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Gas Chromatographic Method Development for Analysis of Samples from a Carbon Capture Pilot Plant

Wedin, David LU (2024) KETM05 20231
Chemical Engineering (M.Sc.Eng.)
Abstract
In response to the escalating threat of climate change, carbon capture and storage have gained increasing attention as an important component in mitigating the global carbon dioxide emissions. Substantial research efforts have focused on enhancing the energy efficiency and availability of these technologies. At the Department of Chemical Engineering at Lund University, research is being carried out to investigate a novel absorption system and its potential as an alternative to more conventional systems. The absorption mixture consists of the sterically hindered amine 2-amino-2-metyl-1-propanol (AMP) and the organic solvent dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). As part of the research, the absorption system is being tested and evaluated on a pilot... (More)
In response to the escalating threat of climate change, carbon capture and storage have gained increasing attention as an important component in mitigating the global carbon dioxide emissions. Substantial research efforts have focused on enhancing the energy efficiency and availability of these technologies. At the Department of Chemical Engineering at Lund University, research is being carried out to investigate a novel absorption system and its potential as an alternative to more conventional systems. The absorption mixture consists of the sterically hindered amine 2-amino-2-metyl-1-propanol (AMP) and the organic solvent dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). As part of the research, the absorption system is being tested and evaluated on a pilot plant scale, operating in an industrial setting at Växjö Energi AB. In this thesis, gas chromatographic methods were investigated as analysis methods for measuring AMP and DMSO concentrations in the pilot plant. Both qualitative and quantitative analysis were performed, and the methods were validated based on selectivity, linearity and precision. Three different solvents were investigated, acetonitrile, sulfamic acid and sulfuric acid.

The results showed that qualitative and quantitative gas chromatographic analysis can be performed to give estimations of the AMP and DMSO concentrations. Acetonitrile proved to perform best as the solvent and a linear response between detector response and concentration could be obtained for both AMP and DMSO. The results also suggested that large amounts of water in samples analyzed with the gas chromatographic set up caused unstable detector response.

Analysis of samples from the pilot plant demonstrated a more pronounced concentration decrease of AMP compared to DMSO, after gas streams were introduced into the pilot, indicating that AMP likely participates in reactions. It was also shown that the concentrations of AMP and DMSO in the gas streams leaving the pilot were small, implying that the implementation of this absorption system into various processes would result in only minor emissions of the absorption mixture. (Less)
Popular Abstract (Swedish)
Som svar på det eskalerande hotet från klimatförändringar har koldioxidinfångning fått alltmer uppmärksamhet som en viktig teknik för att minska de globala koldioxidutsläppen. Stora forskningsinsatser fokuserar nu på att förbättra energieffektiviteten och tillgängligheten för dessa tekniker. Vid Institutionen för Kemiteknik vid Lunds Universitet, bedrivs forskning för att undersöka ett nytt absorptionssystem för koldioxidinfångning och dess potential som ett alternativ till mer traditionella system. Absorptionssystemet består av den steriskt hindrade aminen 2-amino-2-metyl-1-propanol (AMP) och det organiska lösningsmedlet dimetylsulfoxid (DMSO). Som en del i forskningsprojektet testas systemet i pilotskala på en industriell anläggning på... (More)
Som svar på det eskalerande hotet från klimatförändringar har koldioxidinfångning fått alltmer uppmärksamhet som en viktig teknik för att minska de globala koldioxidutsläppen. Stora forskningsinsatser fokuserar nu på att förbättra energieffektiviteten och tillgängligheten för dessa tekniker. Vid Institutionen för Kemiteknik vid Lunds Universitet, bedrivs forskning för att undersöka ett nytt absorptionssystem för koldioxidinfångning och dess potential som ett alternativ till mer traditionella system. Absorptionssystemet består av den steriskt hindrade aminen 2-amino-2-metyl-1-propanol (AMP) och det organiska lösningsmedlet dimetylsulfoxid (DMSO). Som en del i forskningsprojektet testas systemet i pilotskala på en industriell anläggning på Växjö Energi AB. I detta examensarbete har gaskromatografiska metoder undersökts som analysmetoder för att mäta AMP- och DMSO-koncentrationer i pilotanläggningen. Både kvalitativ och kvantitativ analys utfördes och metoderna validerades baserat på selektivitet, linjäritet och precision. Tre lösningsmedel testades, acetonitril, sulfaminsyra och svavelsyra.

Resultaten från undersökningarna visade att både kvalitativ och kvantitativ gaskromatografisk analys kunde genomföras för att ge en uppskattad koncentration av AMP och DMSO. Acetonitril visade sig fungera bäst som lösningsmedel och ett linjärt samband mellan detektorrespons och koncentration erhölls för både AMP och DMSO. Resultaten antydde också att för stora mängder vatten i proverna som analyserades i gaskromatografen orsakade instabil detektorrespons.

Analys av prover från pilotanläggningen kunde också visa på en större koncentrationsminskning av AMP jämfört med DMSO, efter att absorptionslösningen passerat absorptionstornet, vilket indikerar att AMP troligtvis deltar i reaktioner. Det kunde också visas att koncentrationerna av AMP och DMSO i gasflödena ut ur piloten var små, vilket innebär att implementeringen av detta absorptionssystem i olika processer troligtvis endast skulle resultera i mindre utsläpp av absorptionsblandningen. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
Wedin, David LU
supervisor
organization
course
KETM05 20231
year
type
H2 - Master's Degree (Two Years)
subject
keywords
Carbon Capture and Storage, CCS, AMP/DMSO, Gas Chromatography, amine absorption, analysis method development, Chemical Engineering
language
English
id
9147044
date added to LUP
2024-02-05 09:11:03
date last changed
2024-02-05 09:11:03
@misc{9147044,
  abstract     = {{In response to the escalating threat of climate change, carbon capture and storage have gained increasing attention as an important component in mitigating the global carbon dioxide emissions. Substantial research efforts have focused on enhancing the energy efficiency and availability of these technologies. At the Department of Chemical Engineering at Lund University, research is being carried out to investigate a novel absorption system and its potential as an alternative to more conventional systems. The absorption mixture consists of the sterically hindered amine 2-amino-2-metyl-1-propanol (AMP) and the organic solvent dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). As part of the research, the absorption system is being tested and evaluated on a pilot plant scale, operating in an industrial setting at Växjö Energi AB. In this thesis, gas chromatographic methods were investigated as analysis methods for measuring AMP and DMSO concentrations in the pilot plant. Both qualitative and quantitative analysis were performed, and the methods were validated based on selectivity, linearity and precision. Three different solvents were investigated, acetonitrile, sulfamic acid and sulfuric acid.

The results showed that qualitative and quantitative gas chromatographic analysis can be performed to give estimations of the AMP and DMSO concentrations. Acetonitrile proved to perform best as the solvent and a linear response between detector response and concentration could be obtained for both AMP and DMSO. The results also suggested that large amounts of water in samples analyzed with the gas chromatographic set up caused unstable detector response.
 
Analysis of samples from the pilot plant demonstrated a more pronounced concentration decrease of AMP compared to DMSO, after gas streams were introduced into the pilot, indicating that AMP likely participates in reactions. It was also shown that the concentrations of AMP and DMSO in the gas streams leaving the pilot were small, implying that the implementation of this absorption system into various processes would result in only minor emissions of the absorption mixture.}},
  author       = {{Wedin, David}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  note         = {{Student Paper}},
  title        = {{Gas Chromatographic Method Development for Analysis of Samples from a Carbon Capture Pilot Plant}},
  year         = {{2024}},
}