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BVOC emissions from a subarctic mountain birch : analysis of short term chamber measurements

Ahlberg, Erik (2011) In Lunds universitets Naturgeografiska institution - Seminarieuppsatser
Dept of Physical Geography and Ecosystem Science
Abstract (Swedish)
Flyktiga organiska föreningar som släpps ut från växter (BVOC- Biogenic
volatile organic compounds) kan ha en stor påverkan på atmosfärisk kemi
genom reaktioner som leder till ökad eller minskad ozonproduktion, och
genom att de kan vara ett förstadium till aerosoler. De vanligaste flyktiga
organiska föreningarna är isopren (2-metyl, 1,3-butadien) och dess derivat,
terpener och terpenoider (isoprenoider). Dessa används av växter som t.ex.
uppbyggnad av cellmembran, steroider m.m., men är också ett sätt för
växten att kommunicera och försvara sig mot yttre påverkan. Utsläpp av
flyktiga föreningar har visat sig gynnsamt under vissa situtationer, såsom
förhöjd temperatur och solinstrålning, insektsangrepp och fysiska skador.
Doften... (More)
Flyktiga organiska föreningar som släpps ut från växter (BVOC- Biogenic
volatile organic compounds) kan ha en stor påverkan på atmosfärisk kemi
genom reaktioner som leder till ökad eller minskad ozonproduktion, och
genom att de kan vara ett förstadium till aerosoler. De vanligaste flyktiga
organiska föreningarna är isopren (2-metyl, 1,3-butadien) och dess derivat,
terpener och terpenoider (isoprenoider). Dessa används av växter som t.ex.
uppbyggnad av cellmembran, steroider m.m., men är också ett sätt för
växten att kommunicera och försvara sig mot yttre påverkan. Utsläpp av
flyktiga föreningar har visat sig gynnsamt under vissa situtationer, såsom
förhöjd temperatur och solinstrålning, insektsangrepp och fysiska skador.
Doften från många växter och blommor består i hög grad av isoprenoider,
och används för att kommunicera och locka pollinatorer.
Förångning av kemiska föreningar står i korrelation till temperaturen, men
växters produktion är beroende av produkter från fotosyntesen, vilket gör
att utsläppen även är beroende av solljus. Hur växter reglerar produktionen
av specifika kemiska föreningar är dock i hög grad okänt.
Utsläppen av flyktiga föreningar från växter är inte stora i subarktiska
ekosystem, men kommer troligen förändras under en klimatuppvärmning
som kommer att påverka nordliga latituders ekosystem betydligt. Därför är
forskning på BVOC-området, som involverar kol- och strålningsbudgetar,
av stor betydelse.
Den här studien är en analys av rådata från en tredagars mätning av BVOCutsläpp
från en Fjällbjörk (Betula pubescens ssp. czerepanovii) i juli 2008.
Rådatan omvandlades till flöden, och analyserades med avseende på
korrelationen mot temperatur, ljus och fotosyntes.
Utsläppen var betydligt lägre än i en tidigare studie på Fjällbjörkar i
samma område, men det är möjligt att vissa kemiska föreningar som
släpptes ut inte identifierades. Ett stort utbrott av en växtätare år 2004,
tros ha triggat en ökning av utsläppen under efterföljande år. Tidigare
studier har visat en nedgång i utsläpp även mellan 2006 och 2007. De
uppmätta utsläppsnivåerna i denna studie kan därför vara närmare
normala värden. (Less)
Abstract
Biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) can have a large affect on
atmospheric chemistry by the production or degradation of ozone and by
acting as precursors to secondary organic aerosols (SOA). The most
common BVOCs are isoprene and its derivatives, terpenes and terpenoids
(isoprenoids). These are used by the plant in cell membranes and as
steroids, but are also a means of communication and defence. Emissions of
BVOCs have proved advantageous in stressful situations such as elevated
temperatures and radiation, herbivore attacks and physical damage. Many
of the volatile isoprenoids are the main compound in plant scents that are
used to communicate and attract pollinators.
The volatilization of compounds is correlated to... (More)
Biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) can have a large affect on
atmospheric chemistry by the production or degradation of ozone and by
acting as precursors to secondary organic aerosols (SOA). The most
common BVOCs are isoprene and its derivatives, terpenes and terpenoids
(isoprenoids). These are used by the plant in cell membranes and as
steroids, but are also a means of communication and defence. Emissions of
BVOCs have proved advantageous in stressful situations such as elevated
temperatures and radiation, herbivore attacks and physical damage. Many
of the volatile isoprenoids are the main compound in plant scents that are
used to communicate and attract pollinators.
