Concentrations of inorganic elements in bottled waters on the Swedish market
(2005) In Environmental Geochemistry and Health 27(3). p.217-227- Abstract
- This study presents the concentrations of about 50 metals and ions in 33 different brands of bottled waters on the Swedish market. Ten of the brands showed calcium (Ca) concentrations <= 10 mg L-1 and magnesium (Mg) levels < 3 mg L-1, implying very soft waters. Three of these waters had in addition low concentrations of sodium (Na; < 7 mg L-1), potassium (K; < 3 mg L-1) and bicarbonate (HCO3; <= 31 mg L-1). These brands were collected from barren districts. Nine of the brands were collected from limestone regions. They showed increased Ca-levels exceeding 50 mg L-1 with a maximum of 289 mg L-1. Corresponding Mg-levels were also raised in two brands exceeding 90 mg L-1. Two soft and carbonated waters were supplemented with... (More)
- This study presents the concentrations of about 50 metals and ions in 33 different brands of bottled waters on the Swedish market. Ten of the brands showed calcium (Ca) concentrations <= 10 mg L-1 and magnesium (Mg) levels < 3 mg L-1, implying very soft waters. Three of these waters had in addition low concentrations of sodium (Na; < 7 mg L-1), potassium (K; < 3 mg L-1) and bicarbonate (HCO3; <= 31 mg L-1). These brands were collected from barren districts. Nine of the brands were collected from limestone regions. They showed increased Ca-levels exceeding 50 mg L-1 with a maximum of 289 mg L-1. Corresponding Mg-levels were also raised in two brands exceeding 90 mg L-1. Two soft and carbonated waters were supplemented with Na2CO3 and NaCl, resulting in high concentrations of Na ( 644 and 648 mg L-1) and chloride (Cl; 204 and 219 mg L-1). Such waters may make a substantial contribution to the daily intake of NaCl in high water consumers. The storage of carbonated drinking water in aluminum (Al) cans increased the Al-concentration to about 70 mu g L-1. Conclusion: As there was a large variation in the material as regards concentrations of macro-elements such as Ca, Mg, Na, K and Cl. Supplementation with salts, e.g., Na2CO3, K2CO3 and NaCl, can lead to increased concentrations of Na, K and Cl, as well as decreased ratios of Ca/Na and larger ratios of Na/K. Water with high concentrations of e. g., Ca and Mg, may make a substantial contribution to the daily intake of these elements in high water consumers. Al cans are less suited for storage of carbonated waters, as the lowered pH-values may dissolve Al. The levels of potentially toxic metals in the studied brands were generally low. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
https://lup.lub.lu.se/record/147063
- author
- Rosborg, Ingegerd LU ; Nihlgård, Bengt LU ; Gerhardsson, Lars LU ; Gernersson, Maj-Lis LU ; Ohlin, Ragnhild LU and Olsson, Tommy LU
- organization
- publishing date
- 2005
- type
- Contribution to journal
- publication status
- published
- subject
- in
- Environmental Geochemistry and Health
- volume
- 27
- issue
- 3
- pages
- 217 - 227
- publisher
- Springer
- external identifiers
-
- wos:000230903300002
- pmid:16059778
- scopus:23744482387
- ISSN
- 0269-4042
- DOI
- 10.1007/s10653-004-1612-8
- language
- English
- LU publication?
- yes
- id
- 47ef4fec-3985-476a-88ee-50b58ded0033 (old id 147063)
- date added to LUP
- 2016-04-01 15:57:07
- date last changed
- 2023-11-14 02:15:09
@article{47ef4fec-3985-476a-88ee-50b58ded0033, abstract = {{This study presents the concentrations of about 50 metals and ions in 33 different brands of bottled waters on the Swedish market. Ten of the brands showed calcium (Ca) concentrations <= 10 mg L-1 and magnesium (Mg) levels < 3 mg L-1, implying very soft waters. Three of these waters had in addition low concentrations of sodium (Na; < 7 mg L-1), potassium (K; < 3 mg L-1) and bicarbonate (HCO3; <= 31 mg L-1). These brands were collected from barren districts. Nine of the brands were collected from limestone regions. They showed increased Ca-levels exceeding 50 mg L-1 with a maximum of 289 mg L-1. Corresponding Mg-levels were also raised in two brands exceeding 90 mg L-1. Two soft and carbonated waters were supplemented with Na2CO3 and NaCl, resulting in high concentrations of Na ( 644 and 648 mg L-1) and chloride (Cl; 204 and 219 mg L-1). Such waters may make a substantial contribution to the daily intake of NaCl in high water consumers. The storage of carbonated drinking water in aluminum (Al) cans increased the Al-concentration to about 70 mu g L-1. Conclusion: As there was a large variation in the material as regards concentrations of macro-elements such as Ca, Mg, Na, K and Cl. Supplementation with salts, e.g., Na2CO3, K2CO3 and NaCl, can lead to increased concentrations of Na, K and Cl, as well as decreased ratios of Ca/Na and larger ratios of Na/K. Water with high concentrations of e. g., Ca and Mg, may make a substantial contribution to the daily intake of these elements in high water consumers. Al cans are less suited for storage of carbonated waters, as the lowered pH-values may dissolve Al. The levels of potentially toxic metals in the studied brands were generally low.}}, author = {{Rosborg, Ingegerd and Nihlgård, Bengt and Gerhardsson, Lars and Gernersson, Maj-Lis and Ohlin, Ragnhild and Olsson, Tommy}}, issn = {{0269-4042}}, language = {{eng}}, number = {{3}}, pages = {{217--227}}, publisher = {{Springer}}, series = {{Environmental Geochemistry and Health}}, title = {{Concentrations of inorganic elements in bottled waters on the Swedish market}}, url = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10653-004-1612-8}}, doi = {{10.1007/s10653-004-1612-8}}, volume = {{27}}, year = {{2005}}, }