Arabinoxylan and its potential role in lowering the glycaemic index
(2022) KBKM01 20221Pure and Applied Biochemistry
- Abstract
- Oat (Avena sativa) is a cereal crop rich in dietary fibre, vitamins, antioxidants and other nutrients. It is considered to have higher nutritional values compared to other cereals (Tosh & Miller, 2016).
Arabinoxylan (AX) is a hemicellulose naturally abundant in cereal crops. It is a major component of dietary fibre in crops like wheat, barley, rye, maize, rice and oats (Lu et al., 2000).
Studies have shown that dietary fibres have an effect in reducing the postprandial glycaemic response by lowering the absorption of glucose. In oats, β-Glucan and arabinoxylan are the two main dietary fibres. While most of the studies are done focusing on β-Glucan, AX is a highly potential health beneficial fibre (Jayachandran et al., 2018) (Chen et... (More) - Oat (Avena sativa) is a cereal crop rich in dietary fibre, vitamins, antioxidants and other nutrients. It is considered to have higher nutritional values compared to other cereals (Tosh & Miller, 2016).
Arabinoxylan (AX) is a hemicellulose naturally abundant in cereal crops. It is a major component of dietary fibre in crops like wheat, barley, rye, maize, rice and oats (Lu et al., 2000).
Studies have shown that dietary fibres have an effect in reducing the postprandial glycaemic response by lowering the absorption of glucose. In oats, β-Glucan and arabinoxylan are the two main dietary fibres. While most of the studies are done focusing on β-Glucan, AX is a highly potential health beneficial fibre (Jayachandran et al., 2018) (Chen et al., 2019).
From previous studies, the high AX content line CT0320 from CropTailor AB, was selected as a promising line to further study the starch hydrolysis effect.
In this study, the line CT0320 which contains 5.04% of AX, has been studied in the in vitro starch hydrolysis method. From the results, this line consistently showed a significant reduction in the starch hydrolysis compared to Belinda, the reference oat which has 2.90% of AX. The Hydrolysis Index (HI) values were calculated as an indicator to the glycemic index which correspond to glucose levels in blood. The HI values are lower than Belinda in all the experiments where AX is present in the sample and contrarily HI values were higher when AX was removed from the sample. The evidence indicates that the high AX content in the oat flour may be the cause of the effects observed on the digestion of starch, indicating a potentially glycemic response-lowering effect.
Furthermore, viscosity analysis for the high AX line and Belinda have been performed and no difference has been noticed indicating that AX may be the main responsible for the effects seen in the HI assay. What is more, analysis on the oil and protein content to further characterize this line together with protein integrity analysis after heat treatment (HT) of the samples have been performed. Both oil and protein content seem to be higher in the CT0320 line compared to Belinda. From the results, the HT appears to be affecting the solubilization of the proteins, as it shows less proteins in the soluble protein after HT but same pattern for the total protein fraction. (Less) - Popular Abstract
- Oat (Avena sativa) is a cereal crop rich in nutrients and with higher nutritional values than other cereals (Tosh & Miller, 2016). An interesting nutrient present in oat is the dietary fibre, a portion of plant-based food that cannot be completely digested. A diet high in fibre is beneficial for human health.
Arabinoxylan (AX) is a component of the dietary fibre, and it is present in different crops such as wheat, barley, rye, maize, rice and oats (Lu et al., 2000). Several studies indicate that AX can have beneficial effects in human health. Specifically, reducing the blood glucose after food consumption. This is desired in order to avoid diseases such as diabetes and heart diseases.
In this project, a specific line of oat that has... (More) - Oat (Avena sativa) is a cereal crop rich in nutrients and with higher nutritional values than other cereals (Tosh & Miller, 2016). An interesting nutrient present in oat is the dietary fibre, a portion of plant-based food that cannot be completely digested. A diet high in fibre is beneficial for human health.
Arabinoxylan (AX) is a component of the dietary fibre, and it is present in different crops such as wheat, barley, rye, maize, rice and oats (Lu et al., 2000). Several studies indicate that AX can have beneficial effects in human health. Specifically, reducing the blood glucose after food consumption. This is desired in order to avoid diseases such as diabetes and heart diseases.
In this project, a specific line of oat that has higher amount of AX has been studied in comparison with a reference one with lower amount of AX. Those oat lines are obtained from CropTailor, a biotechnology company based in Sweden. The effect of this oat has been tested in experiments carried out in the laboratory showing an indicative value of the glucose level in blood.
Several experiments have been performed removing other fibres presents in the oat and testing the effect of the AX. In conclusion, lower values of glucose level in blood can be achieved when consuming the high AX oat. The results indicate that this conclusion is potentially accomplished due to the high content of AX and no other factors or elements present in the oat.
Moreover, some experiments have been performed to know more details about this specific oat line. Among others, the amount of oil and proteins present in this oat line have been obtained showing a higher content than the reference oat. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
http://lup.lub.lu.se/student-papers/record/9092850
- author
- Barjuan Grau, Anna LU
- supervisor
- organization
- course
- KBKM01 20221
- year
- 2022
- type
- H2 - Master's Degree (Two Years)
- subject
- keywords
- Oat, arabinoxylan, dietary fibre, starch hydrolisis, applied biochemistry
- language
- English
- id
- 9092850
- date added to LUP
- 2023-05-08 10:44:38
- date last changed
- 2023-05-08 10:44:38
@misc{9092850,
abstract = {{Oat (Avena sativa) is a cereal crop rich in dietary fibre, vitamins, antioxidants and other nutrients. It is considered to have higher nutritional values compared to other cereals (Tosh & Miller, 2016).
Arabinoxylan (AX) is a hemicellulose naturally abundant in cereal crops. It is a major component of dietary fibre in crops like wheat, barley, rye, maize, rice and oats (Lu et al., 2000).
Studies have shown that dietary fibres have an effect in reducing the postprandial glycaemic response by lowering the absorption of glucose. In oats, β-Glucan and arabinoxylan are the two main dietary fibres. While most of the studies are done focusing on β-Glucan, AX is a highly potential health beneficial fibre (Jayachandran et al., 2018) (Chen et al., 2019).
From previous studies, the high AX content line CT0320 from CropTailor AB, was selected as a promising line to further study the starch hydrolysis effect.
In this study, the line CT0320 which contains 5.04% of AX, has been studied in the in vitro starch hydrolysis method. From the results, this line consistently showed a significant reduction in the starch hydrolysis compared to Belinda, the reference oat which has 2.90% of AX. The Hydrolysis Index (HI) values were calculated as an indicator to the glycemic index which correspond to glucose levels in blood. The HI values are lower than Belinda in all the experiments where AX is present in the sample and contrarily HI values were higher when AX was removed from the sample. The evidence indicates that the high AX content in the oat flour may be the cause of the effects observed on the digestion of starch, indicating a potentially glycemic response-lowering effect.
Furthermore, viscosity analysis for the high AX line and Belinda have been performed and no difference has been noticed indicating that AX may be the main responsible for the effects seen in the HI assay. What is more, analysis on the oil and protein content to further characterize this line together with protein integrity analysis after heat treatment (HT) of the samples have been performed. Both oil and protein content seem to be higher in the CT0320 line compared to Belinda. From the results, the HT appears to be affecting the solubilization of the proteins, as it shows less proteins in the soluble protein after HT but same pattern for the total protein fraction.}},
author = {{Barjuan Grau, Anna}},
language = {{eng}},
note = {{Student Paper}},
title = {{Arabinoxylan and its potential role in lowering the glycaemic index}},
year = {{2022}},
}