det fanns även indikationer på att hornlagrets makroskopiska egenskaper som vattenkapacitet var lägre efter kemikaliebehandlingarna. Molekylära förändringar i hornlagret undersöktes även efter en ljusbehandling med UVB där rörligheten av respektive komponenter var lägre än in det obehandlade hornlagret. Inga strukturförändringar i hornlagrets komponenter var observerad efter ljusbehandlingen. I detta arbete utfördes även en kombinationsbehandling med kemikalier och UVB-ljus. Det visades att UCA respektive salicylsyra behandlat hornlager absorberade en högre mängd av UVB-ljus vilken i sin tur kan försvaga effekten av UVB-ljusbehandlingen för psoriasis patienter. Hydrokortison hade ingen effekt på UVB-ljusabsorptionen i hornlagret. Det visades även att salicylsyrabehandling i kombination med UVB exponering har en komplementärade effekt på den molekylära rörligheten i hornlagret.
Detta arbete demonstrerar hur svårt det är att bestämma olika kemikaliers molekylära påverkan på hudens viktigaste barriär, samt hur viktigt det är med karakteriseringen för att utveckla och förbättra effekten av olika behandlingar. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
http://lup.lub.lu.se/student-papers/record/8988147
- author
- Labecka, Nikol LU
- supervisor
-
- Emma Sparr LU
- Enamul Mojumdar LU
- organization
- course
- KEMR17 20182
- year
- 2019
- type
- H2 - Master's Degree (Two Years)
- subject
- keywords
- Stratum Corneum, UVB, chemical treatment, molecular dynamics, fluidity, structure, keratin, ssNMR, X-ray scattering, psoriasis, physical chemistry, fysikalisk kemi
- language
- English
- id
- 8988147
- date added to LUP
- 2019-07-04 16:02:15
- date last changed
- 2019-07-04 16:02:15
@misc{8988147,
abstract = {{Stratum corneum (SC) is the outer most layer of the epidermis recognized as the main barrier of the skin. The most important function of SC is to regulate water loss to the outer environment and prevent the chemical as well as microbial invasion. This exceptional ability of SC is attributed to its composition and architecture which resembles an actual brick and mortar wall. The structure and composition of this brick wall can be altered with genetic disorders or exposure to environmental factors and result in enhanced permeability of the skin barrier. In case of Psoriasis, an already impaired SC barrier is further exposed to chemical and irradiation treatments with purpose to reduce pathogenesis of the disease. To understand the effect of such treatments on the skin barrier function, one need to evaluate alteration in the structure and mobility of SC components on molecular level.
In this work, the alteration in SC structure and molecular mobility after UVB exposure and chemical treatment with hydrocortisone, salicylic acid and UCA are evaluated by employment of 13C solid-state NMR, WAXS scattering and AT-FTIR. The hydrocortisone and salicylic acid are first in line substances used in treatment of several skin conditions where UCA is a naturally occurring chromophore in the skin. We show that these molecules affect the mobility of SC components differently, where Salicylic acid and UCA increase the mobility of lipids and proteins where hydrocortisone has an opposite effect. The mobility of SC components after UVB treatment was observed to decreases. However, no significant structural changes in both UVB and chemically treated SC samples were observed. Finally, microscopic changes were correlated to the macroscopic changes regarding water swelling. It was shown that the untreated SC samples had larger water uptake in comparison with UVB and chemically treated SC samples. An attempt to evaluate the effect and interference between combinational UVB and chemical treatments on SC layer was also performed. We showed that the chemical treatment with salicylic acid has a stronger effect on molecular mobility of SC in comparison with UVB treatment. UV/Vis spectroscopy was employed on chemically treated SC samples to evaluate the interference between combinational UVB and chemical treatments employed for Psoriasis patients. We show that the natural occurring photoprotective barrier (in the UVB range) of the skin is enhanced after UCA and salicylic acid treatments where no changes are observed after hydrocortisone treatment.
The results of this thesis shows that UVB and chemical treatments impose microscopic and macroscopic changes in SC which can be correlated and provide widely useful information about the behaviour of the skin barrier.}},
author = {{Labecka, Nikol}},
language = {{eng}},
note = {{Student Paper}},
title = {{The effect of UVB and chemical treatment on the molecular and macroscopic properties of Stratum Corneum}},
year = {{2019}},
}