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Field-scale CH4 emission at a subarctic mire with heterogeneous permafrost thaw status

Lakomiec, Patryk LU ; Holst, Jutta LU orcid ; Friborg, Thomas ; Crill, Patrick ; Rakos, Niklas ; Kljun, Natascha LU orcid ; Olsson, Per Ola LU ; Eklundh, Lars LU orcid ; Persson, Andreas LU and Rinne, Janne LU (2021) In Biogeosciences 18(20). p.5811-5830
Abstract

The Arctic is exposed to even faster temperature changes than most other areas on Earth. Constantly increasing temperature will lead to thawing permafrost and changes in the methane (CH4) emissions from wetlands. One of the places exposed to those changes is the Abisko-Stordalen Mire in northern Sweden, where climate and vegetation studies have been conducted since the 1970s. In our study, we analyzed field-scale methane emissions measured by the eddy covariance method at Abisko-Stordalen Mire for 3 years (2014-2016). The site is a subarctic mire mosaic of palsas, thawing palsas, fully thawed fens, and open water bodies. A bimodal wind pattern prevalent at the site provides an ideal opportunity to measure mire patches with different... (More)

The Arctic is exposed to even faster temperature changes than most other areas on Earth. Constantly increasing temperature will lead to thawing permafrost and changes in the methane (CH4) emissions from wetlands. One of the places exposed to those changes is the Abisko-Stordalen Mire in northern Sweden, where climate and vegetation studies have been conducted since the 1970s. In our study, we analyzed field-scale methane emissions measured by the eddy covariance method at Abisko-Stordalen Mire for 3 years (2014-2016). The site is a subarctic mire mosaic of palsas, thawing palsas, fully thawed fens, and open water bodies. A bimodal wind pattern prevalent at the site provides an ideal opportunity to measure mire patches with different permafrost status with one flux measurement system. The flux footprint for westerly winds was dominated by elevated palsa plateaus, while the footprint was almost equally distributed between palsas and thawing bog-like areas for easterly winds. As these patches are exposed to the same climatic and weather conditions, we analyzed the differences in the responses of their methane emission for environmental parameters. The methane fluxes followed a similar annual cycle over the 3 study years, with a gentle rise during spring and a decrease during autumn, without emission bursts at either end of the ice-free season. The peak emission during the ice-free season differed significantly for the two mire areas with different permafrost status: the palsa mire emitted 19ĝ€¯mg-Cĝ€¯m-2ĝ€¯d-1 and the thawing wet sector 40ĝ€¯mg-Cĝ€¯m-2ĝ€¯d-1. Factors controlling the methane emission were analyzed using generalized linear models. The main driver for methane fluxes was peat temperature for both wind sectors. Soil water content above the water table emerged as an explanatory variable for the 3 years for western sectors and the year 2016 in the eastern sector. The water table level showed a significant correlation with methane emission for the year 2016 as well. Gross primary production, however, did not show a significant correlation with methane emissions. Annual methane emissions were estimated based on four different gap-filing methods. The different methods generally resulted in very similar annual emissions. The mean annual emission based on all models was 3.1ĝ€¯±ĝ€¯0.3ĝ€¯g-Cĝ€¯m-2ĝ€¯a-1 for the western sector and 5.5ĝ€¯±ĝ€¯0.5ĝ€¯g-Cĝ€¯m-2ĝ€¯a-1 for the eastern sector. The average annual emissions, derived from these data and a footprint climatology, were 2.7ĝ€¯±ĝ€¯0.5 and 8.2ĝ€¯±ĝ€¯1.5ĝ€¯g-Cĝ€¯m-2ĝ€¯a-1 for the palsa and thawing surfaces, respectively. Winter fluxes were relatively high, contributing 27ĝ€¯%-45ĝ€¯% to the annual emissions.