The volatilization of compounds is correlated to temperature, but
production of BVOCs is dependent on photosynthetic products, and hence
light. How plants regulate the production of specific compounds is largely
unknown.
Emissions of BVOCs are not large in subarctic ecosystems, but are likely to
change in the course of a climate warming that will affect high latitude
ecosystems significantly. Research on BVOCs, that involves both carbon
and radiation budgets, at northern sites, is therefore of high importance.
This study is an analysis of raw data obtained in a three day monitoring of
BVOC emissions from a Mountain birch (Betula pubescens ssp.
czerepanovii) during July, 2008. The raw data was converted into fluxes
and analyzed with regards to correlation to temperature, light and
photosynthesis. Emission potentials were calculated using the common
algorithms developed by Alex Guenther.
Emissions were significantly lower than found in a previous study on the
Mountain birches in the same area (maximum total emission rate at 300 ng
gdw
-1 h-1), although some compounds that were emitted might not have been
identified due to lack of references in the GC-MS analysis. Linalool was the
main compound emitted with an emission potential of 28,5 ng gdw
-1 h-1
(standard temperature 20°C). A severe herbivore attack in 2004 is thought
to have increased emissions during consecutive years. Earlier
measurements showed a decrease in emissions from 2006 to 2007. The low
values found in this study of emissions during 2008, might imply that the
emission rates are returning to normal values. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
Ahlberg, Erik
supervisor
organization
year
type
H1 - Master's Degree (One Year)
subject
keywords
fjällbjörk, flyktiga kolföreningar, geografi, naturgeografi, BVOC, mountain birch, volatile organic compounds, physical geography, geography
publication/series
Lunds universitets Naturgeografiska institution - Seminarieuppsatser
report number
204
language
English
id
2153992
date added to LUP
2011-09-05 08:45:58
date last changed
2011-09-05 08:45:58
@misc{2153992,
  abstract     = {{Biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) can have a large affect on
atmospheric chemistry by the production or degradation of ozone and by
acting as precursors to secondary organic aerosols (SOA). The most
common BVOCs are isoprene and its derivatives, terpenes and terpenoids
(isoprenoids). These are used by the plant in cell membranes and as
steroids, but are also a means of communication and defence. Emissions of
BVOCs have proved advantageous in stressful situations such as elevated
temperatures and radiation, herbivore attacks and physical damage. Many
of the volatile isoprenoids are the main compound in plant scents that are
used to communicate and attract pollinators.
The volatilization of compounds is correlated to temperature, but
production of BVOCs is dependent on photosynthetic products, and hence
light. How plants regulate the production of specific compounds is largely
unknown.
Emissions of BVOCs are not large in subarctic ecosystems, but are likely to
change in the course of a climate warming that will affect high latitude
ecosystems significantly. Research on BVOCs, that involves both carbon
and radiation budgets, at northern sites, is therefore of high importance.
This study is an analysis of raw data obtained in a three day monitoring of
BVOC emissions from a Mountain birch (Betula pubescens ssp.
czerepanovii) during July, 2008. The raw data was converted into fluxes
and analyzed with regards to correlation to temperature, light and
photosynthesis. Emission potentials were calculated using the common
algorithms developed by Alex Guenther.
Emissions were significantly lower than found in a previous study on the
Mountain birches in the same area (maximum total emission rate at 300 ng
gdw
-1 h-1), although some compounds that were emitted might not have been
identified due to lack of references in the GC-MS analysis. Linalool was the
main compound emitted with an emission potential of 28,5 ng gdw
-1 h-1
(standard temperature 20°C). A severe herbivore attack in 2004 is thought
to have increased emissions during consecutive years. Earlier
measurements showed a decrease in emissions from 2006 to 2007. The low
values found in this study of emissions during 2008, might imply that the
emission rates are returning to normal values.}},
  author       = {{Ahlberg, Erik}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  note         = {{Student Paper}},
  series       = {{Lunds universitets Naturgeografiska institution - Seminarieuppsatser}},
  title        = {{BVOC emissions from a subarctic mountain birch : analysis of short term chamber measurements}},
  year         = {{2011}},
}