High-resolution comparative atomic structures of two Giardiavirus prototypes infecting G. duodenalis parasite
Wang, Han ; Marucci, Gianluca ; Munke, Anna LU
; Hassan, Mohammad Maruf
; Lalle, Marco
and Okamoto, Kenta
(2024)
In PLoS Pathogens
20(4).
- Abstract
The Giardia lamblia virus (GLV) is a non-enveloped icosahedral dsRNA and endosymbiont virus that infects the zoonotic protozoan parasite Giardia duodenalis (syn. G. lamblia, G. intestinalis), which is a pathogen of mammals, including humans. Elucidating the transmission mechanism of GLV is crucial for gaining an in-depth understanding of the virulence of the virus in G. duodenalis. GLV belongs to the family Totiviridae, which infects yeast and protozoa intracellularly; however, it also transmits extracellularly, similar to the phylogenetically, distantly related toti-like viruses that infect multicellular hosts. The GLV capsid structure is extensively involved in the longstanding discussion concerning extracellular transmission in... (More)
The Giardia lamblia virus (GLV) is a non-enveloped icosahedral dsRNA and endosymbiont virus that infects the zoonotic protozoan parasite Giardia duodenalis (syn. G. lamblia, G. intestinalis), which is a pathogen of mammals, including humans. Elucidating the transmission mechanism of GLV is crucial for gaining an in-depth understanding of the virulence of the virus in G. duodenalis. GLV belongs to the family Totiviridae, which infects yeast and protozoa intracellularly; however, it also transmits extracellularly, similar to the phylogenetically, distantly related toti-like viruses that infect multicellular hosts. The GLV capsid structure is extensively involved in the longstanding discussion concerning extracellular transmission in Totiviridae and toti-like viruses. Hence, this study constructed the first high-resolution comparative atomic models of two GLV strains, namely GLV-HP and GLV-CAT, which showed different intracellular localization and virulence phenotypes, using cryogenic electron microscopy single-particle analysis. The atomic models of the GLV capsids presented swapped C-terminal extensions, extra surface loops, and a lack of cap-snatching pockets, similar to those of toti-like viruses. However, their open pores and absence of the extra crown protein resemble those of other yeast and protozoan Totiviridae viruses, demonstrating the essential structures for extracellular cell-to-cell transmission. The structural comparison between GLV-HP and GLV-CAT indicates the first evidence of critical structural motifs for the transmission and virulence of GLV in G. duodenalis.
(Less)
- author
- Wang, Han
; Marucci, Gianluca
; Munke, Anna
LU
; Hassan, Mohammad Maruf
; Lalle, Marco
and Okamoto, Kenta
- publishing date
- 2024-04
- type
- Contribution to journal
- publication status
- published
- subject
- keywords
- Giardia lamblia, Giardiavirus, cryo-electron microscopy, Animals, capsid structure, Humans, Phylogeny, cryo-EM
- in
- PLoS Pathogens
- volume
- 20
- issue
- 4
- article number
- e1012140
- publisher
- Public Library of Science (PLoS)
- external identifiers
-
- pmid:38598600
- scopus:85190345029
- ISSN
- 1553-7374
- DOI
- 10.1371/journal.ppat.1012140
- language
- English
- LU publication?
- no
- additional info
- Copyright: © 2024 Wang et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
- id
- 3f555bc0-5060-4f2a-ba82-2cc20e53a457
- date added to LUP
- 2025-04-21 20:24:51
- date last changed
- 2025-07-15 11:10:45
@article{3f555bc0-5060-4f2a-ba82-2cc20e53a457,
abstract = {{<p>The Giardia lamblia virus (GLV) is a non-enveloped icosahedral dsRNA and endosymbiont virus that infects the zoonotic protozoan parasite Giardia duodenalis (syn. G. lamblia, G. intestinalis), which is a pathogen of mammals, including humans. Elucidating the transmission mechanism of GLV is crucial for gaining an in-depth understanding of the virulence of the virus in G. duodenalis. GLV belongs to the family Totiviridae, which infects yeast and protozoa intracellularly; however, it also transmits extracellularly, similar to the phylogenetically, distantly related toti-like viruses that infect multicellular hosts. The GLV capsid structure is extensively involved in the longstanding discussion concerning extracellular transmission in Totiviridae and toti-like viruses. Hence, this study constructed the first high-resolution comparative atomic models of two GLV strains, namely GLV-HP and GLV-CAT, which showed different intracellular localization and virulence phenotypes, using cryogenic electron microscopy single-particle analysis. The atomic models of the GLV capsids presented swapped C-terminal extensions, extra surface loops, and a lack of cap-snatching pockets, similar to those of toti-like viruses. However, their open pores and absence of the extra crown protein resemble those of other yeast and protozoan Totiviridae viruses, demonstrating the essential structures for extracellular cell-to-cell transmission. The structural comparison between GLV-HP and GLV-CAT indicates the first evidence of critical structural motifs for the transmission and virulence of GLV in G. duodenalis.</p>}},
author = {{Wang, Han and Marucci, Gianluca and Munke, Anna and Hassan, Mohammad Maruf and Lalle, Marco and Okamoto, Kenta}},
issn = {{1553-7374}},
keywords = {{Giardia lamblia; Giardiavirus; cryo-electron microscopy; Animals; capsid structure; Humans; Phylogeny; cryo-EM}},
language = {{eng}},
number = {{4}},
publisher = {{Public Library of Science (PLoS)}},
series = {{PLoS Pathogens}},
title = {{High-resolution comparative atomic structures of two Giardiavirus prototypes infecting <i>G. duodenalis</i> parasite}},
url = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1012140}},
doi = {{10.1371/journal.ppat.1012140}},
volume = {{20}},
year = {{2024}},
}