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organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
in
Biogeosciences
volume
18
issue
20
pages
20 pages
publisher
Copernicus GmbH
external identifiers
  • scopus:85118696596
ISSN
1726-4170
DOI
10.5194/bg-18-5811-2021
project
MEthane goes MObile - MEasurements and MOdelling
language
English
LU publication?
yes
additional info
Publisher Copyright: © 2021 Patryk Łakomiec et al.
id
03b86da3-7060-49f5-b747-b75b9729a475
date added to LUP
2021-11-21 17:10:52
date last changed
2023-02-21 15:29:16
@article{03b86da3-7060-49f5-b747-b75b9729a475,
  abstract     = {{<p>The Arctic is exposed to even faster temperature changes than most other areas on Earth. Constantly increasing temperature will lead to thawing permafrost and changes in the methane (CH4) emissions from wetlands. One of the places exposed to those changes is the Abisko-Stordalen Mire in northern Sweden, where climate and vegetation studies have been conducted since the 1970s. In our study, we analyzed field-scale methane emissions measured by the eddy covariance method at Abisko-Stordalen Mire for 3 years (2014-2016). The site is a subarctic mire mosaic of palsas, thawing palsas, fully thawed fens, and open water bodies. A bimodal wind pattern prevalent at the site provides an ideal opportunity to measure mire patches with different permafrost status with one flux measurement system. The flux footprint for westerly winds was dominated by elevated palsa plateaus, while the footprint was almost equally distributed between palsas and thawing bog-like areas for easterly winds. As these patches are exposed to the same climatic and weather conditions, we analyzed the differences in the responses of their methane emission for environmental parameters. The methane fluxes followed a similar annual cycle over the 3 study years, with a gentle rise during spring and a decrease during autumn, without emission bursts at either end of the ice-free season. The peak emission during the ice-free season differed significantly for the two mire areas with different permafrost status: the palsa mire emitted 19ĝ€¯mg-Cĝ€¯m-2ĝ€¯d-1 and the thawing wet sector 40ĝ€¯mg-Cĝ€¯m-2ĝ€¯d-1. Factors controlling the methane emission were analyzed using generalized linear models. The main driver for methane fluxes was peat temperature for both wind sectors. Soil water content above the water table emerged as an explanatory variable for the 3 years for western sectors and the year 2016 in the eastern sector. The water table level showed a significant correlation with methane emission for the year 2016 as well. Gross primary production, however, did not show a significant correlation with methane emissions. Annual methane emissions were estimated based on four different gap-filing methods. The different methods generally resulted in very similar annual emissions. The mean annual emission based on all models was 3.1ĝ€¯±ĝ€¯0.3ĝ€¯g-Cĝ€¯m-2ĝ€¯a-1 for the western sector and 5.5ĝ€¯±ĝ€¯0.5ĝ€¯g-Cĝ€¯m-2ĝ€¯a-1 for the eastern sector. The average annual emissions, derived from these data and a footprint climatology, were 2.7ĝ€¯±ĝ€¯0.5 and 8.2ĝ€¯±ĝ€¯1.5ĝ€¯g-Cĝ€¯m-2ĝ€¯a-1 for the palsa and thawing surfaces, respectively. Winter fluxes were relatively high, contributing 27ĝ€¯%-45ĝ€¯% to the annual emissions. </p>}},
  author       = {{Lakomiec, Patryk and Holst, Jutta and Friborg, Thomas and Crill, Patrick and Rakos, Niklas and Kljun, Natascha and Olsson, Per Ola and Eklundh, Lars and Persson, Andreas and Rinne, Janne}},
  issn         = {{1726-4170}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  month        = {{10}},
  number       = {{20}},
  pages        = {{5811--5830}},
  publisher    = {{Copernicus GmbH}},
  series       = {{Biogeosciences}},
  title        = {{Field-scale CH4 emission at a subarctic mire with heterogeneous permafrost thaw status}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-5811-2021}},
  doi          = {{10.5194/bg-18-5811-2021}},
  volume       = {{18}},
  year         = {{2021}},
}