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Direct hollow fiber liquid phase membrane extraction and LC-MS/MS determination of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in fish

Huang, Chuixiu LU (2012) KEMR16 20121
Department of Chemistry
Abstract
NSAIDs (Non steroid anti-inflammatory drugs) have widely been found in STP (sewage treatment plant) effluents and surface water with different concentrations. However, the information concerning ecotoxicological risks, surface water and water living organisms is rather scarce. In this thesis, KET (ketoprofen), NAP (naproxen), DIC (diclofenac) and IBU (ibuprofen) were chosen as four model substances to study the bioaccumulation factor, the distribution, and the fate of the NSAIDs.
A combination of HF-LPME (hollow fiber liquid-phase membrane extraction) and LC-MS/MS (liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry) was used to simultaneously extract and detect the NSAIDs in fish. For the freeze-dried fish tissue, this new analytical method... (More)
NSAIDs (Non steroid anti-inflammatory drugs) have widely been found in STP (sewage treatment plant) effluents and surface water with different concentrations. However, the information concerning ecotoxicological risks, surface water and water living organisms is rather scarce. In this thesis, KET (ketoprofen), NAP (naproxen), DIC (diclofenac) and IBU (ibuprofen) were chosen as four model substances to study the bioaccumulation factor, the distribution, and the fate of the NSAIDs.
A combination of HF-LPME (hollow fiber liquid-phase membrane extraction) and LC-MS/MS (liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry) was used to simultaneously extract and detect the NSAIDs in fish. For the freeze-dried fish tissue, this new analytical method showed an average enrichment factor of 3000 times. For water, the average enrichment factor was increased to 3700 times. The average R2 of the linearity were 0.9902, 0.9945, 0.9802 and 0.9890 for KET, NAP, DIC and IBU, respectively. Method detection limits for KET, DIC, NAP and IBU in the range of 1-3 ng/L. Moreover, this method could be successfully applied to detect the analytes in the real samples. For the wild cod fish, only NAP was found with a concentration of 26 ng/g (dry fish). For the wild rudd fish, two NSAIDs (78 ng/g of KET and 40 ng/g of NAP) were found. When the rudd fish was exposed to the NSAIDs, the four NSAIDs were determined in the range of 6-83 ng/g in the dry fish. Interestingly, for the exposed rudd, the concentrations of KET and DIC in dead rudd fishes were almost twice as that in the alive fish.
The developed analytical methodology might be extended to be used to estimate the distribution or the fate of the four NSAIDs in other biota, animals or human beings. (Less)
Abstract
Popular summary
The fate of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
The knowledge about distribution of drugs between sewage sludge, water phases and water living organisms is vital for predictions of the fate and transport routes of toxic substances to the environment. And the distribution of drugs in the environment can be used as a base for risk assessments and it also can be used to define desired properties of future drugs as well.
NSAIDs (Non steroid anti-inflammatory drugs) have widely been found in STP (sewage treatment plant) effluents and surface water with different concentrations. It means that the water living organisms, such as fish, might be exposed to the NSAIDs in the environment. However, the information concerning... (More)
Popular summary
The fate of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
The knowledge about distribution of drugs between sewage sludge, water phases and water living organisms is vital for predictions of the fate and transport routes of toxic substances to the environment. And the distribution of drugs in the environment can be used as a base for risk assessments and it also can be used to define desired properties of future drugs as well.
NSAIDs (Non steroid anti-inflammatory drugs) have widely been found in STP (sewage treatment plant) effluents and surface water with different concentrations. It means that the water living organisms, such as fish, might be exposed to the NSAIDs in the environment. However, the information concerning potential negative effects on water living organisms is rather scarce. In this project, KET (ketoprofen), NAP (naproxen), DIC (diclofenac) and IBU (ibuprofen) were chosen as four model substances to study the distribution and the fate of the NSAIDs.
A new and direct method to determine KET, NAP, DIC and IBU in fish was developed based on HF-LPME (hollow fiber liquid-phase membrane extraction) and analysis with LC-MS/MS (liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry). The NSAIDs are trapped and enriched inside the hollow fiber and the average enrichment for the four NSAIDs was over 3000 times for both pure water and freeze-dried fish tissue.
This method could be successfully applied to analyze the real samples. For wild cod fish, only NAP was found with a concentration of 26 ng/g (dry fish). For wild rudd fish, two NSAIDs (78 ng/g of KET and 40 ng/g of NAP) were found. When rudd fish were exposed to the NSAIDs solution containing KET, NAP, DIC and IBU, these compounds were determined as 83, 32, 6, 19 ng/g in the fish that were alive at the end of the experiment, respectively. Interestingly, the concentrations of KET and DIC in the rudd fish that died during the experiment were almost twice as high as that in the surviving fish.
The amount of NSAIDs in sediments of sludge, surface water and fish will give information about the distribution of NSAIDs. And the breakthrough of this analytical method is significant for determination the trace level of this type of compounds in environmental samples. Thus this method is really important, and the feedback of the measurements could be used to adjust the sewage treatment and to assess the risk of drugs. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
Huang, Chuixiu LU
supervisor
organization
course
KEMR16 20121
year
type
H2 - Master's Degree (Two Years)
subject
keywords
F-LPME, LC-MS/MS, selective, NSAID, fish, analytisk kemi
language
English
id
3458344
date added to LUP
2013-02-11 11:49:47
date last changed
2013-02-11 11:49:47
@misc{3458344,
  abstract     = {{Popular summary
The fate of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
The knowledge about distribution of drugs between sewage sludge, water phases and water living organisms is vital for predictions of the fate and transport routes of toxic substances to the environment. And the distribution of drugs in the environment can be used as a base for risk assessments and it also can be used to define desired properties of future drugs as well.
NSAIDs (Non steroid anti-inflammatory drugs) have widely been found in STP (sewage treatment plant) effluents and surface water with different concentrations. It means that the water living organisms, such as fish, might be exposed to the NSAIDs in the environment. However, the information concerning potential negative effects on water living organisms is rather scarce. In this project, KET (ketoprofen), NAP (naproxen), DIC (diclofenac) and IBU (ibuprofen) were chosen as four model substances to study the distribution and the fate of the NSAIDs.
A new and direct method to determine KET, NAP, DIC and IBU in fish was developed based on HF-LPME (hollow fiber liquid-phase membrane extraction) and analysis with LC-MS/MS (liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry). The NSAIDs are trapped and enriched inside the hollow fiber and the average enrichment for the four NSAIDs was over 3000 times for both pure water and freeze-dried fish tissue.
This method could be successfully applied to analyze the real samples. For wild cod fish, only NAP was found with a concentration of 26 ng/g (dry fish). For wild rudd fish, two NSAIDs (78 ng/g of KET and 40 ng/g of NAP) were found. When rudd fish were exposed to the NSAIDs solution containing KET, NAP, DIC and IBU, these compounds were determined as 83, 32, 6, 19 ng/g in the fish that were alive at the end of the experiment, respectively. Interestingly, the concentrations of KET and DIC in the rudd fish that died during the experiment were almost twice as high as that in the surviving fish.
The amount of NSAIDs in sediments of sludge, surface water and fish will give information about the distribution of NSAIDs. And the breakthrough of this analytical method is significant for determination the trace level of this type of compounds in environmental samples. Thus this method is really important, and the feedback of the measurements could be used to adjust the sewage treatment and to assess the risk of drugs.}},
  author       = {{Huang, Chuixiu}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  note         = {{Student Paper}},
  title        = {{Direct hollow fiber liquid phase membrane extraction and LC-MS/MS determination of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in fish}},
  year         = {{2012}},
}