Evolution of Prey Polymorphism Induced by Learning Predators
(2011) In Journal of Biological Systems 19(2). p.319-328- Abstract
- A prey species using crypsis to avoid predators has the opportunity to evolve polymorphic crypsis when it is being exposed to two (or more) habitats with different backgrounds. Here, we investigate when this phenomenon can occur, in a simulation study with a sexually reproducing prey and a predator that can learn to find hiding prey, represented by an artificial neural network. Initially, the prey is well adapted to one habitat, but tries to expand its range by invading another, different, habitat. This can cause the prey to evolve toward an intermediate phenotype, equally cryptic in both habitats. The prey can also fail in adapting to its new environment, and stay the same. Alternatively, it can evolve polymorphic crypsis. We find that... (More)
- A prey species using crypsis to avoid predators has the opportunity to evolve polymorphic crypsis when it is being exposed to two (or more) habitats with different backgrounds. Here, we investigate when this phenomenon can occur, in a simulation study with a sexually reproducing prey and a predator that can learn to find hiding prey, represented by an artificial neural network. Initially, the prey is well adapted to one habitat, but tries to expand its range by invading another, different, habitat. This can cause the prey to evolve toward an intermediate phenotype, equally cryptic in both habitats. The prey can also fail in adapting to its new environment, and stay the same. Alternatively, it can evolve polymorphic crypsis. We find that the evolutionary outcome depends on the amount of dispersal between the habitats, with polymorphic crypsis evolving for low dispersal rates, an intermediate phenotype will evolve for intermediate dispersal rates and no adaptation to the new habitat will occur for high dispersal rates. The distribution of phenotypes of the prey will also vary for different dispersal rates, with narrow distributions for low and high dispersal rate and a wide distribution for intermediate dispersal rates. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
https://lup.lub.lu.se/record/2094120
- author
- Holmér, Jennie LU and Green, Michael LU
- organization
- publishing date
- 2011
- type
- Contribution to journal
- publication status
- published
- subject
- keywords
- Crypsis, Artificial Neural Network, Heterogeneous Environment, Dispersal, Local Adaptation
- in
- Journal of Biological Systems
- volume
- 19
- issue
- 2
- pages
- 319 - 328
- publisher
- World Scientific Publishing
- external identifiers
-
- wos:000292644100010
- scopus:79960370133
- ISSN
- 0218-3390
- DOI
- 10.1142/S0218339011003944
- language
- English
- LU publication?
- yes
- id
- cae1ad7e-e9cd-4625-9947-c31e311bd09a (old id 2094120)
- date added to LUP
- 2016-04-01 13:06:37
- date last changed
- 2022-12-11 08:24:28
@article{cae1ad7e-e9cd-4625-9947-c31e311bd09a,
abstract = {{A prey species using crypsis to avoid predators has the opportunity to evolve polymorphic crypsis when it is being exposed to two (or more) habitats with different backgrounds. Here, we investigate when this phenomenon can occur, in a simulation study with a sexually reproducing prey and a predator that can learn to find hiding prey, represented by an artificial neural network. Initially, the prey is well adapted to one habitat, but tries to expand its range by invading another, different, habitat. This can cause the prey to evolve toward an intermediate phenotype, equally cryptic in both habitats. The prey can also fail in adapting to its new environment, and stay the same. Alternatively, it can evolve polymorphic crypsis. We find that the evolutionary outcome depends on the amount of dispersal between the habitats, with polymorphic crypsis evolving for low dispersal rates, an intermediate phenotype will evolve for intermediate dispersal rates and no adaptation to the new habitat will occur for high dispersal rates. The distribution of phenotypes of the prey will also vary for different dispersal rates, with narrow distributions for low and high dispersal rate and a wide distribution for intermediate dispersal rates.}},
author = {{Holmér, Jennie and Green, Michael}},
issn = {{0218-3390}},
keywords = {{Crypsis; Artificial Neural Network; Heterogeneous Environment; Dispersal; Local Adaptation}},
language = {{eng}},
number = {{2}},
pages = {{319--328}},
publisher = {{World Scientific Publishing}},
series = {{Journal of Biological Systems}},
title = {{Evolution of Prey Polymorphism Induced by Learning Predators}},
url = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/S0218339011003944}},
doi = {{10.1142/S0218339011003944}},
volume = {{19}},
year = {{2011}},
}