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Is the media just a copycat or a watchdog?

Raunio, Anna LU ; Johansson, Alice LU and Külick, Emilia LU (2023) FEKH69 20222
Department of Business Administration
Abstract (Swedish)
Nyckelord: Media, väktare, vakthund, informationsförmedlare, tystnad

Studiens syfte:
Syftet med studien är att utvärdera hur väl media uppfyller sin roll som väktare i sin vardagliga rapportering i Sverige. För att ta reda på detta undersöks även om det skiljer sig mellan affärspress och annan media, samt vad det innebär för medias väktarroll när de inte rapporterar alls.

Frågeställningar:
Vi har formulerat en huvudfrågeställning: Hur väl uppfyller media sin roll som väktare i sin vardagliga rapportering om företag? Följt av två underfrågeställningar: Är affärspress bättre väktare än annan media? samt om och varför är media tysta i sin rapportering?

Teoretiskt ramverk:
Det teoretiska ramverket utgår från... (More)
Nyckelord: Media, väktare, vakthund, informationsförmedlare, tystnad

Studiens syfte:
Syftet med studien är att utvärdera hur väl media uppfyller sin roll som väktare i sin vardagliga rapportering i Sverige. För att ta reda på detta undersöks även om det skiljer sig mellan affärspress och annan media, samt vad det innebär för medias väktarroll när de inte rapporterar alls.

Frågeställningar:
Vi har formulerat en huvudfrågeställning: Hur väl uppfyller media sin roll som väktare i sin vardagliga rapportering om företag? Följt av två underfrågeställningar: Är affärspress bättre väktare än annan media? samt om och varför är media tysta i sin rapportering?

Teoretiskt ramverk:
Det teoretiska ramverket utgår från principal-agentproblematiken och väktarteorin som förklarar medias väktarroll utifrån begreppen vakthund och informationsförmedlare. Ramverket innefattar även olika teoretiska perspektiv för tystnad samt media agendasättande teorin.

Metod:
För att undersöka ämnet har vi valt att studera artiklar om företag från fastighetsbranschen, detaljhandelsbranschen och bank- och finansbranschen. Via databasen mediearkivet hämtades artiklar från SvD, Di och branschtidningar från respektive bransch. Genom en konventionell innehållsanalys kategoriserades sedan artiklarna i tre olika kategoriseringsscheman för att besvara vad, varför och hur väl tidningarna och tidskrifterna rapporterar. Vi mäter även medias tystnad genom att jämföra med företagens pressmeddelanden.

Resultat:
Resultatet visar att det sammantaget finns en spridning av ämnen som tidningarna och tidskrifterna rapporterar om. Gällande hur väl media rapporterar visade resultatet att artiklarna främst innefattar enbart företagsinformation, utan någon granskning. Det främst förekommande syftet var informationssyfte. Vi har även genomfört statistiska tester som har visat att resultatet är signifikant för branscherna.

Slutsats:
Studiens analys kan sammanfattas i slutsatserna att affärspress inte alltid är mer benägna att vara bättre väktare än annan media, samt att medias tystnad antingen kan bero på våra valda företags storlek, beroendeförhållande till företagen eller att de inte vill gå emot allmänhetens åsikt. Till sist dras slutsatsen att media är dåliga väktare eftersom de främst agerat informationsförmedlare och därmed misslyckas med att uppfylla sin roll som vakthund i den vardagliga rapporteringen. (Less)
Abstract
Key words: Media, gatekeeper, watchdog, information intermediary, silence

Purpose of the study:
The purpose of the study is to evaluate how well the media fulfills its role as gatekeepers in their everyday reporting within Sweden. In addition, the difference between how business press and other press fulfill their roles will also be examined, as well as what it means when the media does not report anything at all.

Research questions:
We have constructed one main research question: How well does the media fulfill their role as a gatekeeper in their everyday reporting? Followed by two subquestions: Is the business press better gatekeeper than other press? and if and why is the media quiet in their reporting?

Theoretical framework:... (More)
Key words: Media, gatekeeper, watchdog, information intermediary, silence

Purpose of the study:
The purpose of the study is to evaluate how well the media fulfills its role as gatekeepers in their everyday reporting within Sweden. In addition, the difference between how business press and other press fulfill their roles will also be examined, as well as what it means when the media does not report anything at all.

