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Adipose Clocks: Burning the Midnight Oil.

Henriksson, Emma and Lamia, Katja A (2015) In Journal of Biological Rhythms 30(5). p.364-373
Abstract
Circadian clocks optimize the timing of physiological processes in synchrony with daily recurring and therefore predictable changes in the environment. Until the late 1990s, circadian clocks were thought to exist only in the central nervous systems of animals; elegant studies in cultured fibroblasts and using genetically encoded reporters in Drosophila melanogaster and in mice showed that clocks are ubiquitous and cell autonomous. These findings inspired investigations of the advantages construed by enabling each organ to independently adjust its function to the time of day. Studies of rhythmic gene expression in several organs suggested that peripheral organ clocks might play an important role in optimizing metabolic physiology by... (More)
Circadian clocks optimize the timing of physiological processes in synchrony with daily recurring and therefore predictable changes in the environment. Until the late 1990s, circadian clocks were thought to exist only in the central nervous systems of animals; elegant studies in cultured fibroblasts and using genetically encoded reporters in Drosophila melanogaster and in mice showed that clocks are ubiquitous and cell autonomous. These findings inspired investigations of the advantages construed by enabling each organ to independently adjust its function to the time of day. Studies of rhythmic gene expression in several organs suggested that peripheral organ clocks might play an important role in optimizing metabolic physiology by synchronizing tissue-intrinsic metabolic processes to cycles of nutrient availability and energy requirements. The effects of clock disruption in liver, pancreas, muscle, and adipose tissues support that hypothesis. Adipose tissues coordinate energy storage and utilization and modulate behavior and the physiology of other organs by secreting hormones known as "adipokines." Due to behavior- and environment-driven diurnal variations in supply and demand for chemical and thermal energy, adipose tissues might represent an important peripheral location for coordinating circadian energy balance (intake, storage, and utilization) over the whole organism. Given the complexity of adipose cell types and depots, the sensitivity of adipose tissue biology to age and diet composition, and the plethora of known and yet-to-be-discovered adipokines and lipokines, we have just begun to scratch the surface of understanding the role of circadian clocks in adipose tissues. (Less)
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author
and
organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
in
Journal of Biological Rhythms
volume
30
issue
5
pages
364 - 373
publisher
SAGE Publications
external identifiers
  • pmid:25926681
  • wos:000361153900002
  • scopus:84960410706
  • pmid:25926681
ISSN
1552-4531
DOI
10.1177/0748730415581234
language
English
LU publication?
no
id
d50d9069-d5b7-4632-a466-915d8fc62d43 (old id 5461484)
alternative location
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25926681?dopt=Abstract
date added to LUP
2016-04-01 09:50:27
date last changed
2022-03-04 05:30:21
@article{d50d9069-d5b7-4632-a466-915d8fc62d43,
  abstract     = {{Circadian clocks optimize the timing of physiological processes in synchrony with daily recurring and therefore predictable changes in the environment. Until the late 1990s, circadian clocks were thought to exist only in the central nervous systems of animals; elegant studies in cultured fibroblasts and using genetically encoded reporters in Drosophila melanogaster and in mice showed that clocks are ubiquitous and cell autonomous. These findings inspired investigations of the advantages construed by enabling each organ to independently adjust its function to the time of day. Studies of rhythmic gene expression in several organs suggested that peripheral organ clocks might play an important role in optimizing metabolic physiology by synchronizing tissue-intrinsic metabolic processes to cycles of nutrient availability and energy requirements. The effects of clock disruption in liver, pancreas, muscle, and adipose tissues support that hypothesis. Adipose tissues coordinate energy storage and utilization and modulate behavior and the physiology of other organs by secreting hormones known as "adipokines." Due to behavior- and environment-driven diurnal variations in supply and demand for chemical and thermal energy, adipose tissues might represent an important peripheral location for coordinating circadian energy balance (intake, storage, and utilization) over the whole organism. Given the complexity of adipose cell types and depots, the sensitivity of adipose tissue biology to age and diet composition, and the plethora of known and yet-to-be-discovered adipokines and lipokines, we have just begun to scratch the surface of understanding the role of circadian clocks in adipose tissues.}},
  author       = {{Henriksson, Emma and Lamia, Katja A}},
  issn         = {{1552-4531}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{5}},
  pages        = {{364--373}},
  publisher    = {{SAGE Publications}},
  series       = {{Journal of Biological Rhythms}},
  title        = {{Adipose Clocks: Burning the Midnight Oil.}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0748730415581234}},
  doi          = {{10.1177/0748730415581234}},
  volume       = {{30}},
  year         = {{2015}},
}