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Chemical analysis of 2,4-toluene diisocyanate, 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate and isophorone diisocyanate in petrolatum patch-test preparations.

Engfeldt, Malin LU ; Zimerson, Erik LU ; Karlsson, Daniel ; Marand, Åsa LU ; Skarping, Gunnar LU ; Isaksson, Marléne LU and Bruze, Magnus LU (2005) In Dermatitis 16(3). p.130-135
Abstract
Background: Isocyanates with the general formula R-(N=C=O) are theoretically contact sensitizers. However, allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) from isocyanates is seldom reported. In previous reports, patients reacted to their isocyanate-based work materials but not to commercial patch-test preparations of isocyanates. Therefore, we suspected that the low frequency of reported ACD from isocyanates was partly due to inadequate commercial preparations. A past study also showed the concentrations of diphenylmethane-4,4'-diisocyanate (4,4'-MDI) in petrolatum preparations to be much lower than declared. Objective: In this study, 2,4-toluene diisocyanate (2,4-TDI), 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate (1,6-HDI), and isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) were... (More)
Background: Isocyanates with the general formula R-(N=C=O) are theoretically contact sensitizers. However, allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) from isocyanates is seldom reported. In previous reports, patients reacted to their isocyanate-based work materials but not to commercial patch-test preparations of isocyanates. Therefore, we suspected that the low frequency of reported ACD from isocyanates was partly due to inadequate commercial preparations. A past study also showed the concentrations of diphenylmethane-4,4'-diisocyanate (4,4'-MDI) in petrolatum preparations to be much lower than declared. Objective: In this study, 2,4-toluene diisocyanate (2,4-TDI), 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate (1,6-HDI), and isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) were investigated in a similar fashion. Methods: In preparations from 12 dermatology departments and two suppliers of patch-test allergens, we determined the isocyanate content as the isocyanate-dibutylamine derivative, using liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry. The preparations were considered stable if the ratio between the stated and found concentrations was within the range of 0.8 to 1.2. Results: Although 28 of 36 investigated preparations had ratios outside of the stable range, they were in its vicinity, which indicates that preparations of 2,4-TDI, 1,6-HDI, and IPDI are more stable than are preparations of 4,4'-MDI where previously reported results showed ratios far outside of stable range. Conclusion: As opposed to preparations of 4,4'-MDI, preparations of 2,4-TDI, 1,6-HDI, and IPDI can be considered to be stable. (Less)
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author
; ; ; ; ; and
organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
in
Dermatitis
volume
16
issue
3
pages
130 - 135
publisher
Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
external identifiers
  • wos:000234175200007
  • pmid:16242085
  • scopus:33645104838
ISSN
1710-3568
language
English
LU publication?
yes
additional info
The information about affiliations in this record was updated in December 2015. The record was previously connected to the following departments: Occupational and Environmental Dermatology Unit (013241310), Pediatrics/Urology/Gynecology/Endocrinology (013240400), Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine (013078001)
id
4e66a011-49ce-46d5-b59a-41c139174338 (old id 144478)
alternative location
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=16242085&dopt=Abstract
date added to LUP
2016-04-01 12:10:23
date last changed
2022-04-13 07:11:04
@article{4e66a011-49ce-46d5-b59a-41c139174338,
  abstract     = {{Background: Isocyanates with the general formula R-(N=C=O) are theoretically contact sensitizers. However, allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) from isocyanates is seldom reported. In previous reports, patients reacted to their isocyanate-based work materials but not to commercial patch-test preparations of isocyanates. Therefore, we suspected that the low frequency of reported ACD from isocyanates was partly due to inadequate commercial preparations. A past study also showed the concentrations of diphenylmethane-4,4'-diisocyanate (4,4'-MDI) in petrolatum preparations to be much lower than declared. Objective: In this study, 2,4-toluene diisocyanate (2,4-TDI), 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate (1,6-HDI), and isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) were investigated in a similar fashion. Methods: In preparations from 12 dermatology departments and two suppliers of patch-test allergens, we determined the isocyanate content as the isocyanate-dibutylamine derivative, using liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry. The preparations were considered stable if the ratio between the stated and found concentrations was within the range of 0.8 to 1.2. Results: Although 28 of 36 investigated preparations had ratios outside of the stable range, they were in its vicinity, which indicates that preparations of 2,4-TDI, 1,6-HDI, and IPDI are more stable than are preparations of 4,4'-MDI where previously reported results showed ratios far outside of stable range. Conclusion: As opposed to preparations of 4,4'-MDI, preparations of 2,4-TDI, 1,6-HDI, and IPDI can be considered to be stable.}},
  author       = {{Engfeldt, Malin and Zimerson, Erik and Karlsson, Daniel and Marand, Åsa and Skarping, Gunnar and Isaksson, Marléne and Bruze, Magnus}},
  issn         = {{1710-3568}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{3}},
  pages        = {{130--135}},
  publisher    = {{Lippincott Williams & Wilkins}},
  series       = {{Dermatitis}},
  title        = {{Chemical analysis of 2,4-toluene diisocyanate, 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate and isophorone diisocyanate in petrolatum patch-test preparations.}},
  url          = {{http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=16242085&dopt=Abstract}},
  volume       = {{16}},
  year         = {{2005}},
}