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Design and synthesis of sialic acid derivatives

Rovegno, Caterina LU (2019) KEMP31 20191
Department of Chemistry
Abstract
The development and the use of anibiotics since the second half of XX century really affected the approach on treatment and prevention of infectious diseases. Despite a lot of resources and energies has been invested on the research, antibiotics resistance is a growing phenomenon in the last years.
Today this problem has become a real public health priority worldwide, not only for the important clinical implications, but also for the economic fallout of antibiotic-resistant bacteria infections, due to the additional cost required for the use of drugs and more expensive procedures, for lengthening hospital stays and for any disability.
Furthermore, the appearance of pathogens resistant to multiple antibiotics (multidrug resistance)... (More)
The development and the use of anibiotics since the second half of XX century really affected the approach on treatment and prevention of infectious diseases. Despite a lot of resources and energies has been invested on the research, antibiotics resistance is a growing phenomenon in the last years.
Today this problem has become a real public health priority worldwide, not only for the important clinical implications, but also for the economic fallout of antibiotic-resistant bacteria infections, due to the additional cost required for the use of drugs and more expensive procedures, for lengthening hospital stays and for any disability.
Furthermore, the appearance of pathogens resistant to multiple antibiotics (multidrug resistance) further reduces the possibility of effective treatment.
The problem of antibiotic resistance is complex because it is based on multiple factors: the increased use of these drugs (including inappropriate use), the spread of hospital infections by antibiotic-resistant microorganisms (and the limited control of these infections), an increase in international travel and therefore a greater diffusion of the strains. The continuous use of antibiotics increases the selective pressure favoring the emergence, multiplication and spread of resistant strains.

The project on which I worked on is trying to find an alternative approach to fight bacteria avoiding the use of antibiotics.
Sialic acid, in fact, is a very abundant sugar on our cells surfaces and it is involved in many biological processes. Most of the bacteria are not provided with sialic acid and they are use to steel it from other cells using many kind of transport protein and use it to elude human immune system and delaying the immune response.
The aim of the rearch is to find molecules that have a very high affinity for the binding site, higher than sialic acids itself. Reaching this goal it could be possible to inhibit the sialic acid's bacterial transport protein and and prevent them from camouflaging with the cells of the host organism and elude the immune response.
This approach could be basically an alternative way to counteract the bacteria infections avoiding the use of antibiotics. (Less)
Popular Abstract (Swedish)
Antibiotika är en av de viktigaste upptäckterna under 1900-talet. Med antibiotika blev det möjligt att bekämpa och förhindra bakteriella infektioner. Ett växande och svårlöst problem är antibiotikaresistans.
Detta projekt syftar till att hitta alternativ till klassisk antibiotika. Vi har arbetat med sialinsyra, en kolhydrat som återfinns på cellytan. De flesta bakterier tillverkar inte själva sialinsyra utan tar istället upp kolhydraten med hjälp av transportproteiner. Bakterierna använder sialinsyra för att maskera sig och därmed undkomma immunförsvaret. Vi har därför arbetat med att ta fram inhibitorer till dessa transportproteiner.
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
Rovegno, Caterina LU
supervisor
organization
course
KEMP31 20191
year
type
H2 - Master's Degree (Two Years)
subject
keywords
Organic chemistry, Organisk kemi
language
English
id
8992591
date added to LUP
2019-09-12 13:40:25
date last changed
2019-09-12 13:40:25
@misc{8992591,
  abstract     = {{The development and the use of anibiotics since the second half of XX century really affected the approach on treatment and prevention of infectious diseases. Despite a lot of resources and energies has been invested on the research, antibiotics resistance is a growing phenomenon in the last years.
Today this problem has become a real public health priority worldwide, not only for the important clinical implications, but also for the economic fallout of antibiotic-resistant bacteria infections, due to the additional cost required for the use of drugs and more expensive procedures, for lengthening hospital stays and for any disability.
Furthermore, the appearance of pathogens resistant to multiple antibiotics (multidrug resistance) further reduces the possibility of effective treatment.
The problem of antibiotic resistance is complex because it is based on multiple factors: the increased use of these drugs (including inappropriate use), the spread of hospital infections by antibiotic-resistant microorganisms (and the limited control of these infections), an increase in international travel and therefore a greater diffusion of the strains. The continuous use of antibiotics increases the selective pressure favoring the emergence, multiplication and spread of resistant strains.

The project on which I worked on is trying to find an alternative approach to fight bacteria avoiding the use of antibiotics.
Sialic acid, in fact, is a very abundant sugar on our cells surfaces and it is involved in many biological processes. Most of the bacteria are not provided with sialic acid and they are use to steel it from other cells using many kind of transport protein and use it to elude human immune system and delaying the immune response.
The aim of the rearch is to find molecules that have a very high affinity for the binding site, higher than sialic acids itself. Reaching this goal it could be possible to inhibit the sialic acid's bacterial transport protein and and prevent them from camouflaging with the cells of the host organism and elude the immune response.
This approach could be basically an alternative way to counteract the bacteria infections avoiding the use of antibiotics.}},
  author       = {{Rovegno, Caterina}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  note         = {{Student Paper}},
  title        = {{Design and synthesis of sialic acid derivatives}},
  year         = {{2019}},
}