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Aspiration of dead space allows isocapnic low tidal volume ventilation in acute lung injury. Relationships to gas exchange and mechanics

De Robertis, E ; Servillo, G ; Tufano, R and Jonson, Björn LU (2001) In Intensive Care Medicine 27(9). p.1496-1503
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: In acute lung injury (ALI) mechanical ventilation damages lungs. We hypothesised that aspiration and replacement of dead space during expiration (ASPIDS) allows normocapnic ventilation at higher end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) and reduced tidal volume (V(T)), peak and plateau pressures (Paw(peak), Paw(plat)), thus avoiding lung damage. SETTING: University Hospital. PATIENTS: Seven consecutive sedated and paralysed ALI patients were studied. Interventions and measurements: Single breath test for CO(2) and multiple elastic pressure volume (Pel/V) curves recorded from different end-expiratory pressures guided ventilatory setting at ASPIDS. ASPIDS was studied at respiratory rate (RR) of 14 min(-1) and then 20 min(-1) with minute... (More)
OBJECTIVE: In acute lung injury (ALI) mechanical ventilation damages lungs. We hypothesised that aspiration and replacement of dead space during expiration (ASPIDS) allows normocapnic ventilation at higher end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) and reduced tidal volume (V(T)), peak and plateau pressures (Paw(peak), Paw(plat)), thus avoiding lung damage. SETTING: University Hospital. PATIENTS: Seven consecutive sedated and paralysed ALI patients were studied. Interventions and measurements: Single breath test for CO(2) and multiple elastic pressure volume (Pel/V) curves recorded from different end-expiratory pressures guided ventilatory setting at ASPIDS. ASPIDS was studied at respiratory rate (RR) of 14 min(-1) and then 20 min(-1) with minute ventilation maintaining stable CO(2) elimination. RESULTS: Alveolar and airway dead spaces were 24.3% and 31.3% of V(T), respectively. Multiple Pel/V curves showed a shift towards lower volume at decreasing PEEP, thus indicating that patients required a higher PEEP. At ASPIDS, PEEP was increased from 8.9 cmH(2)O to 12.6 cmH(2)O and VT reduced from 11 ml/kg to 8.9 ml/kg at RR 14 min(-1) and to 6.9 ml/kg at RR 20 min(-1). A significant decrease in Paw(peak) (36.7 vs 32 at RR 14 min(-1) and 28.7 at RR 20 min(-1)) and Paw(plat) (29.9 vs 27.3 at RR 14 min-1 and 24.1 at RR 20 min-1) were observed. PaCO(2) remained stable. No intrinsic PEEP developed. No side effects were noticed. CONCLUSIONS: ASPIDS allowed the use of higher PEEP at lower V(T) and inflation pressure and constant PaCO(2). Multiple Pel/V curves gave insight into the tendency of lungs to collapse. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
; ; and
organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
keywords
ARDS, Pressure volume curve, Lower inflexion point, Single breath test, Lung protective ventilation
in
Intensive Care Medicine
volume
27
issue
9
pages
1496 - 1503
publisher
Springer
external identifiers
  • pmid:11685343
  • scopus:0034846830
ISSN
0342-4642
DOI
10.1007/s001340101046
language
English
LU publication?
yes
id
d56c86e9-5371-4d9c-8cf7-862e66cdfa48 (old id 1122770)
date added to LUP
2016-04-01 11:40:05
date last changed
2022-01-26 08:28:03
@article{d56c86e9-5371-4d9c-8cf7-862e66cdfa48,
  abstract     = {{OBJECTIVE: In acute lung injury (ALI) mechanical ventilation damages lungs. We hypothesised that aspiration and replacement of dead space during expiration (ASPIDS) allows normocapnic ventilation at higher end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) and reduced tidal volume (V(T)), peak and plateau pressures (Paw(peak), Paw(plat)), thus avoiding lung damage. SETTING: University Hospital. PATIENTS: Seven consecutive sedated and paralysed ALI patients were studied. Interventions and measurements: Single breath test for CO(2) and multiple elastic pressure volume (Pel/V) curves recorded from different end-expiratory pressures guided ventilatory setting at ASPIDS. ASPIDS was studied at respiratory rate (RR) of 14 min(-1) and then 20 min(-1) with minute ventilation maintaining stable CO(2) elimination. RESULTS: Alveolar and airway dead spaces were 24.3% and 31.3% of V(T), respectively. Multiple Pel/V curves showed a shift towards lower volume at decreasing PEEP, thus indicating that patients required a higher PEEP. At ASPIDS, PEEP was increased from 8.9 cmH(2)O to 12.6 cmH(2)O and VT reduced from 11 ml/kg to 8.9 ml/kg at RR 14 min(-1) and to 6.9 ml/kg at RR 20 min(-1). A significant decrease in Paw(peak) (36.7 vs 32 at RR 14 min(-1) and 28.7 at RR 20 min(-1)) and Paw(plat) (29.9 vs 27.3 at RR 14 min-1 and 24.1 at RR 20 min-1) were observed. PaCO(2) remained stable. No intrinsic PEEP developed. No side effects were noticed. CONCLUSIONS: ASPIDS allowed the use of higher PEEP at lower V(T) and inflation pressure and constant PaCO(2). Multiple Pel/V curves gave insight into the tendency of lungs to collapse.}},
  author       = {{De Robertis, E and Servillo, G and Tufano, R and Jonson, Björn}},
  issn         = {{0342-4642}},
  keywords     = {{ARDS; Pressure volume curve; Lower inflexion point; Single breath test; Lung protective ventilation}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{9}},
  pages        = {{1496--1503}},
  publisher    = {{Springer}},
  series       = {{Intensive Care Medicine}},
  title        = {{Aspiration of dead space allows isocapnic low tidal volume ventilation in acute lung injury. Relationships to gas exchange and mechanics}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001340101046}},
  doi          = {{10.1007/s001340101046}},
  volume       = {{27}},
  year         = {{2001}},
}