Death mechanisms compromising hippocampal neurogenesis after status epilepticus
(2003)- Abstract
- Status epilepticus (SE) leads to neurodegeneration as well as neurogenesis in the adult rat hippocampus. This thesis demonstrates that even if the neurogenic response initially is very pronounced, with a several-fold increase in cell proliferation, the survival of the newly formed neurons is compromised by a death mechanism involving mitochondria-related caspases. This conclusion is based on immunohistochemical findings, as well as observations of increased number of newly generated neurons following intracerebroventricular infusions of caspase inhibitors in rats exposed to SE. We did not find any evidence for the involvement of two other cysteine protease families, the calpains and the cathepsins, and no expression of an active... (More)
- Status epilepticus (SE) leads to neurodegeneration as well as neurogenesis in the adult rat hippocampus. This thesis demonstrates that even if the neurogenic response initially is very pronounced, with a several-fold increase in cell proliferation, the survival of the newly formed neurons is compromised by a death mechanism involving mitochondria-related caspases. This conclusion is based on immunohistochemical findings, as well as observations of increased number of newly generated neurons following intracerebroventricular infusions of caspase inhibitors in rats exposed to SE. We did not find any evidence for the involvement of two other cysteine protease families, the calpains and the cathepsins, and no expression of an active death-receptor-related cell death pathway. The survival of the new neurons depends upon the severity of the SE, since rats with a more severe, generalized form of SE have the same proliferative response but fewer surviving, newly formed neurons as compared to rats with a milder, partial form of SE. Recurrent seizures after the initial SE insult only seem to play a minor role for survival. Rats that had received additional seizures after their initial SE insult had the same survival rate and expression of cell death markers as rats without additional seizures. In the pathological environment emerging after SE, microglia activation plays an important part in impairing the survival of the newly generated neurons. When minocycline, an inhibitor of microglia activation, was administered to rats exposed to SE, the survival of the newborn neurons increased. Conversely, when lipopolysaccharide, an inducer of microglia activation, was intracortically infused into rats exposed to SE, the survival of the new neurons decreased. None of these treatments changed the magnitude of seizure-induced degeneration of neighboring mature neurons. In summary, we have characterized a caspase-mediated death pathway in newly generated neurons born after SE. We have also found that the seizure-induced activation of microglia is detrimental for the survival of the newly formed neurons. These findings are important for further investigations on the functional role of neurogenesis in epilepsy, as well as for neuroreplacement strategies with an aim to compensate for neuronal loss following neurodegenerative diseases, including epilepsy. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
https://lup.lub.lu.se/record/465874
- author
- Ekdahl Clementson, Christine LU
- supervisor
- opponent
-
- Dr Palmer, Theo, Stanford University
- organization
- publishing date
- 2003
- type
- Thesis
- publication status
- published
- subject
- keywords
- Neurology, neuropsychology, neurophysiology, Neurologi, neuropsykologi, neurofysiologi, minocycline, lipopolysaccharide, microglia activation, status epilepticus, epilepsy, cysteinyl aspartate-specific proteases, apoptosis, neurogenesis, progenitor cell progeny
- pages
- 142 pages
- publisher
- Christine Ekdahl Clementson; christine.ekdahl@neurol.lu.se,
- defense location
- Segerfalksalen WNC
- defense date
- 2003-06-13 09:15:00
- ISBN
- 91-628-5728-2
- language
- English
- LU publication?
- yes
- additional info
- Article: I Ekdahl CT*, Mohapel P*, Elmer E, Lindvall O (2001) Caspase inhibitors increase short-term survival of progenitor cell progeny in the adult dentate gyrus following status epilepticus. Eur J Neurosci, 14(6): 937-945. Article: II Ekdahl CT, Mohapel P, Weber E, Bahr B, Blomgren K, Lindvall O (2002) Caspase-mediated death of newly formed neurons in the adult rat dentate gyrus following status epilepticus, Euro J Neurosci, 16(8):1463-1471. Article: III Mohapel P, Ekdahl CT, Lindvall O (2003) Status epilepticus severity determines the survival of newborn neurons but not proliferation of neural progenitors in the adult dentate gyrus, submitted. Article: IV Ekdahl CT, Zhu C, Bonde S, Bahr B, Blomgren K, Lindvall O (2003) Death mechanisms in status epilepticus-induced neurogenesis and effects of additional seizures, submitted. Article: V Ekdahl CT, Kokaia Z, Lindvall O (2003) Microglia activation impairs neurogenesis in adult brain, manuscript.
- id
- 977c8390-83cb-4697-ac59-0b869b36b612 (old id 465874)
- date added to LUP
- 2016-04-04 12:00:41
- date last changed
- 2018-11-21 21:08:30
@phdthesis{977c8390-83cb-4697-ac59-0b869b36b612,
abstract = {{Status epilepticus (SE) leads to neurodegeneration as well as neurogenesis in the adult rat hippocampus. This thesis demonstrates that even if the neurogenic response initially is very pronounced, with a several-fold increase in cell proliferation, the survival of the newly formed neurons is compromised by a death mechanism involving mitochondria-related caspases. This conclusion is based on immunohistochemical findings, as well as observations of increased number of newly generated neurons following intracerebroventricular infusions of caspase inhibitors in rats exposed to SE. We did not find any evidence for the involvement of two other cysteine protease families, the calpains and the cathepsins, and no expression of an active death-receptor-related cell death pathway. The survival of the new neurons depends upon the severity of the SE, since rats with a more severe, generalized form of SE have the same proliferative response but fewer surviving, newly formed neurons as compared to rats with a milder, partial form of SE. Recurrent seizures after the initial SE insult only seem to play a minor role for survival. Rats that had received additional seizures after their initial SE insult had the same survival rate and expression of cell death markers as rats without additional seizures. In the pathological environment emerging after SE, microglia activation plays an important part in impairing the survival of the newly generated neurons. When minocycline, an inhibitor of microglia activation, was administered to rats exposed to SE, the survival of the newborn neurons increased. Conversely, when lipopolysaccharide, an inducer of microglia activation, was intracortically infused into rats exposed to SE, the survival of the new neurons decreased. None of these treatments changed the magnitude of seizure-induced degeneration of neighboring mature neurons. In summary, we have characterized a caspase-mediated death pathway in newly generated neurons born after SE. We have also found that the seizure-induced activation of microglia is detrimental for the survival of the newly formed neurons. These findings are important for further investigations on the functional role of neurogenesis in epilepsy, as well as for neuroreplacement strategies with an aim to compensate for neuronal loss following neurodegenerative diseases, including epilepsy.}},
author = {{Ekdahl Clementson, Christine}},
isbn = {{91-628-5728-2}},
keywords = {{Neurology; neuropsychology; neurophysiology; Neurologi; neuropsykologi; neurofysiologi; minocycline; lipopolysaccharide; microglia activation; status epilepticus; epilepsy; cysteinyl aspartate-specific proteases; apoptosis; neurogenesis; progenitor cell progeny}},
language = {{eng}},
publisher = {{Christine Ekdahl Clementson; christine.ekdahl@neurol.lu.se,}},
school = {{Lund University}},
title = {{Death mechanisms compromising hippocampal neurogenesis after status epilepticus}},
year = {{2003}},
}