36 h fasting of young men influences adipose tissue DNA methylation of LEP and ADIPOQ in a birth weight-dependent manner
Hjort, Line ; Jørgensen, Sine W ; Gillberg, Linn LU ; Hall, Elin LU ; Brøns, Charlotte ; Frystyk, Jan ; Vaag, Allan A. LU and Ling, Charlotte LU
(2017)
In Clinical Epigenetics
9(1).
- Abstract
Background: Subjects born with low birth weight (LBW) display a more energy-conserving response to fasting compared with normal birth weight (NBW) subjects. However, the molecular mechanisms explaining these metabolic differences remain unknown. Environmental influences may dynamically affect epigenetic marks, also in postnatal life. Here, we aimed to study the effects of short-term fasting on leptin (LEP) and adiponectin (ADIPOQ) DNA methylation and gene expression in subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) from subjects with LBW and NBW. Methods: Twenty-one young LBW men and 18 matched NBW controls were studied during 36 h fasting. Eight subjects from each group completed a control study (overnight fast). We analyzed SAT LEP and ADIPOQ... (More)
Background: Subjects born with low birth weight (LBW) display a more energy-conserving response to fasting compared with normal birth weight (NBW) subjects. However, the molecular mechanisms explaining these metabolic differences remain unknown. Environmental influences may dynamically affect epigenetic marks, also in postnatal life. Here, we aimed to study the effects of short-term fasting on leptin (LEP) and adiponectin (ADIPOQ) DNA methylation and gene expression in subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) from subjects with LBW and NBW. Methods: Twenty-one young LBW men and 18 matched NBW controls were studied during 36 h fasting. Eight subjects from each group completed a control study (overnight fast). We analyzed SAT LEP and ADIPOQ methylation (Epityper MassARRAY), gene expression (q-PCR), and adipokine plasma levels. Results: After overnight fast (control study), LEP and ADIPOQ DNA methylation levels were higher in LBW compared to those in NBW subjects (p ≤ 0.03) and increased with 36 h fasting in NBW subjects only (p ≤ 0.06). Both LEP and ADIPOQ methylation levels were positively associated with total body fat percentage (p ≤ 0.05). Plasma leptin levels were higher in LBW versus NBW subjects after overnight fasting (p = 0.04) and decreased more than threefold in both groups after 36 h fasting (p ≤ 0.0001). Conclusions: This is the first study to demonstrate that fasting induces changes in DNA methylation. This was shown in LEP and ADIPOQ promoters in SAT among NBW but not LBW subjects. The altered epigenetic flexibility in LBW subjects might contribute to their differential response to fasting, adipokine levels, and increased risk of metabolic disease.
(Less)
- author
- Hjort, Line
; Jørgensen, Sine W
; Gillberg, Linn
LU
; Hall, Elin
LU
; Brøns, Charlotte
; Frystyk, Jan
; Vaag, Allan A.
LU
and Ling, Charlotte
LU
- organization
- publishing date
- 2017-04-21
- type
- Contribution to journal
- publication status
- published
- subject
- keywords
- Adiponectin, Adipose tissue, Epigenetics, Fasting, Leptin, Low birth weight, Type 2 diabetes
- in
- Clinical Epigenetics
- volume
- 9
- issue
- 1
- article number
- 40
- publisher
- BioMed Central (BMC)
- external identifiers
-
- pmid:28439315
- wos:000400789600001
- scopus:85018510839
- ISSN
- 1868-7075
- DOI
- 10.1186/s13148-017-0340-8
- language
- English
- LU publication?
- yes
- id
- 3e2c0156-69d1-4230-94d8-a0651de40441
- date added to LUP
- 2017-05-18 11:21:18
- date last changed
- 2024-03-31 09:55:31
@article{3e2c0156-69d1-4230-94d8-a0651de40441,
abstract = {{<p>Background: Subjects born with low birth weight (LBW) display a more energy-conserving response to fasting compared with normal birth weight (NBW) subjects. However, the molecular mechanisms explaining these metabolic differences remain unknown. Environmental influences may dynamically affect epigenetic marks, also in postnatal life. Here, we aimed to study the effects of short-term fasting on leptin (LEP) and adiponectin (ADIPOQ) DNA methylation and gene expression in subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) from subjects with LBW and NBW. Methods: Twenty-one young LBW men and 18 matched NBW controls were studied during 36 h fasting. Eight subjects from each group completed a control study (overnight fast). We analyzed SAT LEP and ADIPOQ methylation (Epityper MassARRAY), gene expression (q-PCR), and adipokine plasma levels. Results: After overnight fast (control study), LEP and ADIPOQ DNA methylation levels were higher in LBW compared to those in NBW subjects (p ≤ 0.03) and increased with 36 h fasting in NBW subjects only (p ≤ 0.06). Both LEP and ADIPOQ methylation levels were positively associated with total body fat percentage (p ≤ 0.05). Plasma leptin levels were higher in LBW versus NBW subjects after overnight fasting (p = 0.04) and decreased more than threefold in both groups after 36 h fasting (p ≤ 0.0001). Conclusions: This is the first study to demonstrate that fasting induces changes in DNA methylation. This was shown in LEP and ADIPOQ promoters in SAT among NBW but not LBW subjects. The altered epigenetic flexibility in LBW subjects might contribute to their differential response to fasting, adipokine levels, and increased risk of metabolic disease.</p>}},
author = {{Hjort, Line and Jørgensen, Sine W and Gillberg, Linn and Hall, Elin and Brøns, Charlotte and Frystyk, Jan and Vaag, Allan A. and Ling, Charlotte}},
issn = {{1868-7075}},
keywords = {{Adiponectin; Adipose tissue; Epigenetics; Fasting; Leptin; Low birth weight; Type 2 diabetes}},
language = {{eng}},
month = {{04}},
number = {{1}},
publisher = {{BioMed Central (BMC)}},
series = {{Clinical Epigenetics}},
title = {{36 h fasting of young men influences adipose tissue DNA methylation of LEP and ADIPOQ in a birth weight-dependent manner}},
url = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13148-017-0340-8}},
doi = {{10.1186/s13148-017-0340-8}},
volume = {{9}},
year = {{2017}},
}