Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Pulmonary Hypertension : A Chicken-and-Egg Relationship
(2024) In Journal of Clinical Medicine 13(10).- Abstract
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is characterized by repeated episodes of upper airway obstruction during sleep, and it is closely linked to several cardiovascular issues due to intermittent hypoxia, nocturnal hypoxemia, and disrupted sleep patterns. Pulmonary hypertension (PH), identified by elevated pulmonary arterial pressure, shares a complex interplay with OSA, contributing to cardiovascular complications and morbidity. The prevalence of OSA is alarmingly high, with studies indicating rates of 20–30% in males and 10–15% in females, escalating significantly with age and obesity. OSA’s impact on cardiovascular health is profound, particularly in exacerbating conditions like systemic hypertension and heart failure. The pivotal role of... (More)
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is characterized by repeated episodes of upper airway obstruction during sleep, and it is closely linked to several cardiovascular issues due to intermittent hypoxia, nocturnal hypoxemia, and disrupted sleep patterns. Pulmonary hypertension (PH), identified by elevated pulmonary arterial pressure, shares a complex interplay with OSA, contributing to cardiovascular complications and morbidity. The prevalence of OSA is alarmingly high, with studies indicating rates of 20–30% in males and 10–15% in females, escalating significantly with age and obesity. OSA’s impact on cardiovascular health is profound, particularly in exacerbating conditions like systemic hypertension and heart failure. The pivotal role of hypoxemia increases intrathoracic pressure, inflammation, and autonomic nervous system dysregulation in this interplay, which all contribute to PH’s pathogenesis. The prevalence of PH among OSA patients varies widely, with studies reporting rates from 15% to 80%, highlighting the variability in diagnostic criteria and methodologies. Conversely, OSA prevalence among PH patients also remains high, often exceeding 25%, stressing the need for careful screening and diagnosis. Treatment strategies like continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy show promise in mitigating PH progression in OSA patients. However, this review underscores the need for further research into long-term outcomes and the efficacy of these treatments. This review provides comprehensive insights into the epidemiology, pathophysiology, and treatment of the intricate interplay between OSA and PH, calling for integrated, personalized approaches in diagnosis and management. The future landscape of OSA and PH management hinges on continued research, technological advancements, and a holistic approach to improving patient outcomes.
(Less)
- author
- Balcan, Baran ; Akdeniz, Bahri and Peker, Yüksel LU
- author collaboration
- organization
- publishing date
- 2024-05
- type
- Contribution to journal
- publication status
- published
- subject
- keywords
- narrative review, obstructive sleep apnea, positive airway pressure, pulmonary hypertension, right-sided heart failure
- in
- Journal of Clinical Medicine
- volume
- 13
- issue
- 10
- article number
- 2961
- publisher
- MDPI AG
- external identifiers
-
- scopus:85194261887
- pmid:38792502
- ISSN
- 2077-0383
- DOI
- 10.3390/jcm13102961
- language
- English
- LU publication?
- yes
- id
- 224bae2b-d0cf-4c07-836b-6589df8ff811
- date added to LUP
- 2024-08-28 14:17:24
- date last changed
- 2024-08-29 03:00:12
@article{224bae2b-d0cf-4c07-836b-6589df8ff811,
abstract = {{<p>Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is characterized by repeated episodes of upper airway obstruction during sleep, and it is closely linked to several cardiovascular issues due to intermittent hypoxia, nocturnal hypoxemia, and disrupted sleep patterns. Pulmonary hypertension (PH), identified by elevated pulmonary arterial pressure, shares a complex interplay with OSA, contributing to cardiovascular complications and morbidity. The prevalence of OSA is alarmingly high, with studies indicating rates of 20–30% in males and 10–15% in females, escalating significantly with age and obesity. OSA’s impact on cardiovascular health is profound, particularly in exacerbating conditions like systemic hypertension and heart failure. The pivotal role of hypoxemia increases intrathoracic pressure, inflammation, and autonomic nervous system dysregulation in this interplay, which all contribute to PH’s pathogenesis. The prevalence of PH among OSA patients varies widely, with studies reporting rates from 15% to 80%, highlighting the variability in diagnostic criteria and methodologies. Conversely, OSA prevalence among PH patients also remains high, often exceeding 25%, stressing the need for careful screening and diagnosis. Treatment strategies like continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy show promise in mitigating PH progression in OSA patients. However, this review underscores the need for further research into long-term outcomes and the efficacy of these treatments. This review provides comprehensive insights into the epidemiology, pathophysiology, and treatment of the intricate interplay between OSA and PH, calling for integrated, personalized approaches in diagnosis and management. The future landscape of OSA and PH management hinges on continued research, technological advancements, and a holistic approach to improving patient outcomes.</p>}},
author = {{Balcan, Baran and Akdeniz, Bahri and Peker, Yüksel}},
issn = {{2077-0383}},
keywords = {{narrative review; obstructive sleep apnea; positive airway pressure; pulmonary hypertension; right-sided heart failure}},
language = {{eng}},
number = {{10}},
publisher = {{MDPI AG}},
series = {{Journal of Clinical Medicine}},
title = {{Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Pulmonary Hypertension : A Chicken-and-Egg Relationship}},
url = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm13102961}},
doi = {{10.3390/jcm13102961}},
volume = {{13}},
year = {{2024}},
}