Identification of high-amylose lines in a mutagenized oat population
(2020) KBKM01 20202Pure and Applied Biochemistry
- Abstract
- Oat starch, like starch from other plants, is composed of amylose and amylopectin. The arrangement and abundance of these polysaccharides offers distinct properties to the formed starch. Starch with an elevated amount of amylose is of commercial interest and amount of amylose present in oats differs within cultivars.
In this study, a mutant oat population developed by CropTailor was screened using a specially developed biochemical assay to identify lines with higher amylose content compared to the non-mutated oat Belinda, which was used as a control. Once the mutant lines are identified, they can be backcrossed to other oat varieties to produce new lines with improved properties. The amylose assay used was optimized in several steps to... (More) - Oat starch, like starch from other plants, is composed of amylose and amylopectin. The arrangement and abundance of these polysaccharides offers distinct properties to the formed starch. Starch with an elevated amount of amylose is of commercial interest and amount of amylose present in oats differs within cultivars.
In this study, a mutant oat population developed by CropTailor was screened using a specially developed biochemical assay to identify lines with higher amylose content compared to the non-mutated oat Belinda, which was used as a control. Once the mutant lines are identified, they can be backcrossed to other oat varieties to produce new lines with improved properties. The amylose assay used was optimized in several steps to quantitate amylose content in a rapid, high throughput way without the requirement of expensive equipment and complex reagents. Overall, 481 mutant oat lines were screened out of which four lines were identified with higher amylose content than Belinda. These lines were denoted: LT17-CT0275-M7, LT17-CT0340-M7, LT17-CT1132-M7, and LT17-CT1138-M7. The lines were also characterized for their total starch, β-glucan, and dietary fiber content. A literature study was conducted to determine possible gene candidates responsible for biosynthesis of amylose and amylopectin in oats, but further genomic studies are required to elucidate the biosynthesis of amylose and to verify the corresponding functional genes. (Less) - Popular Abstract
- Oats is a well-known commercial crop, ranked 7th in worldwide cereal production. Oat is still mainly used as animal feedstock but has increased as a food crop during the last ten years due to a higher appreciation of its health promoting properties. Oat has a high nutritional value due to the higher fiber, protein and lipid content compared to similar cereal types. This has paved the way for oats being used in many industries as a source of oil, and as replacements for animal protein. Research suggests that regular intake of oats is beneficial to the cardiovascular and gastrointestinal system as it is rich in dietary fiber. Dietary fiber is linked to lower glycemic index and healthier gut microbiota which is especially good for patients... (More)
- Oats is a well-known commercial crop, ranked 7th in worldwide cereal production. Oat is still mainly used as animal feedstock but has increased as a food crop during the last ten years due to a higher appreciation of its health promoting properties. Oat has a high nutritional value due to the higher fiber, protein and lipid content compared to similar cereal types. This has paved the way for oats being used in many industries as a source of oil, and as replacements for animal protein. Research suggests that regular intake of oats is beneficial to the cardiovascular and gastrointestinal system as it is rich in dietary fiber. Dietary fiber is linked to lower glycemic index and healthier gut microbiota which is especially good for patients with pre-existing conditions such as diabetes. The small granule size of the starch and the way the starch contents are packed give oats many interesting properties relevant to use in filmmaking and paper-milling industries. Furthermore, oat is a hardy and healthy crop that tolerates rain and cold weather conditions and requires fewer nutrients and other chemical input for growth.
While the constituents of the oat grain are well understood, few studies have been done on the biosynthesis of α-glucans such as amylose in oats. This requires a large genetic variation within cultivars which does not exist in most regions. Oat varieties are fewer in number compared to cereals such as wheat and maize which means that there is a high scope for development of newer varieties through crossing and mutagenesis to obtain cultivars with desired or improved properties.
CropTailor has developed a large mutant population of oats by inducing random mutations in DNA of oat Belinda (Avena sativa) [25]. This population can be screened for lines possessing phenotypic changes and desirable properties. The lines of interest can be of commercial use and also can be used to backtrack and identify the mutations responsible for the change in properties such as amylose, protein, and lipid content, among others. The study of the pathways associated with oat traits can help in developing the functional annotation of oat genes and further the understanding of the oat genome. In this study, several mutant lines of oat were screened for their amylose content using an adapted biochemical assay accommodating several samples at once. The four lines which were found to contain higher amylose levels in the grain were then characterized for their total starch, β-glucan, and dietary fiber content to check to see the relative changes with respect to amylose. Finally, some genes from barley were investigated if they could be used as candidate genes to identify corresponding genes with similar function in oats. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
http://lup.lub.lu.se/student-papers/record/9032639
- author
- Bhargavi Logou, Navneeth LU
- supervisor
-
- Jose Zambrano LU
- Andreas Hansson LU
- organization
- course
- KBKM01 20202
- year
- 2020
- type
- H2 - Master's Degree (Two Years)
- subject
- keywords
- oat, amylose, amylopectin, mutant, starch, biotechnology, iodine, colorimetric, iodometric, defatting, applied biochemistry, tillämpad biokemi
- language
- English
- id
- 9032639
- date added to LUP
- 2020-12-11 14:23:06
- date last changed
- 2020-12-11 14:23:06
@misc{9032639,
abstract = {{Oat starch, like starch from other plants, is composed of amylose and amylopectin. The arrangement and abundance of these polysaccharides offers distinct properties to the formed starch. Starch with an elevated amount of amylose is of commercial interest and amount of amylose present in oats differs within cultivars.
In this study, a mutant oat population developed by CropTailor was screened using a specially developed biochemical assay to identify lines with higher amylose content compared to the non-mutated oat Belinda, which was used as a control. Once the mutant lines are identified, they can be backcrossed to other oat varieties to produce new lines with improved properties. The amylose assay used was optimized in several steps to quantitate amylose content in a rapid, high throughput way without the requirement of expensive equipment and complex reagents. Overall, 481 mutant oat lines were screened out of which four lines were identified with higher amylose content than Belinda. These lines were denoted: LT17-CT0275-M7, LT17-CT0340-M7, LT17-CT1132-M7, and LT17-CT1138-M7. The lines were also characterized for their total starch, β-glucan, and dietary fiber content. A literature study was conducted to determine possible gene candidates responsible for biosynthesis of amylose and amylopectin in oats, but further genomic studies are required to elucidate the biosynthesis of amylose and to verify the corresponding functional genes.}},
author = {{Bhargavi Logou, Navneeth}},
language = {{eng}},
note = {{Student Paper}},
title = {{Identification of high-amylose lines in a mutagenized oat population}},
year = {{2020}},
}