Exceptionally Strong Double-Layer Barriers Generated by Polyampholyte Salt
(2025) In Journal of Physical Chemistry B 129(17). p.4241-4248- Abstract
Experiments using the surface force apparatus have found anomalously long-range interactions between charged surfaces in concentrated salt solutions. Ion clustering has been suggested as a possible origin of this behavior. In this work, we demonstrate that if such stable clusters indeed form, they are able to induce remarkably strong free energy barriers under conditions where a corresponding solution of simple salt provides negligible forces. Our cluster model is based on connected ions producing a polyampholyte salt containing a symmetric mixture of monovalent cationic and anionic polyampholytes. Ion distributions and surface interactions are evaluated utilizing statistical-mechanical (classical) polymer density functional theory,... (More)
Experiments using the surface force apparatus have found anomalously long-range interactions between charged surfaces in concentrated salt solutions. Ion clustering has been suggested as a possible origin of this behavior. In this work, we demonstrate that if such stable clusters indeed form, they are able to induce remarkably strong free energy barriers under conditions where a corresponding solution of simple salt provides negligible forces. Our cluster model is based on connected ions producing a polyampholyte salt containing a symmetric mixture of monovalent cationic and anionic polyampholytes. Ion distributions and surface interactions are evaluated utilizing statistical-mechanical (classical) polymer density functional theory, cDFT. In the Supporting Information, we briefly investigate a range of different polymer architectures (connectivities), but in the main part of the work, a polyampholyte ion is modeled as a linear chain with alternating charges, in which the ends carry an identical charge (hence, a monovalent net charge). These salts are able to generate repulsions, between similarly charged surfaces, of a remarkable strength, exceeding those from simple salts by orders of magnitude. The underlying mechanism for this is the formation of brush-like layers at the surfaces, i.e., the repulsion is strongly related to excluded volume effects, in a manner similar to the interaction between surfaces carrying grafted polymers. We believe our results are relevant not only to possible mechanisms underlying anomalously long-ranged underscreening in concentrated simple salt solutions but also for the potential use of synthesized polyampholyte salt as extremely efficient stabilizers of colloidal dispersions.
(Less)
- author
- Ribar, David
LU
; Woodward, Clifford E. and Forsman, Jan LU
- organization
- publishing date
- 2025-04-03
- type
- Contribution to journal
- publication status
- published
- subject
- in
- Journal of Physical Chemistry B
- volume
- 129
- issue
- 17
- pages
- 8 pages
- publisher
- The American Chemical Society (ACS)
- external identifiers
-
- pmid:40178092
- scopus:105002031575
- ISSN
- 1520-6106
- DOI
- 10.1021/acs.jpcb.5c00012
- language
- English
- LU publication?
- yes
- additional info
- Publisher Copyright: © 2025 The Authors. Published by American Chemical Society.
- id
- 972407c0-ce0b-407c-b623-258eb238f86f
- date added to LUP
- 2025-05-01 11:12:48
- date last changed
- 2025-05-08 13:12:59
@article{972407c0-ce0b-407c-b623-258eb238f86f, abstract = {{<p>Experiments using the surface force apparatus have found anomalously long-range interactions between charged surfaces in concentrated salt solutions. Ion clustering has been suggested as a possible origin of this behavior. In this work, we demonstrate that if such stable clusters indeed form, they are able to induce remarkably strong free energy barriers under conditions where a corresponding solution of simple salt provides negligible forces. Our cluster model is based on connected ions producing a polyampholyte salt containing a symmetric mixture of monovalent cationic and anionic polyampholytes. Ion distributions and surface interactions are evaluated utilizing statistical-mechanical (classical) polymer density functional theory, cDFT. In the Supporting Information, we briefly investigate a range of different polymer architectures (connectivities), but in the main part of the work, a polyampholyte ion is modeled as a linear chain with alternating charges, in which the ends carry an identical charge (hence, a monovalent net charge). These salts are able to generate repulsions, between similarly charged surfaces, of a remarkable strength, exceeding those from simple salts by orders of magnitude. The underlying mechanism for this is the formation of brush-like layers at the surfaces, i.e., the repulsion is strongly related to excluded volume effects, in a manner similar to the interaction between surfaces carrying grafted polymers. We believe our results are relevant not only to possible mechanisms underlying anomalously long-ranged underscreening in concentrated simple salt solutions but also for the potential use of synthesized polyampholyte salt as extremely efficient stabilizers of colloidal dispersions.</p>}}, author = {{Ribar, David and Woodward, Clifford E. and Forsman, Jan}}, issn = {{1520-6106}}, language = {{eng}}, month = {{04}}, number = {{17}}, pages = {{4241--4248}}, publisher = {{The American Chemical Society (ACS)}}, series = {{Journal of Physical Chemistry B}}, title = {{Exceptionally Strong Double-Layer Barriers Generated by Polyampholyte Salt}}, url = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcb.5c00012}}, doi = {{10.1021/acs.jpcb.5c00012}}, volume = {{129}}, year = {{2025}}, }