Research questions:
We have constructed one main research question: How well does the media fulfill their role as a gatekeeper in their everyday reporting? Followed by two subquestions: Is the business press better gatekeeper than other press? and if and why is the media quiet in their reporting?

Theoretical framework:
The theoretical framework proceeds from the principal-agent problem and the gatekeeping theory which explains the gatekeeping role of the media based on the concepts of watchdog and information intermediary. The framework also contains different theoretical perspectives of silence and the media agenda setting theory.

Method:
To examine this topic, we have chosen to study articles about different companies within the real estate business, the retail business and the banking and finance industry. Using the database “mediearkivet”, we collected articles from SvD, Di and trade journals from each line of business. By doing a conventional content-analysis the articles were categorised in three different schemes of categories to respond to what, why and how well the papers report. We also measured the silence of the media by comparing it to the press releases of the companies.

Results:
The results demonstrate that there is a dispersion of subjects that the papers report about. Concerning how well the media reports, the results show that the articles in the study foremost include only information about the company without any type of examination. The purpose that was most frequently encountered was the purpose of information. We have also done statistical tests which have shown that the results are significant.

Conclusion:
The analysis of the study can be summarized to the conclusions that business press is not always better gatekeepers than regular press, as well as the silence of the media can be the cause of the companies’ size, interdependence between companies and media or because media does not want to oppose the public view. Lastly, the conclusion of our main research question is that the media are bad gatekeepers since they foremost have been information intermediaries and have consequently fulfilled their role as watchdog unsuccessfully in their everyday reporting. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
Raunio, Anna LU ; Johansson, Alice LU and Külick, Emilia LU
supervisor
organization
course
FEKH69 20222
year
type
M2 - Bachelor Degree
subject
language
Swedish
id
9110142
date added to LUP
2023-02-08 08:36:46
date last changed
2023-02-08 08:36:46
@misc{9110142,
  abstract     = {{Key words: Media, gatekeeper, watchdog, information intermediary, silence

Purpose of the study:
The purpose of the study is to evaluate how well the media fulfills its role as gatekeepers in their everyday reporting within Sweden. In addition, the difference between how business press and other press fulfill their roles will also be examined, as well as what it means when the media does not report anything at all.

Research questions:
We have constructed one main research question: How well does the media fulfill their role as a gatekeeper in their everyday reporting? Followed by two subquestions: Is the business press better gatekeeper than other press? and if and why is the media quiet in their reporting?

Theoretical framework:
The theoretical framework proceeds from the principal-agent problem and the gatekeeping theory which explains the gatekeeping role of the media based on the concepts of watchdog and information intermediary. The framework also contains different theoretical perspectives of silence and the media agenda setting theory.

Method:
To examine this topic, we have chosen to study articles about different companies within the real estate business, the retail business and the banking and finance industry. Using the database “mediearkivet”, we collected articles from SvD, Di and trade journals from each line of business. By doing a conventional content-analysis the articles were categorised in three different schemes of categories to respond to what, why and how well the papers report. We also measured the silence of the media by comparing it to the press releases of the companies.

Results:
The results demonstrate that there is a dispersion of subjects that the papers report about. Concerning how well the media reports, the results show that the articles in the study foremost include only information about the company without any type of examination. The purpose that was most frequently encountered was the purpose of information. We have also done statistical tests which have shown that the results are significant.

Conclusion:
The analysis of the study can be summarized to the conclusions that business press is not always better gatekeepers than regular press, as well as the silence of the media can be the cause of the companies’ size, interdependence between companies and media or because media does not want to oppose the public view. Lastly, the conclusion of our main research question is that the media are bad gatekeepers since they foremost have been information intermediaries and have consequently fulfilled their role as watchdog unsuccessfully in their everyday reporting.}},
  author       = {{Raunio, Anna and Johansson, Alice and Külick, Emilia}},
  language     = {{swe}},
  note         = {{Student Paper}},
  title        = {{Is the media just a copycat or a watchdog?}},
  year         = {{2023}},
}