Body composition, physical capacity, and immuno-metabolic profile in community-acquired pneumonia caused by COVID-19, influenza, and bacteria : a prospective cohort study
(2022) In International Journal of Obesity 46(4). p.817-824- Abstract
BACKGROUND: Different pathogens can cause community-acquired pneumonia (CAP); however, the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has re-emphasized the vital role of respiratory viruses as a cause of CAP. The aim was to explore differences in metabolic profile, body composition, physical capacity, and inflammation between patients hospitalized with CAP caused by different etiology.
METHODS: A prospective study of Danish patients hospitalized with CAP caused by SARS-CoV-2, influenza, or bacteria. Fat (FM) and fat-free mass (FFM) were assessed with bioelectrical impedance analysis. Physical activity and capacity were assessed using questionnaires and handgrip... (More)
BACKGROUND: Different pathogens can cause community-acquired pneumonia (CAP); however, the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has re-emphasized the vital role of respiratory viruses as a cause of CAP. The aim was to explore differences in metabolic profile, body composition, physical capacity, and inflammation between patients hospitalized with CAP caused by different etiology.
METHODS: A prospective study of Danish patients hospitalized with CAP caused by SARS-CoV-2, influenza, or bacteria. Fat (FM) and fat-free mass (FFM) were assessed with bioelectrical impedance analysis. Physical activity and capacity were assessed using questionnaires and handgrip strength. Plasma (p)-glucose, p-lipids, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), p-adiponectin, and cytokines were measured.
RESULTS: Among 164 patients with CAP, etiology did not affect admission levels of glucose, HbA1c, adiponectin, or lipids. Overall, 15.2% had known diabetes, 6.1% had undiagnosed diabetes, 51.3% had pre-diabetes, 81% had hyperglycemia, and 60% had low HDL-cholesterol, with no difference between groups. Body mass index, FM, and FFM were similar between groups, with 73% of the patients being characterized with abdominal obesity, although waist circumference was lower in patients with COVID-19. Physical capacity was similar between groups. More than 80% had low handgrip strength and low physical activity levels. Compared to patients with influenza, patients with COVID-19 had increased levels of interferon (IFN)-γ (mean difference (MD) 4.14; 95% CI 1.36-12.58; p = 0.008), interleukin (IL)-4 (MD 1.82; 95% CI 1.12-2.97; p = 0.012), IL-5 (MD 2.22; 95% CI 1.09-4.52; p = 0.024), and IL-6 (MD 2.41; 95% CI 1.02-5.68; p = 0.044) and increased IFN-γ (MD 6.10; 95% CI 2.53-14.71; p < 0.001) and IL-10 (MD 2.68; 95% CI 1.53-4.69; p < 0.001) compared to patients with bacterial CAP, but no difference in IL-1β, tumor necrosis factor-α, IL-8, IL-18, IL-12p70, C-reactive protein, and adiponectin.
CONCLUSION: Despite higher inflammatory response in patients with COVID-19, metabolic profile, body composition, and physical capacity were similar to patients with influenza and bacterial CAP.
(Less)
- author
- Ryrsø, Camilla Koch ; Dungu, Arnold Matovu ; Hegelund, Maria Hein ; Jensen, Andreas Vestergaard ; Sejdic, Adin LU ; Faurholt-Jepsen, Daniel ; Krogh-Madsen, Rikke and Lindegaard, Birgitte
- publishing date
- 2022-04
- type
- Contribution to journal
- publication status
- published
- keywords
- Bacteria, Body Composition, COVID-19/complications, Hand Strength, Humans, Influenza, Human/complications, Metabolome, Pneumonia, Prospective Studies, SARS-CoV-2
- in
- International Journal of Obesity
- volume
- 46
- issue
- 4
- pages
- 817 - 824
- publisher
- Nature Publishing Group
- external identifiers
-
- pmid:34987205
- scopus:85122332426
- ISSN
- 1476-5497
- DOI
- 10.1038/s41366-021-01057-0
- language
- English
- LU publication?
- no
- additional info
- © 2022. The Author(s).
- id
- 543cd340-2b8f-4062-b517-8f73728c635d
- date added to LUP
- 2024-10-14 09:26:34
- date last changed
- 2025-07-09 15:32:11
@article{543cd340-2b8f-4062-b517-8f73728c635d,
abstract = {{<p>BACKGROUND: Different pathogens can cause community-acquired pneumonia (CAP); however, the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has re-emphasized the vital role of respiratory viruses as a cause of CAP. The aim was to explore differences in metabolic profile, body composition, physical capacity, and inflammation between patients hospitalized with CAP caused by different etiology.</p><p>METHODS: A prospective study of Danish patients hospitalized with CAP caused by SARS-CoV-2, influenza, or bacteria. Fat (FM) and fat-free mass (FFM) were assessed with bioelectrical impedance analysis. Physical activity and capacity were assessed using questionnaires and handgrip strength. Plasma (p)-glucose, p-lipids, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), p-adiponectin, and cytokines were measured.</p><p>RESULTS: Among 164 patients with CAP, etiology did not affect admission levels of glucose, HbA1c, adiponectin, or lipids. Overall, 15.2% had known diabetes, 6.1% had undiagnosed diabetes, 51.3% had pre-diabetes, 81% had hyperglycemia, and 60% had low HDL-cholesterol, with no difference between groups. Body mass index, FM, and FFM were similar between groups, with 73% of the patients being characterized with abdominal obesity, although waist circumference was lower in patients with COVID-19. Physical capacity was similar between groups. More than 80% had low handgrip strength and low physical activity levels. Compared to patients with influenza, patients with COVID-19 had increased levels of interferon (IFN)-γ (mean difference (MD) 4.14; 95% CI 1.36-12.58; p = 0.008), interleukin (IL)-4 (MD 1.82; 95% CI 1.12-2.97; p = 0.012), IL-5 (MD 2.22; 95% CI 1.09-4.52; p = 0.024), and IL-6 (MD 2.41; 95% CI 1.02-5.68; p = 0.044) and increased IFN-γ (MD 6.10; 95% CI 2.53-14.71; p < 0.001) and IL-10 (MD 2.68; 95% CI 1.53-4.69; p < 0.001) compared to patients with bacterial CAP, but no difference in IL-1β, tumor necrosis factor-α, IL-8, IL-18, IL-12p70, C-reactive protein, and adiponectin.</p><p>CONCLUSION: Despite higher inflammatory response in patients with COVID-19, metabolic profile, body composition, and physical capacity were similar to patients with influenza and bacterial CAP.</p>}},
author = {{Ryrsø, Camilla Koch and Dungu, Arnold Matovu and Hegelund, Maria Hein and Jensen, Andreas Vestergaard and Sejdic, Adin and Faurholt-Jepsen, Daniel and Krogh-Madsen, Rikke and Lindegaard, Birgitte}},
issn = {{1476-5497}},
keywords = {{Bacteria; Body Composition; COVID-19/complications; Hand Strength; Humans; Influenza, Human/complications; Metabolome; Pneumonia; Prospective Studies; SARS-CoV-2}},
language = {{eng}},
number = {{4}},
pages = {{817--824}},
publisher = {{Nature Publishing Group}},
series = {{International Journal of Obesity}},
title = {{Body composition, physical capacity, and immuno-metabolic profile in community-acquired pneumonia caused by COVID-19, influenza, and bacteria : a prospective cohort study}},
url = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41366-021-01057-0}},
doi = {{10.1038/s41366-021-01057-0}},
volume = {{46}},
year = {{2022}},
}