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Glutamatergic and GABAergic energy metabolism measured in the rat brain by (13) C NMR spectroscopy at 14.1 T

Duarte, João M N LU orcid and Gruetter, Rolf (2013) In Journal of Neurochemistry 126(5). p.90-579
Abstract

Energy metabolism supports both inhibitory and excitatory neurotransmission processes. This study investigated the specific contribution of astrocytic metabolism to γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) synthesis and inhibitory GABAergic neurotransmission that remained to be ilucidated in vivo. Therefore, we measured (13)C incorporation into brain metabolites by dynamic (13)C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy at 14.1 T in rats under α-chloralose anaesthesia during infusion of [1,6-(13)C]glucose. The enhanced sensitivity at 14.1 T allowed to quantify incorporation of (13) C into the three aliphatic carbons of GABA non-invasively. Metabolic fluxes were determined with a mathematical model of brain metabolism comprising glial, glutamatergic and... (More)

Energy metabolism supports both inhibitory and excitatory neurotransmission processes. This study investigated the specific contribution of astrocytic metabolism to γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) synthesis and inhibitory GABAergic neurotransmission that remained to be ilucidated in vivo. Therefore, we measured (13)C incorporation into brain metabolites by dynamic (13)C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy at 14.1 T in rats under α-chloralose anaesthesia during infusion of [1,6-(13)C]glucose. The enhanced sensitivity at 14.1 T allowed to quantify incorporation of (13) C into the three aliphatic carbons of GABA non-invasively. Metabolic fluxes were determined with a mathematical model of brain metabolism comprising glial, glutamatergic and GABAergic compartments. GABA synthesis rate was 0.11 ± 0.01 μmol/g/min. GABA-glutamine cycle was 0.053 ± 0.003 μmol/g/min and accounted for 22 ± 1% of total neurotransmitter cycling between neurons and glia. Cerebral glucose oxidation was 0.47 ± 0.02 μmol/g/min, of which 35 ± 1% and 7 ± 1% was diverted to the glutamatergic and GABAergic tricarboxylic acid cycles, respectively. The remaining fraction of glucose oxidation was in glia, where 12 ± 1% of the TCA cycle flux was dedicated to oxidation of GABA. 16 ± 2% of glutamine synthesis was provided to GABAergic neurons. We conclude that substantial metabolic activity occurs in GABAergic neurons and that glial metabolism supports both glutamatergic and GABAergic neurons in the living rat brain.

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Contribution to journal
publication status
published
keywords
Amino Acids, Animals, Astrocytes, Brain Chemistry, Citric Acid Cycle, Energy Metabolism, Glucose, Glutamates, Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Male, Models, Statistical, Oxidation-Reduction, Rats, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Synaptic Transmission, gamma-Aminobutyric Acid, Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
in
Journal of Neurochemistry
volume
126
issue
5
pages
12 pages
publisher
Wiley-Blackwell
external identifiers
  • pmid:23745684
  • scopus:84883166425
ISSN
1471-4159
DOI
10.1111/jnc.12333
language
English
LU publication?
no
id
e693dce3-579a-4dae-b176-d9329b37db9a
date added to LUP
2017-10-19 15:15:37
date last changed
2024-04-28 21:56:37
@article{e693dce3-579a-4dae-b176-d9329b37db9a,
  abstract     = {{<p>Energy metabolism supports both inhibitory and excitatory neurotransmission processes. This study investigated the specific contribution of astrocytic metabolism to γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) synthesis and inhibitory GABAergic neurotransmission that remained to be ilucidated in vivo. Therefore, we measured (13)C incorporation into brain metabolites by dynamic (13)C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy at 14.1 T in rats under α-chloralose anaesthesia during infusion of [1,6-(13)C]glucose. The enhanced sensitivity at 14.1 T allowed to quantify incorporation of (13) C into the three aliphatic carbons of GABA non-invasively. Metabolic fluxes were determined with a mathematical model of brain metabolism comprising glial, glutamatergic and GABAergic compartments. GABA synthesis rate was 0.11 ± 0.01 μmol/g/min. GABA-glutamine cycle was 0.053 ± 0.003 μmol/g/min and accounted for 22 ± 1% of total neurotransmitter cycling between neurons and glia. Cerebral glucose oxidation was 0.47 ± 0.02 μmol/g/min, of which 35 ± 1% and 7 ± 1% was diverted to the glutamatergic and GABAergic tricarboxylic acid cycles, respectively. The remaining fraction of glucose oxidation was in glia, where 12 ± 1% of the TCA cycle flux was dedicated to oxidation of GABA. 16 ± 2% of glutamine synthesis was provided to GABAergic neurons. We conclude that substantial metabolic activity occurs in GABAergic neurons and that glial metabolism supports both glutamatergic and GABAergic neurons in the living rat brain.</p>}},
  author       = {{Duarte, João M N and Gruetter, Rolf}},
  issn         = {{1471-4159}},
  keywords     = {{Amino Acids; Animals; Astrocytes; Brain Chemistry; Citric Acid Cycle; Energy Metabolism; Glucose; Glutamates; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Male; Models, Statistical; Oxidation-Reduction; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Synaptic Transmission; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{5}},
  pages        = {{90--579}},
  publisher    = {{Wiley-Blackwell}},
  series       = {{Journal of Neurochemistry}},
  title        = {{Glutamatergic and GABAergic energy metabolism measured in the rat brain by (13) C NMR spectroscopy at 14.1 T}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jnc.12333}},
  doi          = {{10.1111/jnc.12333}},
  volume       = {{126}},
  year         = {{2013}},
}