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Glycoside hydrolases from extremophiles isolated in Iceland. alpha-L-Rhamnosidases and pectin degrading enzymes

Birgisson, Hakon LU (2004)
Abstract
Extreme environments (high and low temperature, high and low pH, etc.) are inhabited by a vast and diverse flora of microorganisms, which are adapted to these environments (extremophiles). The enzymes produced by extremophiles are active under these harsh conditions and are thus applicable in processes, where conditions are outside the working range of enzymes originating from mesophiles. In this thesis, both cold-adapted and heat-adapted glycoside hydrolases identified in microorganisms isolated in cold and hot environments in Iceland are described. Screening of soil samples for pectinolytic microorganisms, resulted in isolation of four cold-adapted yeast species, which all excreted one or more polygalacturonases. Analysis of the 5.8S... (More)
Extreme environments (high and low temperature, high and low pH, etc.) are inhabited by a vast and diverse flora of microorganisms, which are adapted to these environments (extremophiles). The enzymes produced by extremophiles are active under these harsh conditions and are thus applicable in processes, where conditions are outside the working range of enzymes originating from mesophiles. In this thesis, both cold-adapted and heat-adapted glycoside hydrolases identified in microorganisms isolated in cold and hot environments in Iceland are described. Screening of soil samples for pectinolytic microorganisms, resulted in isolation of four cold-adapted yeast species, which all excreted one or more polygalacturonases. Analysis of the 5.8S rDNA and the 26S rDNA D1/D2 domain, revealed that the yeasts were most closely related to Cystofilobasidium capitatum, Cystofilobasidium lari-marini, Cryptococcus macerans and Cryptococcus aquaticus. Examination of the polygalacturonase activities revealed that at 2 °C, all samples showed 8-18% activity of their activities at optimal temperatures. Screening of a sequenced genome of a novel thermophilic bacterium resulted in isolation, cloning and expression of three genes. Two of the genes encoded for alpha-L-rhamnosidases and one for alpha-L-arabinofuranosidase. All purified recombinant products were found to have broad pH activity curves, temperature optima at 70 °C and relatively high thermostability. One of the recombinant alpha-L-rhamnosidases was produced with a His tag, to facilitate purification of large quantities of the enzyme. The purified enzyme was subsequently used for crystallization. Two crystal forms were obtained. X-ray analysis indicated that one of the crystal forms may be useful for structural determination of the enzyme. Finally, the recombinant cells producing one of the two recombinant alpha-L-rhamnosidases were immobilized in alginate beads, which were used for construction of a bioreactor for production of L-rhamnose from a natural substrate at elevated temperatures. (Less)
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author
supervisor
opponent
  • Dr Stougaard, Peter, Bioneer A/S, Horsholm, Denmark
organization
publishing date
type
Thesis
publication status
published
subject
keywords
immobilization, Biotechnology, Bioteknik, crystallization, sequencing, cloning, screening, thermophile, psychrotroph, psychrophile, alpha-L-arabinofuranosidase, alpha-L-rhamnosidase, thermostable, cold active, polygalacturonase
pages
154 pages
publisher
Department of Biotechnology, Lund University
defense location
Lecture hall A, Center for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sölvegatan 39, Lund Institute of Technology
defense date
2004-06-09 10:30:00
external identifiers
  • other:ISRN:LUTKDH/TKBT--04/1074--SE
ISBN
91-89627-21-0
language
English
LU publication?
yes
additional info
Article: I. Birgisson H, Delgado O, Garcia Arroyo L, Hatti-Kaul R and Mattiasson B. Cold-adapted yeasts as producers of cold-active polygalacturonases. Extremophiles (2003) 7, 185–193A. Article: II. Birgisson H, Hreggviðsson GO, Friðjónsson OH, Mort A, Kristjánsson JK and Mattiasson B. Two new thermostable a-L-rhamnosidases from a novel thermophilic bacterium. Enz. Microb. Technol. (2004) 34, 561-571B. Article: III. Birgisson H, Fridjonsson OH, Bahrani-Mougeot FK, Hreggvidsson GO, Kristjansson JK and Mattiasson B. A new thermostable a-L-arabinofuranosidase from a novel thermophilic bacterium. Biotechnol. Lett. (submitted) Article: IV. Birgisson H, Ævarsson A, Hreggvidsson GO, Kristjansson JK and Mattiasson B. Purification and crystallization of a recombinant a-L-rhamnosidase RhmBH from a thermophilic bacterium. J. Biotechnol. (submitted) Article: V. Birgisson H, Wheat JO, Hreggvidsson GO, Kristjansson JK and Mattiasson B. Immobilization of a recombinant Escherichia coli producing a thermostable a-L-rhamnosidase; creation of a bioreactor for hydrolyses of naringin. Enz. Microb. Technol. (submitted)
id
0742200c-a9b3-4f2f-9dd1-9a9ac5de13c9 (old id 467153)
date added to LUP
2016-04-04 12:25:38
date last changed
2018-11-21 21:10:53
@phdthesis{0742200c-a9b3-4f2f-9dd1-9a9ac5de13c9,
  abstract     = {{Extreme environments (high and low temperature, high and low pH, etc.) are inhabited by a vast and diverse flora of microorganisms, which are adapted to these environments (extremophiles). The enzymes produced by extremophiles are active under these harsh conditions and are thus applicable in processes, where conditions are outside the working range of enzymes originating from mesophiles. In this thesis, both cold-adapted and heat-adapted glycoside hydrolases identified in microorganisms isolated in cold and hot environments in Iceland are described. Screening of soil samples for pectinolytic microorganisms, resulted in isolation of four cold-adapted yeast species, which all excreted one or more polygalacturonases. Analysis of the 5.8S rDNA and the 26S rDNA D1/D2 domain, revealed that the yeasts were most closely related to Cystofilobasidium capitatum, Cystofilobasidium lari-marini, Cryptococcus macerans and Cryptococcus aquaticus. Examination of the polygalacturonase activities revealed that at 2 °C, all samples showed 8-18% activity of their activities at optimal temperatures. Screening of a sequenced genome of a novel thermophilic bacterium resulted in isolation, cloning and expression of three genes. Two of the genes encoded for alpha-L-rhamnosidases and one for alpha-L-arabinofuranosidase. All purified recombinant products were found to have broad pH activity curves, temperature optima at 70 °C and relatively high thermostability. One of the recombinant alpha-L-rhamnosidases was produced with a His tag, to facilitate purification of large quantities of the enzyme. The purified enzyme was subsequently used for crystallization. Two crystal forms were obtained. X-ray analysis indicated that one of the crystal forms may be useful for structural determination of the enzyme. Finally, the recombinant cells producing one of the two recombinant alpha-L-rhamnosidases were immobilized in alginate beads, which were used for construction of a bioreactor for production of L-rhamnose from a natural substrate at elevated temperatures.}},
  author       = {{Birgisson, Hakon}},
  isbn         = {{91-89627-21-0}},
  keywords     = {{immobilization; Biotechnology; Bioteknik; crystallization; sequencing; cloning; screening; thermophile; psychrotroph; psychrophile; alpha-L-arabinofuranosidase; alpha-L-rhamnosidase; thermostable; cold active; polygalacturonase}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  publisher    = {{Department of Biotechnology, Lund University}},
  school       = {{Lund University}},
  title        = {{Glycoside hydrolases from extremophiles isolated in Iceland. alpha-L-Rhamnosidases and pectin degrading enzymes}},
  year         = {{2004}},
}