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Measuring bioavailability of polychlorinated biphenyls in soil to earthworms using selective supercritical fluid extraction

Hallgren, Pär LU ; Westbom, Rikard LU ; Nilsson, Tobias LU orcid ; Sporring, Sune LU and Björklund, Erland LU (2006) In Chemosphere 63(9). p.1532-1538
Abstract
If the release mechanisms during selective chemical extraction of persistent organic pollutants (POP) mimic release mechanisms in natural systems during biological uptake, then a selective non-exhaustive extraction could give a quantitative measure of the bioavailable POP fraction. Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) is suggested as a possible technique to estimate the amount of bioavailable polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) at contaminated sites and hence serve as a new tool in risk assessment. The uptake of PCBs by earthworm (Eisenia foetida) was investigated. PCB contaminated soil was pre-extracted with selective non-exhaustive SFE (50 degrees C, 350 bar, 1 h), which removed on average 70% of the individual PCBs. Earthworms were placed... (More)
If the release mechanisms during selective chemical extraction of persistent organic pollutants (POP) mimic release mechanisms in natural systems during biological uptake, then a selective non-exhaustive extraction could give a quantitative measure of the bioavailable POP fraction. Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) is suggested as a possible technique to estimate the amount of bioavailable polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) at contaminated sites and hence serve as a new tool in risk assessment. The uptake of PCBs by earthworm (Eisenia foetida) was investigated. PCB contaminated soil was pre-extracted with selective non-exhaustive SFE (50 degrees C, 350 bar, 1 h), which removed on average 70% of the individual PCBs. Earthworms were placed in this pre-extracted soil, as well as in untreated soil. After 10 days, the PCB uptake by earthworms in the two systems was compared. The bioaccumulation factor(BAF) was 83% lower in the pre-extracted system than in the untreated system, demonstrating that SFE extracts primarily bioavailable contaminants. From the data, the bioavailable fraction could also be calculated to be 75%, which is very close to the 70% removed by SFE under the applied conditions. This suggests that the chemical methodology is capable of measuring the bioavailable fraction very accurately in this system. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. (Less)
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author
; ; ; and
organization
publishing date
type
Contribution to journal
publication status
published
subject
keywords
supercritical fluid extraction, soil, earthworm, bioavailability, polychlorinated biphenyls
in
Chemosphere
volume
63
issue
9
pages
1532 - 1538
publisher
Elsevier
external identifiers
  • wos:000238349500014
  • pmid:16289218
  • scopus:33646410168
ISSN
1879-1298
DOI
10.1016/j.chemosphere.2005.09.007
language
English
LU publication?
yes
additional info
The information about affiliations in this record was updated in December 2015. The record was previously connected to the following departments: Analytical Chemistry (S/LTH) (011001004)
id
44966644-a958-4ada-ab3c-357e30f56914 (old id 406210)
date added to LUP
2016-04-01 11:54:31
date last changed
2022-01-26 19:59:30
@article{44966644-a958-4ada-ab3c-357e30f56914,
  abstract     = {{If the release mechanisms during selective chemical extraction of persistent organic pollutants (POP) mimic release mechanisms in natural systems during biological uptake, then a selective non-exhaustive extraction could give a quantitative measure of the bioavailable POP fraction. Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) is suggested as a possible technique to estimate the amount of bioavailable polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) at contaminated sites and hence serve as a new tool in risk assessment. The uptake of PCBs by earthworm (Eisenia foetida) was investigated. PCB contaminated soil was pre-extracted with selective non-exhaustive SFE (50 degrees C, 350 bar, 1 h), which removed on average 70% of the individual PCBs. Earthworms were placed in this pre-extracted soil, as well as in untreated soil. After 10 days, the PCB uptake by earthworms in the two systems was compared. The bioaccumulation factor(BAF) was 83% lower in the pre-extracted system than in the untreated system, demonstrating that SFE extracts primarily bioavailable contaminants. From the data, the bioavailable fraction could also be calculated to be 75%, which is very close to the 70% removed by SFE under the applied conditions. This suggests that the chemical methodology is capable of measuring the bioavailable fraction very accurately in this system. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.}},
  author       = {{Hallgren, Pär and Westbom, Rikard and Nilsson, Tobias and Sporring, Sune and Björklund, Erland}},
  issn         = {{1879-1298}},
  keywords     = {{supercritical fluid extraction; soil; earthworm; bioavailability; polychlorinated biphenyls}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{9}},
  pages        = {{1532--1538}},
  publisher    = {{Elsevier}},
  series       = {{Chemosphere}},
  title        = {{Measuring bioavailability of polychlorinated biphenyls in soil to earthworms using selective supercritical fluid extraction}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2005.09.007}},
  doi          = {{10.1016/j.chemosphere.2005.09.007}},
  volume       = {{63}},
  year         = {{2006}},
}