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The burden, distribution and risk factors for cervical oncogenic human papilloma virus infection in HIV positive Nigerian women

Ezechi, Oliver LU ; Östergren, Per-Olof LU ; Nwaokorie, Francisca Obiageri ; Ujah, Innocent Achaya Otobo and Odberg Pettersson, Karen LU (2014) In Virology Journal 11(5).
Abstract
Background: The expected reduction in cervical cancer incidence as a result of increased access to antiretroviral therapy is yet to be seen. In this study we investigated the effect of HIV infection and treatment on high-risk (hr) human papilloma virus (HPV) prevalence and distribution. Methods: Cervical cells from 515 (220 HIV positive and 295 HIV negative) women, recruited during community cervical cancer screening programme in states of Ogun and Lagos and at the cervical cancer screen clinic, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research Lagos were evaluated for the presence of 13 hr HPV genotypes by polymerase chain reaction based assay. Results: The prevalence of high-risk HPV was 19.6% in the studied population. HPV 16 (3.9%), 35 (3.5%), 58... (More)
Background: The expected reduction in cervical cancer incidence as a result of increased access to antiretroviral therapy is yet to be seen. In this study we investigated the effect of HIV infection and treatment on high-risk (hr) human papilloma virus (HPV) prevalence and distribution. Methods: Cervical cells from 515 (220 HIV positive and 295 HIV negative) women, recruited during community cervical cancer screening programme in states of Ogun and Lagos and at the cervical cancer screen clinic, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research Lagos were evaluated for the presence of 13 hr HPV genotypes by polymerase chain reaction based assay. Results: The prevalence of high-risk HPV was 19.6% in the studied population. HPV 16 (3.9%), 35 (3.5%), 58 (3.3%) and 31 (3.3%) were the most common hr HPV infections detected. We observed that the prevalence of hr HPV was higher in HIV positives (24.5%) than 15.9% in HIV negative women (OR = 1.7; 95% CI: 1.1-2.7). A multivariate logistic regression analysis showed a lower hr HPV prevalence in HIV positive women on antiretroviral drugs (OR = 0.4; 95% CI: 0.3-0.5) and with CD4 count of 500 and above (OR = 0.7; 95% CI: 0.5-0.8). A higher prevalence of hr HPV was also noted in HIV positive women with CD4 count <200 cells/mm3 (OR = 2.4; 95% CI: 1.7-5.9). Conclusion: HPV 16, 35, 58 and 31 genotypes were the most common hr HPV infection in our study group, which could be regarded as high risk general population sample; with higher prevalence of HPV 16 and 35 in HIV positive women than in HIV negative women. The use of antiretroviral drugs was found to be associated with a lower prevalence of hr HPV infection, compared to those not on treatment. This study raises important issues that should be further investigated to enable the development of robust cervical cancer prevention and control strategies for women in our setting. (Less)
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author
; ; ; and
organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
keywords
Human papilloma virus (HPV), Cervical cancer, HIV, Antiretroviral, therapy
in
Virology Journal
volume
11
issue
5
publisher
BioMed Central (BMC)
external identifiers
  • wos:000330052800001
  • scopus:84892682351
  • pmid:24433568
ISSN
1743-422X
DOI
10.1186/1743-422X-11-5
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
cff50bef-d78f-41dd-b78c-ac692ac24d29 (old id 4318980)
date added to LUP
2016-04-01 14:21:16
date last changed
2022-03-29 20:29:40
@article{cff50bef-d78f-41dd-b78c-ac692ac24d29,
  abstract     = {{Background: The expected reduction in cervical cancer incidence as a result of increased access to antiretroviral therapy is yet to be seen. In this study we investigated the effect of HIV infection and treatment on high-risk (hr) human papilloma virus (HPV) prevalence and distribution. Methods: Cervical cells from 515 (220 HIV positive and 295 HIV negative) women, recruited during community cervical cancer screening programme in states of Ogun and Lagos and at the cervical cancer screen clinic, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research Lagos were evaluated for the presence of 13 hr HPV genotypes by polymerase chain reaction based assay. Results: The prevalence of high-risk HPV was 19.6% in the studied population. HPV 16 (3.9%), 35 (3.5%), 58 (3.3%) and 31 (3.3%) were the most common hr HPV infections detected. We observed that the prevalence of hr HPV was higher in HIV positives (24.5%) than 15.9% in HIV negative women (OR = 1.7; 95% CI: 1.1-2.7). A multivariate logistic regression analysis showed a lower hr HPV prevalence in HIV positive women on antiretroviral drugs (OR = 0.4; 95% CI: 0.3-0.5) and with CD4 count of 500 and above (OR = 0.7; 95% CI: 0.5-0.8). A higher prevalence of hr HPV was also noted in HIV positive women with CD4 count &lt;200 cells/mm3 (OR = 2.4; 95% CI: 1.7-5.9). Conclusion: HPV 16, 35, 58 and 31 genotypes were the most common hr HPV infection in our study group, which could be regarded as high risk general population sample; with higher prevalence of HPV 16 and 35 in HIV positive women than in HIV negative women. The use of antiretroviral drugs was found to be associated with a lower prevalence of hr HPV infection, compared to those not on treatment. This study raises important issues that should be further investigated to enable the development of robust cervical cancer prevention and control strategies for women in our setting.}},
  author       = {{Ezechi, Oliver and Östergren, Per-Olof and Nwaokorie, Francisca Obiageri and Ujah, Innocent Achaya Otobo and Odberg Pettersson, Karen}},
  issn         = {{1743-422X}},
  keywords     = {{Human papilloma virus (HPV); Cervical cancer; HIV; Antiretroviral; therapy}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{5}},
  publisher    = {{BioMed Central (BMC)}},
  series       = {{Virology Journal}},
  title        = {{The burden, distribution and risk factors for cervical oncogenic human papilloma virus infection in HIV positive Nigerian women}},
  url          = {{https://lup.lub.lu.se/search/files/3930528/4693342.pdf}},
  doi          = {{10.1186/1743-422X-11-5}},
  volume       = {{11}},
  year         = {{2014}},
}